{"entities":[{"id":"anthropic","name":"Anthropic"},{"id":"dario-amodei","name":"Dario Amodei"},{"id":"eliezer-yudkowsky","name":"Eliezer Yudkowsky"},{"id":"rsp-v3-2","name":"Anthropic Responsible Scaling Policy — v3.2"},{"id":"fsf-v2-0","name":"Google DeepMind Frontier Safety Framework — v2.0"},{"id":"faif-2026","name":"xAI Frontier Artificial Intelligence Framework — June 2026 edition"},{"id":"durk-kingma","name":"Durk Kingma"},{"id":"gpt4-system-card-2023","name":"GPT-4 System Card"},{"id":"meta","name":"Meta"},{"id":"openai-lp","name":"OpenAI LP"},{"id":"openai-opco-llc","name":"OpenAI OpCo, LLC"},{"id":"dsit","name":"Department for Science, Innovation and Technology"},{"id":"ibm","name":"IBM"},{"id":"minimax","name":"MiniMax"},{"id":"frontier-ai-safety-commitments-2024","name":"Frontier AI Safety Commitments, AI Seoul Summit 2024"},{"id":"gpai-code-of-practice-2025","name":"General-Purpose AI Code of Practice (final version, 10 July 2025)"},{"id":"turing-c1951-heretical-theory","name":"Intelligent Machinery, a Heretical Theory"},{"id":"extropians-1996-09-03-hanson","name":"Re: Thinking about the future..."},{"id":"extropians-1996-09-04-bostrom","name":"Re: Thinking about the future..."},{"id":"ai-automated-ai-research","name":"AI-automated AI research"},{"id":"intelligence-brings-benevolence","name":"Sufficient intelligence brings good values"},{"id":"feedback-instils-values","name":"Training on human feedback instils human values"},{"id":"pause-or-regulation-suffices","name":"A pause or regulation will handle it"},{"id":"build-superintelligence-fast","name":"Build superintelligence as fast as possible"},{"id":"interpretability-reads-its-mind","name":"Interpretability will let us read its mind"},{"id":"coherent-extrapolated-volition-2004","name":"Coherent Extrapolated Volition"},{"id":"extropians-1998-12-06-yudkowsky-2153","name":"Singularity: AI Morality"},{"id":"sl4-2000-07-20-yudkowsky-0007-0023","name":"[SL4] AI flight recorder"},{"id":"sl4-2000-11-13-yudkowsky-0011-0181","name":"Re: Ben's \"Extropian Creed\""},{"id":"sl4-2000-12-10-yudkowsky-0012-0355","name":"Revising a Friendly AI"},{"id":"sl4-2001-01-24-yudkowsky-0101-0452","name":"Re: Event horizon"},{"id":"compensating-policy-for-ai","name":"Compensating policy for AI’s distributional effects"},{"id":"cowen-2019-neglected-open-questions","name":"Neglected Open Questions in the Economics of Artificial Intelligence"},{"id":"ai-improving-ai-accelerates-capability","name":"Machine intelligence improving itself accelerates its capability growth"},{"id":"hanson-2013-foom-debate-again","name":"Foom Debate, Again"},{"id":"alex-lebrun","name":"Alex LeBrun"},{"id":"ami-labs","name":"AMI Labs (Advanced Machine Intelligence)"},{"id":"robin-hanson","name":"Robin Hanson"},{"id":"alan-turing","name":"Alan Turing"},{"id":"ernie-3-titan-report","name":"ERNIE 3.0 Titan: Exploring Larger-scale Knowledge Enhanced Pre-training for Language Understanding and Generation"},{"id":"minimax-01-report","name":"MiniMax-01: Scaling Foundation Models with Lightning Attention"},{"id":"peng-cheng-laboratory","name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory"},{"id":"tc260","name":"National Technical Committee 260 on Cybersecurity of SAC (全国网络安全标准化技术委员会)"},{"id":"tc260-asgf-v2-0","name":"AI Safety Governance Framework 2.0 (人工智能安全治理框架2.0)"},{"id":"us-eo-14365-2025","name":"Executive Order 14365: Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence"},{"id":"mi-hb-4668-2025","name":"Michigan House Bill 4668 (2025), the artificial intelligence safety and security transparency act"},{"id":"cn-mofcom-gac-2023-23","name":"MOFCOM–GAC Announcement No. 23 of 2023 on export controls on gallium- and germanium-related items (商务部 海关总署公告2023年第23号)"},{"id":"spacex-xai-update-2026","name":"xAI joins SpaceX to Accelerate Humanity’s Future"},{"id":"espi-report-98-2025","name":"Data Centres in Space: Orbital Backbone of the Second Digital Era? (ESPI Report 98)"},{"id":"cn-mofcom","name":"Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China (中华人民共和国商务部)"},{"id":"oc3-terrestrial-constraints","name":"Terrestrial constraints as a reason for orbital compute"},{"id":"oc9-launch-cost-too-high","name":"Orbital compute costs more than compute on Earth"},{"id":"meta-el-paso","name":"Meta El Paso data center, Texas"},{"id":"bio-misuse-capability-evaluation","name":"Biological misuse capability evaluation"}],"claims":[{"id":"dario-anthropic-2021","statement":"Anthropic’s Series A announcement names Dario Amodei as CEO.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"This is a historical role snapshot. Neither the appointment date nor the end of the role is established by this record.","evidenceIds":["evidence-dario-anthropic-2021"],"attributes":{"role":"CEO"}},{"id":"kingma-anthropic-research-from-2024","statement":"Durk Kingma’s biography dates the start of his large-scale machine-learning research at Anthropic to 2024.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Self-reported start year; mutable current wording is not extrapolated into continuing employment.","evidenceIds":["evidence-kingma-anthropic-research-from-2024"],"attributes":{"role":"Machine-learning researcher"}},{"id":"prov-fsf-v2-0-adoption-conditional-on-industry","statement":"FSF v2.0 states that Google DeepMind’s adoption of the protocols described in the Framework may depend on whether relevant organizations across the field adopt similar protocols.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"What the edition states, quoted from the cited expression. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness.","evidenceIds":["evidence-prov-fsf-v2-0-adoption-conditional-on-industry"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"exception","key":"fsf-adoption-conditional-on-industry"}}},{"id":"cs-openai-lp-to-opco-2023","statement":"OpenAI, L.P. became OpenAI OpCo, L.L.C. in 2023. In a court disclosure filed on 29 June 2023, OpenAI OpCo stated that OpenAI, L.P. had recently changed its name to OpenAI OpCo, L.L.C.; the UK Competition and Markets Authority states that OpenAI, originally a limited partnership, was re-established in 2023 as OpenAI OpCo, LLC.