Claim · 2022-10-11 · publication · Stated in source · Supported

The Bank of England (including the PRA) and the Financial Conduct Authority state in DP5/22 of 11 October 2022 that the growing complexity of AI models can lead to a lack of explainability or interpretability (the “black box problem”) and that this can lead to prudential risks and may require extra care to ensure accountability and oversight.

One recorded claim. The claim panel gives its qualification, the source passages with their place in each source, and how it was checked.

What it connects

DP5/22 - Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning → articulates → The opacity of AI models complicates risk management and supervision

Where it appears

AI and money: what central banks and financial authorities have said, 1997–2026 →

Claim and evidence

DP5/22 - Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learningarticulates ↓The opacity of AI models complicates risk management and supervision

Machine-checkedStated in sourceSupported

Supporting evidence: primary · 1 source

Date: 2022-10-11 · publication Records dated 2022 →
Role: Articulation
Register (kind of text): Nonfiction

Scope and limitsA discussion paper; it describes risks and does not set new requirements.

The evidence 02

primary sourceSupports the claim

DP5/22 - Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Bank of England · 2022-10-11

Cite the original source

Cite the original document, not Selekoa. Check these details against it.

Source excerpt

“the complexity of AI models is increasing, which can lead to a lack of explainability or interpretability (known as the ‘black box problem’).”

Location in source Chapter 3, para 3.18

How it was read Retrieved directly from the publisher

Machine-checked · 2026-11-06

Source details and check notes

Authors: Bank of England (including the PRA) and Financial Conduct Authority
Version: Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-11-02 (SHA-256 657c63bd007f934dc9a66a2b843a838fe60a939d3c66f69357460cef64fafd2f). Retrieved again at admission on 2026-11-06 (SHA-256 fabde4a2e27cacea27129ee7c9c635c6bb0196ea3313c6dfd79a89f88565076d; web pages are served with new markup on each request). HTML of the discussion paper page as served on 2026-11-02
Canonical address: Open the canonical source ↗
Accessed: 2026-11-06
Language: English (en)
Attribution: Bank of England (including the PRA) and Financial Conduct Authority, “DP5/22 - Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning”, 2022-10-11.
Reuse: No open redistribution licence asserted. Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution.
Check notes: Candidate pack passage, AI and money (research/ai-money). The quotation (23 words) matched a fresh retrieval of 2026-11-06. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes, line-break hyphens and Unicode compatibility forms. No human editorial review.

primary sourceSupports the claim

DP5/22 - Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Bank of England · 2022-10-11

Cite the original source

Cite the original document, not Selekoa. Check these details against it.

Source excerpt

“a lack of explainability or transparency in some AI models may mean extra care or actions are needed to ensure full accountability and sufficient oversight.”

Location in source Chapter 2, para 2.17

How it was read Retrieved directly from the publisher

Machine-checked · 2026-11-06

Source details and check notes

Authors: Bank of England (including the PRA) and Financial Conduct Authority
Version: Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-11-02 (SHA-256 657c63bd007f934dc9a66a2b843a838fe60a939d3c66f69357460cef64fafd2f). Retrieved again at admission on 2026-11-06 (SHA-256 fabde4a2e27cacea27129ee7c9c635c6bb0196ea3313c6dfd79a89f88565076d; web pages are served with new markup on each request). HTML of the discussion paper page as served on 2026-11-02
Canonical address: Open the canonical source ↗
Accessed: 2026-11-06
Language: English (en)
Attribution: Bank of England (including the PRA) and Financial Conduct Authority, “DP5/22 - Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning”, 2022-10-11.
Reuse: No open redistribution licence asserted. Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution.
Check notes: Candidate pack passage, AI and money (research/ai-money). The quotation (25 words) matched a fresh retrieval of 2026-11-06. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes, line-break hyphens and Unicode compatibility forms. No human editorial review.

Status and meaning

Editorial status. Machine-checked. Machines found this record and checked it against its sources; no person accepted it individually. Each evidence record above shows how it was checked.

Relation. A passage of the document meets the proposition’s criterion. The record documents what the text states, in its register (fiction and satire are labelled); it is not evidence that the proposition is true and implies no influence on or from another text.

Date. Date of publication, as the text gives it.

Record ID am-u04-boe-2022-dp5-22