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Nourse, “Statement (former Chairman, Council of Economic Advisers), in Automation and Technological Change: Hearings” (1955-10-28) bears on M01. Speaker: Edwin G. Nourse, former Chairman, Council of Economic Advisers (economist). Nourse says the hearings, from Ford's vice president to Vannevar Bush, traced automation as mechanization: new devices, with electronics applied to the control of mechanical and chemical processes. Commenting on Buckingham's four principles, Nourse argues that continuous process is old and that the real change came with electronic feedback control. Copy claim link
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Supporting evidence: primary · 1 source
Date 1955-10-28 · event Role Context Register (kind of text) Nonfiction Missing element (M01-03) Describes the computer's role as substitution of mechanical for mental work; no economic analysis of it as ordinary technical change in this sentence (see M01-05). (M01-04) Nourse distinguishes feedback control technologically; this does not dispute analysing automation as ordinary economic technical change. Tier Tier 1. Prepared statement by an economist (former Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers, shown in the text); a substantive argued statement. Tier 1 by maintainer decision of 2026-10-12 (economist testimony). Conditions (M01-03) Summarises the witnesses' account of 'automation as mechanization'. (M01-04) The newness is technological, in feedback control. He continues: 'It has its roots in mechanization, to be sure, but something new was added.'. Scope and limits (First passage) The passage reports a view the author does not state as their own. On the next page Nourse qualifies the 'just mechanization' view technologically (see the second passage, p. 619), while on p. 621 he treats the economic problem as one of technological progress in general. Read the three passages together. The quote matches the cached .txt. (Second passage) Bears on M01 (relation changed from contests on 2026-10-12): the newness Nourse names is technological, in feedback control; it does not dispute analysing automation as ordinary economic technical change. On the economics (p. 621) he says there is no 'specific economic problem of automation', only the broad problem of technological progress (Nourse's passage recorded as articulating M01). The quote matches the cached .txt.
The evidence 02 primary source Supports the claim
Statement (former Chairman, Council of Economic Advisers), in Automation and Technological Change: Hearings ↗ U.S. Congress, Joint Committee on the Economic Report, Subcommittee on Economic Stabilization. (1955). Automation and technological change: Hearings … 84th Congress, 1st session, October 14–28, 1955. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, from p. 618 · 1955-10-28
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Source excerpt · shown only with its context “The mechanical brain or electronic computer is the central feature of this development, and the practical result is the substitution of mechanical for manual controls at many points in the physical process of production.” Read it with this context. Nourse goes on (p. 619) to say that feedback added 'something new' and that this should dispose of the cliché that automation is just more mechanization. On its own the quote overstates his endorsement of the pure-mechanization view.
Why: Fresh-context audit (A1) judged that the quotation misleads when shown alone.
Location in source printed p. 618 (statement, opening; session of 28 October 1955 with Vannevar Bush)
Machine-checked · 2026-10-14
Source details and check notes Authors Edwin G. Nourse Version Internet Archive OCR text (djvu.txt) of a scanned copy, retrieved 2026-10-09 from https://ia803102.us.archive.org/32/items/congress-automation-and-technological-change/congress-automation-and-technological-changedjvu.txt; OCR errors possible; quotes checked only against clean stretches. Current copy; no earlier capture compared. SHA-256 3962809fbb923be62bf986addb0014ee147934a8767475c1f7cfe051959bff90. Canonical address Open the canonical source ↗ Accessed 2026-10-09 Language English (en) Attribution Edwin G. Nourse, “Statement (former Chairman, Council of Economic Advisers), in Automation and Technological Change: Hearings”, U.S. Congress, Joint Committee on the Economic Report, Subcommittee on Economic Stabilization. (1955). Automation and technological change: Hearings … 84th Congress, 1st session, October 14–28, 1955. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, from p. 618, 1955-10-28. Reuse No open redistribution licence asserted. Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution. Check notes Candidate pack passage M01-03 (research/economics-mainstream). The quotation (34 words) matched the retrieved current copy (SHA-256 3962809fbb923be62bf986addb0014ee147934a8767475c1f7cfe051959bff90) in the pack's verification. Re-checked at admission on 2026-10-14 against a copy retrieved that day. primary source Supports the claim
Statement (former Chairman, Council of Economic Advisers), in Automation and Technological Change: Hearings ↗ U.S. Congress, Joint Committee on the Economic Report, Subcommittee on Economic Stabilization. (1955). Automation and technological change: Hearings … 84th Congress, 1st session, October 14–28, 1955. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, from p. 618 · 1955-10-28
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Source excerpt · shown only with its context “This should dispose of the cliche that automation is nothing new, just more mechanization.” Read it with this context. The 'something new' is the electronic feedback principle (control), not machine cognition. In the same statement (p. 621) Nourse says automation is 'only one inseparable part of the larger problem of technological progress'.
Why: Fresh-context audit (A1) judged that the quotation misleads when shown alone.
Location in source printed p. 619 (statement, 'Four aspects of automation')
Machine-checked · 2026-10-14
Source details and check notes Authors Edwin G. Nourse Version Internet Archive OCR text (djvu.txt) of a scanned copy, retrieved 2026-10-09 from https://ia803102.us.archive.org/32/items/congress-automation-and-technological-change/congress-automation-and-technological-changedjvu.txt; OCR errors possible; quotes checked only against clean stretches. Current copy; no earlier capture compared. SHA-256 3962809fbb923be62bf986addb0014ee147934a8767475c1f7cfe051959bff90. Canonical address Open the canonical source ↗ Accessed 2026-10-09 Language English (en) Attribution Edwin G. Nourse, “Statement (former Chairman, Council of Economic Advisers), in Automation and Technological Change: Hearings”, U.S. Congress, Joint Committee on the Economic Report, Subcommittee on Economic Stabilization. (1955). Automation and technological change: Hearings … 84th Congress, 1st session, October 14–28, 1955. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, from p. 618, 1955-10-28. Reuse No open redistribution licence asserted. Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution. Check notes Candidate pack passage M01-04 (research/economics-mainstream). The quotation (14 words) matched the retrieved current copy (SHA-256 3962809fbb923be62bf986addb0014ee147934a8767475c1f7cfe051959bff90) in the pack's verification. Re-checked at admission on 2026-10-14 against a copy retrieved that day. Status and meaning Editorial status. Not reviewed by an editor . An exploratory record that no editor has accepted. This status does not say whether a person has read any linked passage. Each evidence record above shows how it was checked.
Relation. A passage of the document bears on the proposition without meeting its criterion; the record names the missing element. It is not an articulation and implies no influence.
Date. Hearing day of the statement, as printed. Checked in a current copy; an archive capture was not available, so earlier bytes are not authenticated.
Record ID ec-m01-nourse-1955-automation-hearings-statement-b