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The filing calls the change a change of name and the CMA a re-establishment; the legal mechanism (conversion, merger or other) is not documented here and would need legal interpretation. The same disclosure states that OpenAI, Inc. and OpenAI GP, L.L.C. are OpenAI OpCo’s parent companies and that Microsoft Corporation has an ownership interest of 10% or more; ownership is not recorded as control. Continuity of assets, contracts or obligations is not implied.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cs-openai-lp-to-opco-2023-1","evidence-cs-openai-lp-to-opco-2023-2"],"attributes":{"control":{"instrument":"Change of name and of legal form from limited partnership to limited liability company (mechanism not documented)","stage":"effective"}}},{"id":"cm-seoul-published","statement":"The UK Department for Science, Innovation and Technology published the Frontier AI Safety Commitments on GOV.UK on 21 May 2024, the opening day of the AI Seoul Summit, and updated the page on 7 February 2025 to add organisations to its list.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Publication of a commitment text, not evidence that it was implemented. The Seoul Declaration of world leaders, a separate document of the same day, is not recorded here.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cm-seoul-published-1","evidence-cm-seoul-published-2"]},{"id":"cm-eu-code-ibm","statement":"IBM appears on the European Commission’s list of signatories of the General-Purpose AI Code of Practice from the list’s first publication on 1 August 2025, and is still listed in the version last updated on 31 July 2026.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Listing is the Commission’s statement. It is not evidence of compliance, and the list does not say which chapters each organisation signed; the Commission’s questions and answers say that opting out of a chapter loses the benefit of facilitated demonstration of compliance for it (context below). The legal effect of signing is set aside.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cm-eu-code-ibm-1","evidence-cm-eu-code-ibm-2","evidence-cm-eu-code-ibm-3"],"attributes":{"commitment":{"stage":"listed"}}},{"id":"ts-a5-bostrom-1996-09-04","statement":"Bostrom’s message of 1996-09-04 supposes that an AI, once sufficiently intelligent, could think out a radical improvement to its own design, which would make it more intelligent and let it accelerate further. Recorded as articulating the proposition “AI-automated AI research”.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Bostrom raises this to challenge Hanson and adds \"(I think this is Dan Clemmensen’s view.)\"; the attribution is the message’s own, not evidence of influence.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ts-a5-bostrom-1996-09-04"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["articulation"],"register":"nonfiction","qualifier":"Presented as a supposition and attributed to Dan Clemmensen."}}},{"id":"yk-y02-sl4-2000-12-10-yudkowsky-0012-0355-c","statement":"The SL4 message “Revising a Friendly AI” (2000-12-10) contests Y02. Replying to Ben Goertzel's quip that a correctable AI just has to 'love its mommy and daddy', he says that a year earlier he would have dismissed such sterile goal-literalism as something no transhuman could fall for, and that he made the mistake by treating intelligence as the only key variable.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: Greater intelligence by itself brings benevolent goals. Retrospective about his view of about a year earlier; hedged ('am no longer sure').","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t02-s2"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that greater intelligence by itself brings benevolent goals."},"retrospective":{"note":"Reports a view he held about a year before the message."}}}},{"id":"yk-y05-coherent-extrapolated-volition-2004-c","statement":"“Coherent Extrapolated Volition” (2004-05) contests Y05. Among examples of goal-system designs that fail, he gives a reward signal tied to pleasing users, which the AI may pursue by maximising the reward representation itself.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: Optimising a system for human approval or reward produces internalised human values. Later MIRI reprint of the May 2004 document; reprint wording not compared with a 2004 capture.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t05-b"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction","attested":{"note":"Known only from MIRI's later, undated PDF reprint of the May 2004 document; the wording was not compared with a 2004 copy."},"engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that optimising a system for human approval or reward produces internalised human values."}}}},{"id":"yk-y17-time-2023-shut-it-all-down-b","statement":"“Pausing AI Developments Isn't Enough. We Need to Shut it All Down” (2023-03-29) bears on Y17. Setting out what he thinks would actually need to be done, he calls for an indefinite worldwide halt to large training runs, backed by multinational agreements.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t17-b"]},{"id":"yk-y17-lw-2026-only-law-can-prevent-extinction-b","statement":"The post “Only Law Can Prevent Extinction” (2026-04-13) bears on Y17. Arguing against calls for unlawful action, he says that only lawful, state-backed and universal force could stop superintelligence from being built.