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S. 2399 as introduced would amend section 2811 of the Public Health Service Act to require the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response to conduct risk assessments and implement strategic initiatives or activities to address whether technical advancements in artificial intelligence, such as open-source models and large language models, can be used intentionally or unintentionally to develop novel pathogens, viruses, bioweapons or chemical weapons, and provides that such initiatives and activities may include monitoring and research on potential global biological catastrophic risks and a summary of the risk assessment in the National Health Security Strategy. Copy claim link
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Machine-checked, not reviewed by an editor Stated in source Supported
Supporting evidence: primary · 2 sources
Provision Required action · provision ID us-ai-biosecurity-risk-assessment-act-aspr-assessment Subject version Introduced in Senate print (BILLS-118s2399is) · Published 2023-07-19 · Effective date not established Date 2023-07-19 · publication Scope and limits A bill as introduced states a proposal, not law: no duty is imposed, nothing in the two listed items is required of the Assistant Secretary even if the bill were enacted, and the bill did not advance beyond committee referral on the record inspected. The proposition is about what the bill would require, not about whether AI can be so used.
The evidence 03 primary source Supports the claim
S. 2399, Artificial Intelligence and Biosecurity Risk Assessment Act, as introduced in the Senate (118th Congress) ↗ U.S. Senate via govinfo.gov (GPO) · Publication date unknown
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Source excerpt “artificial intelligence, such as open-source artificial intelligence models and large language models, can be used intentionally or unintentionally to develop novel pathogens, viruses, bioweapons, or chemical weapons” Location in source Sec. 2, adding section 2811(h) to the Public Health Service Act
How it was read Retrieved directly from the publisher
Machine-checked · 2026-10-30
Source details and check notes Authors U.S. Senate via govinfo.gov (GPO) Version Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 (SHA-256 baff4cb10baf7c21e39c899d6ecdc8319805e60a523ab9f583e0699c5c86f5aa). The 'Introduced in Senate' text version (BILLS-118s2399is), the only text version the bill-status record lists. Retrieved again at admission on 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 baff4cb10baf7c21e39c899d6ecdc8319805e60a523ab9f583e0699c5c86f5aa, the same bytes). Canonical address Open the canonical source ↗ Accessed 2026-10-28 Language English (en) Attribution U.S. Senate via govinfo.gov (GPO), “S. 2399, Artificial Intelligence and Biosecurity Risk Assessment Act, as introduced in the Senate (118th Congress)”. Reuse No open redistribution licence asserted. Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution. Check notes Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The quotation (27 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The only passage quoted from this source: at 273 words its quotation budget under the editorial policy is about 27 words. The subsection opens by directing the Assistant Secretary to conduct risk assessments and implement strategic initiatives or activities to address whether those advancements can be so used. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item 59) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review. primary source Supports the claim
S. 2399, Artificial Intelligence and Biosecurity Risk Assessment Act, as introduced in the Senate (118th Congress) ↗ U.S. Senate via govinfo.gov (GPO) · Publication date unknown
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Paraphrase the subsection provides that such initiatives and activities may include (1) regularly monitoring and researching potential global biological catastrophic risks and (2) including in the National Health Security Strategy a summary of the risk assessment conducted under the subsection.
Location in source Sec. 2, adding section 2811(h)(1) and (2)
How it was read Retrieved directly from the publisher
Machine-checked · 2026-10-30
Source details and check notes Authors U.S. Senate via govinfo.gov (GPO) Version Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 (SHA-256 baff4cb10baf7c21e39c899d6ecdc8319805e60a523ab9f583e0699c5c86f5aa). The 'Introduced in Senate' text version (BILLS-118s2399is), the only text version the bill-status record lists. Retrieved again at admission on 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 baff4cb10baf7c21e39c899d6ecdc8319805e60a523ab9f583e0699c5c86f5aa, the same bytes). Canonical address Open the canonical source ↗ Accessed 2026-10-28 Language English (en) Attribution U.S. Senate via govinfo.gov (GPO), “S. 2399, Artificial Intelligence and Biosecurity Risk Assessment Act, as introduced in the Senate (118th Congress)”. Reuse No open redistribution licence asserted. Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution. Check notes Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. Explicit paraphrase, used because this source's quotation budget is about 27 words. The subsection's words are 'Such initiatives and activities may include', so neither item is a duty. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item 59) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review. primary source Supports the claim
Bill status record for S. 2399 (118th Congress), Artificial Intelligence and Biosecurity Risk Assessment Act ↗ Library of Congress and U.S. Senate, published as bulk data via govinfo.gov (GPO) · Publication date unknown
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Paraphrase the official bill-status record gives introducedDate 2023-07-19 and lists one text version, 'Introduced in Senate', dated 2023-07-19.
Location in source introducedDate and textVersions elements
How it was read Retrieved directly from the publisher
Machine-checked · 2026-10-30
Source details and check notes Authors Library of Congress and U.S. Senate, published as bulk data via govinfo.gov (GPO) Version Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 (SHA-256 4d6f29ba1e88580854e573e5f16ea86124dbed627740f1cfd4e5e7abd2ddbd77). The status record as served on 2026-10-28, carrying updateDate 2025-12-05. Retrieved again at admission on 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 4d6f29ba1e88580854e573e5f16ea86124dbed627740f1cfd4e5e7abd2ddbd77, the same bytes). Canonical address Open the canonical source ↗ Accessed 2026-10-28 Language English (en) Attribution Library of Congress and U.S. Senate, published as bulk data via govinfo.gov (GPO), “Bill status record for S. 2399 (118th Congress), Artificial Intelligence and Biosecurity Risk Assessment Act”. Reuse No open redistribution licence asserted. Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution. Check notes Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. Cited for the date this provision record carries, which the bill print alone dates only by its dateline. The status record carries the generation stamp 2025-12-05. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item 59) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review. Status and meaning Editorial status. Not reviewed by an editor . An exploratory record that no editor has accepted. This status does not say whether a person has read any linked passage. Each evidence record above shows how it was checked.
Relation. An exact framework edition, or another document with an exact expression, states one provision: a capability threshold or risk level and its trigger, a required safeguard or action, a decision authority (who decides, recommends, can overrule or is informed), a stated exception, or another statement of its content, such as a licence term or a prospectus statement. The passage records what the document says, not implementation, compliance or effectiveness. Provisions with the same key align across editions of one family.
Date. Provision of the bill as introduced, dated by the publication of the introduced print of 19 July 2023 (the dateline of the print and the date in its govinfo package metadata, with the official bill-status record cited below); introduction in the Senate is the event behind that date. The bill-status record lists no later text version.
Record ID ab-scr-s2399-ai-risk-assessment