Claim and evidence Close ×
Alan Turing’s lecture typescript “Intelligent Machinery, a Heretical Theory” (c. 1951) says that once the machine thinking method had started it would not take long to outstrip human powers, and that at some stage “we should have to expect the machines to take control”, as mentioned in Butler’s Erewhon. Copy claim link
Copy claim reference
Machine-checked Stated in source Supported
Supporting evidence: primary · 1 source
Date 1951 · event Records dated 1951 → Role Articulation Register (kind of text) Nonfiction Scope and limits A conditional forecast: the lecture assumes that thinking machines can be made. The reference to Erewhon is the typescript’s own citation of Butler; it is not evidence of influence and does not carry over Butler’s other arguments. The same sentence is recorded on A1 in the superintelligence collection. Later than Butler’s letter of 1863, which holds the earliest located role.
The evidence 01 primary source Supports the claim
Intelligent Machinery, a Heretical Theory (AMT/B/4) ↗ The Turing Digital Archive, King’s College, Cambridge · Publication date unknown
Archived copy, captured 2023-05-11: Intelligent Machinery, a Heretical Theory (AMT/B/4) ↗
Copy source reference
Cite the original source Cite the original document, not Selekoa. Check these details against it.
Copy APA
Download BibTeX Download RIS Download CSL-JSON
Source excerpt “At some stage therefore we should have to expect the machines to take control, in the way that is mentioned in Samuel Butler's 'Erewhon'.” Location in source Typescript p. 10, final sentence (AMT/B/4/16, scan 16); the same sentence on carbon p. 101 (AMT/B/4/6, scan 6)
How it was read Retrieved directly from the publisher
Machine-checked · 2026-11-02
Source details and check notes Authors Alan M. Turing Version Archive scans of the carbon (p. 101, AMT/B/4/6) and the typescript (p. 10, AMT/B/4/16); the concluding paragraph read on both images for this collection. The carbon carries a typed insertion and a manuscript correction nearby. Canonical address Open the canonical source ↗ Accessed 2026-10-06 Language English (en) Archive copy Open archived copy, captured 2023-05-11: Intelligent Machinery, a Heretical Theory (AMT/B/4) ↗ . No publication date is recorded for this source. An archive copy shows only what the archive retrieved on 2023-05-11. It does not prove what the page said earlier, and it can differ from the copy checked on 2026-10-06.Attribution Alan M. Turing, "Intelligent Machinery, a Heretical Theory", typescript, Turing Digital Archive AMT/B/4, King’s College, Cambridge. Reuse No open redistribution licence asserted; archive scans are provided for research. Page images are not reproduced.. Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution. Check notes Read on the archive’s scan, typescript p. 10 (scan 16), compared with carbon p. 101 (scan 6), by the Turing 1951 lead report of 2026-11-02 (research/turing-1951-lead-2026-11-02/report.md, B4-P1), which gives the passage verbatim; that report, by a model of another family, is the cross-family pass for this record. The session admitting it re-read the passage on the same scan on 2026-11-02. The scan has no text layer. Admitted by the maintainer’s decision of 2026-11-02. No human editorial review. Status and meaning Editorial status. Machine-checked . Machines found this record and checked it against its sources; no person accepted it individually. Each evidence record above shows how it was checked.
Relation. A passage of the document meets the proposition’s criterion. The record documents what the text states, in its register (fiction and satire are labelled); it is not evidence that the proposition is true and implies no influence on or from another text.
Date. Approximate year: the King’s College catalogue dates the lecture typescript (AMT/B/4), a lecture to the ’51 Society at Manchester, c. 1951. No lecture day is established. The wording is dated by the typescript, not by its printing in Philosophia Mathematica (September 1996).
Record ID ht-w01-turing-c1951-heretical-theory