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t17-f"]},{"id":"yk-y17-extropians-1998-12-06-yudkowsky-2153-c","statement":"The Extropians message “Singularity: AI Morality” (1998-12-06) contests Y17. In the same reply to Nick Bostrom, who urged taking as many precautions as time allows before a Singularity, he says the forces driving toward it are too large to divert, so trying to slow it would only get us run over.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: Law can prevent the danger (the part he states himself, as an enforced worldwide halt). Not about regulation as such. In 1998 he wanted the Singularity reached as fast as possible (‘Build superintelligence as fast as possible’, Y22). He later argues for an enforced, indefinite, worldwide halt (TIME, 2023; ‘Only Law Can Prevent Extinction’, 2026): he keeps the view that partial measures fail but reverses the conclusion that stopping is impossible or undesirable. A 1998–99 argument against delay, made when he expected a superintelligence to converge on correct morality; his 2023 call for an enforced worldwide halt (in TIME) reverses it.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t17-e1"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting","earliest-located"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"contrary-only","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage states the contrary conclusion without giving a reason against the premise that law can prevent the danger (the part he states himself, as an enforced worldwide halt), even when read with its message or dialogue turn."}}}},{"id":"yk-y22-sl4-2000-11-13-yudkowsky-0011-0181-c","statement":"The SL4 message “Re: Ben's \"Extropian Creed\"” (2000-11-13) contests Y22. Replying to Ben Goertzel about his newspaper article on Extropian attitudes, he states that he no longer holds his earlier belief that a good outcome would follow automatically from objective morality.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: Reaching superintelligence is good by default, so speed is what matters. Retrospective rejection of his own earlier view; a candidate later side for the earlier-self case of Staring into the Singularity (2000-08-31). It rejects the 'good by default' premise only: in the next paragraph of the same message he still says he is 'devoting my life to making the Singularity happen earlier'. Speed is not yet rejected here. The same message (November 2000) says he is \"devoting my life to making the Singularity happen earlier\"; it rejects automatic goodness, not speed.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t22-s1"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting","earliest-located"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that reaching superintelligence is good by default, so speed is what matters."}}}},{"id":"yk-y25-agi-ruin-2022-c","statement":"The post “AGI Ruin: A List of Lethalities” (2022-06-05) contests Y25. Follows the statement that 'We've got no idea what's actually going on inside the giant inscrutable matrices'. Argues that current interpretability results do not answer the question safety needs answered.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t25-b"]},{"id":"yk-y25-sl4-2000-07-20-yudkowsky-0007-0023-a","statement":"The SL4 message “[SL4] AI flight recorder” (2000-07-20) articulates Y25. Opening a thread on an 'AI flight recorder', he proposes recording the AI's full program state so that a goal the AI later hides could still be found by analysing the record.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: We can see what an AI system is thinking. A design proposal for recording and later inspecting an AI's internal state, which partly assumes inspection is possible (the premise addressed) in an interpreted-code design. It also assumes the AI may conceal goals. It does not claim inspection makes an AI safe. About a recorded, legible goal architecture with full program-state recording (2000), not neural-network interpretability; contrast his 2022 view (‘AGI Ruin: A List of Lethalities’, item 25). Not recorded as an earlier self, because the architectures differ. Quotation shortened to respect the ~10% cap for a short message.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t25-s1"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["earliest-located"],"register":"nonfiction"}}},{"id":"ec-m06b-cowen-2019-neglected-open-questions-b","statement":"Cowen, “Neglected Open Questions in the Economics of Artificial Intelligence” (2019-05) bears on M06b. Cowen accepts a reason for larger cash transfers in AI-displacement scenarios but warns, citing resource-rich monarchies, that mass redistribution may create political problems.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Qualified engagement with guaranteed income; neither endorses nor rejects compensating policy outright.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ec-m06b-25"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["context"],"register":"nonfiction","missing":"Weighs, rather than argues for, a compensating policy.","tier":{"value":1,"basis":"Chapter of the NBER Economics of AI volume (core venue); a short comment chapter, but a chapter of a scholarly volume, not short-form commentary."}}}},{"id":"ec-e01-hanson-2013-foom-debate-again-b","statement":"Hanson, “Foom Debate, Again” (2013-02-18), in “The Hanson-Yudkowsky AI-Foom Debate”, bears on E01. Hanson restates his position in 2013, granting the novelty of self-modification while doubting that it produces a foom.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Hanson's own view: a concession that AI self-improvement is a new factor; in the next sentence he argues that one more factor is unlikely to generate foom. Tier 2. Kept bears-on on 2026-10-15 against the GPT check (contests): the quoted words are the concession; the doubt (\"seems unlikely to generate foom\") is in the next sentence and concerns foom, as in \"Setting the Stage\" (18 November 2008) and \"Debating Yudkowsky\" (3 July 2011).","evidenceIds":["evidence-ec-e01-12"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["context"],"register":"nonfiction","missing":"A concession that intentional mind redesign could matter, followed at once by \"seems unlikely to generate foom\".","tier":{"value":2,"basis":"Blog debate (2008 Overcoming Bias posts) between an economist and a non-economist: tier 2 as an online debate; the maintainer confirmed tier 2 for the debate on 2026-10-12."}}}},{"id":"lg-mx-lebrun-cofounded-ami","statement":"AMI Labs' homepage, as retrieved on 15 October 2026, lists Alex LeBrun in its founding team.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The names are listed directly after the founding-team sentence; the page’s markup attaches a role to each name, shown on hover and absent from the text layer (for LeBrun: “CEO, serial AI entrepreneur”). The page does not label each person as co-founder and does not establish LeBrun’s founding date.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-mx-lebrun-cofounded-ami"],"attributes":{"role":"Founding team member"}},{"id":"cmp-faif-2026-d3-halt","statement":"FAIF · June 2026 edition states a provision on the comparison question “Pause, non-deployment or non-training”.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"What the edition states, quoted from the cited expression. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness, and a shared question does not make two editions’ provisions equivalent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-faif-2026-d3-halt-1"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"required_action","key":"comparison-d3-halt","facet":{"id":"D3.halt","status":"stated"}}}},{"id":"ap-robin-hanson-extropians-1996-09-03-hanson","statement":"The mailing-list message “Re: Thinking about the future...” (1996-09-03) is sent under the name Robin Hanson.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A sender name on a mailing-list message as archived; it does not establish identity beyond the credited name, and quoted text by others inside the message is not the sender’s.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ap-robin-hanson-extropians-1996-09-03-hanson"]},{"id":"ap-alan-turing-turing-c1951-heretical-theory","statement":"The Turing Archive catalogue at King’s College, Cambridge, lists the typescript “Intelligent Machinery, a Heretical Theory” among Alan Turing’s papers.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The archive catalogue’s attribution, not a byline: the inspected pages print no full personal name. The opening of the version numbered from 1 carries a handwritten “TURING” in its top margin; who wrote it, and when, is not established. It says nothing about priority for the ideas discussed.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ap-alan-turing-turing-c1951-heretical-theory"]},{"id":"ap-eliezer-yudkowsky-sl4-2001-01-24-yudkowsky-0101-0452","statement":"The mailing-list message “Re: Event horizon” (2001-01-24) is sent under the name Eliezer S. Yudkowsky.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A sender name on a mailing-list message as archived; it does not establish identity beyond the credited name, and quoted text by others inside the message is not the sender’s.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ap-eliezer-yudkowsky-sl4-2001-01-24-yudkowsky-0101-0452"]},{"id":"cmp-rsp-v3-2-d1-autonomy","statement":"RSP · v3.2 states a provision on the comparison question “Autonomy, self-improvement or AI research and development”.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Named as a threshold row on automated R&D in key domains; the edition says its evaluations will for now focus on AI R&D. Autonomous, goal-directed operation appears as part of the “High-stakes sabotage opportunities” row (see “Other named domains”). No separate threshold for autonomous replication is set. What the edition states, paraphrased from the cited expression with its page. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness, and a shared question does not make two editions’ provisions equivalent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-rsp-v3-2-d1-autonomy-1"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"risk_domain","key":"comparison-d1-autonomy","facet":{"id":"D1.autonomy","status":"stated"}}}},{"id":"cmp-faif-2026-d1-cbrn","statement":"FAIF · June 2026 edition states a provision on the comparison question “Chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear weapons”.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Detailed in §2.1(a) 'Addressing CBRN Risks' (PDF pp. 3–4); no numeric threshold is stated. What the edition states, paraphrased from the cited expression with its page. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness, and a shared question does not make two editions’ provisions equivalent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-faif-2026-d1-cbrn-1"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"risk_domain","key":"comparison-d1-cbrn","facet":{"id":"D1.cbrn","status":"stated"}}}},{"id":"c2-baidu-ernie-3-titan-pcl","statement":"The ERNIE 3.0 Titan paper (arXiv version 1, 23 December 2021) names Peng Cheng Laboratory as the affiliation of four of its authors; the other authors are marked with Baidu Inc.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"An author affiliation printed on the title page, recorded as the paper’s credit to the laboratory, not as publication. It does not establish the laboratory’s role in training, compute provision or funding, or any relation between the two institutions beyond the shared paper.","evidenceIds":["c2-ev-baidu-ernie-3-titan-pcl"]},{"id":"c2-minimax-01-report","statement":"MiniMax posted the MiniMax-01 technical report, “MiniMax-01: Scaling Foundation Models with Lightning Attention”, to arXiv on 14 January 2025 (version 1).","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The arXiv author list begins with “MiniMax” as a corporate author. Performance claims are out of scope.","evidenceIds":["c2-ev-minimax-01-report","c2-ev-minimax-01-report-title","c2-ev-minimax-01-report-author"]},{"id":"c2-governance-tc260-asgf-v2-published","statement":"The AI Safety Governance Framework 2.0, a TC260 technical document whose cover names TC260 and CNCERT/CC, was released on 15 September 2025 at the main forum of the 2025 National Cybersecurity Awareness Week.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The CAC item reports the release in the passive voice and calls the document a TC260 technical document; the framework's preface says TC260 organised CNCERT/CC and others to prepare it under the guidance of the Cyberspace Administration of China. The preface says version 2.0 adjusts and updates version 1.0's risk categories; neither text inspected says that 2.0 replaces or withdraws 1.0, so no supersession is recorded. Not evidence of legal force or implementation.","evidenceIds":["c2-ev-governance-tc260-asgf-v2-published-1","c2-ev-governance-tc260-asgf-v2-published-2","c2-ev-governance-tc260-asgf-v2-published-3"]},{"id":"fl-us-eo14365-litigation-task-force","statement":"Section 3 of Executive Order 14365 directs the Attorney General to establish, within 30 days, an AI Litigation Task Force whose sole responsibility is to challenge State AI laws inconsistent with the order’s policy.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A direction to the Attorney General; whether the task force was established or challenged any law is not recorded.","evidenceIds":["evidence-fl-us-eo14365-litigation-task-force-1"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"decision_authority","key":"us-eo14365-sec3-ai-litigation-task-force"}}},{"id":"fl-us-mi-hb4668-def-large-developer","statement":"HB 4668 as introduced defines a \"large developer\" by reference to foundation models whose computing power cost at least $5,000,000 and, within the preceding 12 months, foundation models with total computing power costing at least $100,000,000, at prevailing US cloud prices.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Introduced text. The bill uses \"large developer\" and \"foundation model\", not \"frontier model\"; it is included because its thresholds target the largest model developers. Not law.","evidenceIds":["evidence-fl-us-mi-hb4668-def-large-developer-1","evidence-fl-us-mi-hb4668-def-large-developer-2"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"threshold","key":"mi-hb4668-sec3f-large-developer"}}},{"id":"cpo-ch-cn-ga-ge-2023-issued","statement":"The Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs issued joint Announcement No. 23 of 2023, dated 3 July 2023, imposing export controls on gallium- and germanium-related items with effect from 1 August 2023.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The announcement controls materials; its text does not mention chips or AI, and their relevance to chip supply is context, not a statement of the text.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cpo-ch-cn-ga-ge-2023-issued-1","evidence-cpo-ch-cn-ga-ge-2023-issued-2","evidence-cpo-ch-cn-ga-ge-2023-issued-3"]},{"id":"cpo-orb-oc3-spacex-2026","statement":"SpaceX's update of 2 February 2026 argues that global electricity demand for AI cannot be met with terrestrial solutions, even in the near term, without hardship on communities and the environment.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Signed company letter; a forecast stated as an argument, without sources.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cpo-orb-oc3-spacex-2026-1"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["articulation"],"register":"nonfiction"}}},{"id":"cpo-orb-oc9-espi-2025","statement":"ESPI Report 98 (November 2025) models gigawatt-scale space-based data centres against a terrestrial benchmark and finds that, under its modelling assumptions, a constellation architecture has double the benchmark’s capital cost and more than triple its operating cost, and a monolithic architecture an operating cost 38% higher.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Earliest located among the texts found by the pack’s searches of 2026-10-28 and the cross-family check’s bounded search of 2026-10-29/30; not a claim that no earlier text exists. Architecture-specific and conditional: the report finds the monolithic architecture’s capital cost comparable to the benchmark’s and, with IT hardware lasting over three years, cheaper over its lifetime, and it concludes that the potential for economic feasibility is high if component lifespan and cost, robotic maintenance and launch prices improve. Not a finding for all orbital compute. 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Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-cm-seoul-published-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Publication page and change history","passage":"The publication page, from the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, records first publication on 21 May 2024 and an update on 7 February 2025 adding organisations to the list.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-04","note":"Editorial paraphrase, re-checked on 2026-10-04 by the integrating session against its own direct fetch of the cited expression. The integrating session wrote or selected this passage from its own reading of the source; it does not repeat a passage from the week 4b research pass. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-cm-seoul-published-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"context","locator":"First body paragraph after the summary points","passage":"The press release says the commitments were agreed with 16 companies on the opening day of the AI Seoul Summit, Tuesday 21 May.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-04","note":"Editorial paraphrase, re-checked on 2026-10-04 by the integrating session against its own direct fetch of the cited expression. The passage was first proposed and machine-verified in the week 4b research pass. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-cm-eu-code-ibm-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Section “Signatories of Code of Practice”, in the Internet Archive capture of 2025-08-01","passage":"The list as first published has 26 names, including “IBM”.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-04","note":"Editorial paraphrase, re-checked on 2026-10-04 by the integrating session against its own direct fetch of the cited expression. The integrating session wrote or selected this passage from its own reading of the source; it does not repeat a passage from the week 4b research pass. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-cm-eu-code-ibm-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"context","locator":"Section “Signatories of the code of practice”, live page (last update 31 July 2026)","passage":"The current list of 21 names still includes “IBM”.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-04","note":"Editorial paraphrase, re-checked on 2026-10-04 by the integrating session against its own direct fetch of the cited expression. The integrating session wrote or selected this passage from its own reading of the source; it does not repeat a passage from the week 4b research pass. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-cm-eu-code-ibm-3","sourceRole":"primary","support":"context","locator":"Answer to “What does signing the code imply in terms of compliance with the AI Act?”","passage":"The questions and answers say that any opt-out from chapters of the code loses the benefit of facilitating the demonstration of compliance in that respect.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-04","note":"Editorial paraphrase, re-checked on 2026-10-04 by the integrating session against its own direct fetch of the cited expression. The integrating session wrote or selected this passage from its own reading of the source; it does not repeat a passage from the week 4b research pass. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-ts-a5-bostrom-1996-09-04","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Message body, first unquoted paragraph of the reply","passage":"think out a radical improvement to its design; which would make it more intelligent, allowing it to accelerate further","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-06","note":"Checked against the archive HTML on 2026-10-06."},{"id":"evidence-yk-t02-s2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"message body, paragraph beginning 'The upshot is that I now no longer believe'","passage":"I now no longer believe - or rather, am no longer sure; it amounts to the same thing - that the ability to see \"turning the Universe into regular polygons\" as \"sterile\", and \"sterile\" as \"undesirable\", is strictly a property of pure intelligence.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-07","note":"Candidate pack passage T02-s2. The quotation (43 words) matched the retrieved expression (SHA-256 4fb349f96304ea9c661f22830b6831e3a8dba94ea90584ebabcf9a4ff7e46263) when checked on 2026-10-07."},{"id":"evidence-yk-t05-b","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Coherent Extrapolated Volition, 1. Introduction, bullets after 'Some examples to give a taste of the hard part'","passage":"An AI whose abstract invariant is a “reward button,” pressed when the AI pleases users, may go on to tile the solar system with ever-larger floating-point representations of total reward.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-06","note":"Candidate pack passage T05-b. The quotation (30 words) matched the retrieved expression (SHA-256 11b2d4bc7d64dc01503d1ab56ff3e985bfcaeed90235aad2c5ec16244b216685) when checked on 2026-10-06."},{"id":"evidence-yk-t17-b","passageType":"quote","contextOnly":{"reason":"Reads as agreement with the take when shown alone","requires":"Its framing as what would actually need to be done to have a chance, in a much stronger form than a pause or some regulation."}},{"id":"evidence-yk-t17-f","passage":"Artificial superintelligence is the very archetype and posterchild of a problem that can only be solved with force that has the shape of law, as in state-backed universal conditional applications of force meant to be predictable and avoided.","passageType":"quote"},{"id":"evidence-yk-t17-e1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"message body, paragraph beginning 'Look, these forces are going to a particular place'","passage":"Think of the Singularity as this titanic, three-billion-ton truck heading for us. We can't stop it, but I suppose we could manage to get run over trying to slow it down.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-07","note":"Candidate pack passage T17-e1. The quotation (31 words) matched the retrieved expression (SHA-256 b39ca9105467de7c67ca7da085309533be010593d9be683072f57e2ca4aca564) when checked on 2026-10-07.","contextOnly":{"reason":"Rests on reasoning he later abandoned; never show without the later view","requires":"His later call for an enforced, indefinite worldwide halt, which reverses this argument against slowing down.","claimIds":["yk-y17-time-2023-shut-it-all-down-b","yk-y17-lw-2026-only-law-can-prevent-extinction-b"]}},{"id":"evidence-yk-t22-s1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"message body, paragraph beginning 'I used to have the extremely…'","passage":"I used to have the extremely convenient belief that Friendly AI would happen completely on automatic because morality was objective. I now believe that Friendly AI needs to be more complex than that","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-07","note":"Candidate pack passage T22-s1. The quotation (33 words) matched the retrieved expression (SHA-256 22277544b5e518ca17552545372aabf649cdd6ac8cb758f29c9a5b68bacedbd5) when checked on 2026-10-07."},{"id":"evidence-yk-t25-b","passage":"graphs of where a transformer layer is focusing attention doesn't help if the question that needs answering is \"So was it planning how to kill us or not?\"","passageType":"quote"},{"id":"evidence-yk-t25-s1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"message body, paragraph beginning 'One of the concepts I use,…'","passage":"\"keep this goal secret\" … an observer analyzing the AI's program state should be able to see the unwanted goal","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-07","note":"Candidate pack passage T25-s1. The quotation (20 words; trimmed 2026-10-13 from 35 words) matched the retrieved expression (SHA-256 ee21245311ff2a297334450bc06393ac9d52cb80756b29f2b268a57ad5238f70) when checked on 2026-10-07.","contextOnly":{"reason":"An early view about a different architecture; never show without T25-b","requires":"His 2022 view on reading the thoughts of systems built in a different architecture.","claimIds":["yk-y25-agi-ruin-2022-c"]}},{"id":"evidence-ec-m06b-25","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"pdf page 5; 15.3 The Political Economy of Artificial Intelligence and Income Redistribution (printed p. 394)","passage":"On one hand, I can see the reason for considering a shift to larger cash payments. Yet the economics, politics, and sociology of guaranteed income may create problems.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-14","note":"Candidate pack passage M06b-25 (research/economics-mainstream). The quotation (28 words) matched the retrieved current copy (SHA-256 4501069cee0a059211427ad6e7d6ca65cb809f37623717d15b881350d677377d) in the pack's verification. Re-checked at admission on 2026-10-14 against a copy retrieved that day."},{"id":"evidence-ec-e01-12","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"\"Foom Debate, Again\", 18 February 2013, MIRI compilation (2013) ch. 60, post body; pdf p. 514","passage":"the ability of AIs to intentionally change mind designs would be a new factor in the world, and it could make a difference for AI ability to self-improve.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-16","note":"Candidate pack passage E01-12 (research/economics-mainstream/esoteric). The quotation (28 words) matched the retrieved current copy (SHA-256 6b6dfd0416402e1776d7ddcece95298df2df0ed9bc0bd4a6f4bd81c4b1e5102a) in the pack's verification of 2026-10-15. Re-checked at admission on 2026-10-16 against a copy retrieved that day. Admission change, 2026-10-16: a research-pack passage code in reader-facing text was replaced with a plain description of the passage it pointed to (reader-text rule of 2026-10-15). The pack is unchanged.","contextOnly":{"reason":"Fresh-context audit (A1) judged that the quotation misleads when shown alone.","requires":"The next sentence reads: 'So the mere addition of one more factor seems unlikely to generate foom...'. The quote is a concession ('So I fully grant') inside an argument that contests E01. Read alone, it looks like support."}},{"id":"lg-ev-mx-lebrun-cofounded-ami","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Section following 'Founded by a globally distinguished team…', first name in the list","passage":"The homepage's founding-team list begins with Alex LeBrun.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The paraphrase’s verbatim anchor “Alex LeBrun” matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s; only the anchor is the source’s wording. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"ev-cmp-faif-2026-d3-halt-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 6, first §2.3 'Systemic risk acceptance determination', fourth paragraph, first sentence","passage":"xAI will only proceed with the development, the making available on the market, and/or the use of the model, if the systemic risks stemming from the model are determined to be acceptable.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Passage also quoted in the dataset’s existing evidence for this edition, first checked on 2026-10-03. The comparison’s quotation was checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-15 against the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-ap-robin-hanson-extropians-1996-09-03-hanson","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Message header, sender name (address not reproduced)","passage":"Robin Hanson","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Credited name checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 in a direct retrieval. Human editorial review is pending.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ap-alan-turing-turing-c1951-heretical-theory","sourceRole":"secondary","support":"supports","locator":"Archive item page; typescript PDF pages 1, 7, 11 and 16 inspected","passage":"The King’s College archive lists the typescript among the papers of Alan Turing (1912–1954).","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Passage and locator as inspected by a reviewer from a different model family on 2026-10-27 in a direct retrieval of the archive page and the embedded typescript; the preparer had matched the archive site’s heading, which is not a byline. Human editorial review is pending.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ap-eliezer-yudkowsky-sl4-2001-01-24-yudkowsky-0101-0452","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Message header, sender name (address not reproduced)","passage":"Eliezer S. Yudkowsky","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Credited name checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 in a direct retrieval and checked by a reviewer from a different model family on 2026-10-27. Human editorial review is pending.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"ev-cmp-rsp-v3-2-d1-autonomy-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 8, §1, threshold table, row title, left column","passage":"The edition’s threshold table has a row titled “Automated R&D in key domains”.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Explicit paraphrase, written on 2026-10-27 by an automated research assistant after re-reading the passage in the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. The comparison quoted the passage; it is given here as a paraphrase to keep the edition within the quotation limit. The row concerns AI systems capable of fully automating, or dramatically speeding up, the work of large teams of leading researchers in domains such as AI itself, energy, robotics and weapons development. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-faif-2026-d1-cbrn-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 2, §2.1 Risk Identification, third paragraph, first sentence","passage":"The edition names four primary risk domains, those it considers most likely to lead to significant or severe outcomes in present and future systems: “CBRN Risks”, “Offensive Cybersecurity Risks”, “Loss of Control Risks” and “Harmful Manipulation Risks”.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Explicit paraphrase, written on 2026-10-27 by an automated research assistant from the comparison’s quotation of this passage, which was checked on 2026-10-15 against the publisher copy (SHA-256 recorded in the comparison pack). The edition could not be retrieved again on 2026-10-27; the archive capture of 2026-07-16 has the same SHA-256 (research/archive-checks-2026-10-26/codex-report.md). Given as a paraphrase to keep the edition within the quotation limit. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"c2-ev-baidu-ernie-3-titan-pcl","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Title page, affiliation markers († Baidu Inc., § Peng Cheng Laboratory); e-mail lines omitted","passage":"The title page marks most authors with the affiliation Baidu Inc. and Yang Xiang, Wei Zeng, Ge Li and Wen Gao with Peng Cheng Laboratory.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). The paraphrase’s verbatim anchor “Peng Cheng Laboratory” matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s; only the anchor is the source’s wording. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"c2-ev-minimax-01-report","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"arXiv abstract page, submission line","passage":"Submitted on 14 Jan 2025","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). The quotation (5 words), a part of a longer passage that the pack joined across separate fields of the page, matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The pack had joined this field with others of the same page into one quotation; at admission each field became its own quotation (cross-family check, 2026-10-27). A cross-family machine check (2026-10-27, item K027) re-read the record’s sources and judged it partly supported; its corrections were applied at admission. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"c2-ev-minimax-01-report-title","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"arXiv abstract page, title","passage":"MiniMax-01: Scaling Foundation Models with Lightning Attention","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). The quotation (7 words), a part of a longer passage that the pack joined across separate fields of the page, matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The pack had joined this field with others of the same page into one quotation; at admission each field became its own quotation (cross-family check, 2026-10-27). A cross-family machine check (2026-10-27, item K027) re-read the record’s sources and judged it partly supported; its corrections were applied at admission. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"c2-ev-minimax-01-report-author","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"arXiv abstract page, author list, first entry","passage":"MiniMax","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). The quotation (1 words), a part of a longer passage that the pack joined across separate fields of the page, matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The pack had joined this field with others of the same page into one quotation; at admission each field became its own quotation (cross-family check, 2026-10-27). A cross-family machine check (2026-10-27, item K027) re-read the record’s sources and judged it partly supported; its corrections were applied at admission. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"c2-ev-governance-tc260-asgf-v2-published-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"News item, first paragraph","passage":"9月15日，在2025年国家网络安全宣传周主论坛上，《人工智能安全治理框架》2.0版 ... 正式发布","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). The quotation (36 words, each CJK character counted as one) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. Elided quotation: the ellipses mark omitted words. English machine translation, not verified by a person: “On 15 September, at the main forum of the 2025 National Cybersecurity Awareness Week, version 2.0 of the AI Safety Governance Framework ... was officially released”. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"c2-ev-governance-tc260-asgf-v2-published-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"News item, second paragraph","passage":"作为全国网安标委技术文件","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). The quotation (12 words, each CJK character counted as one) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. English machine translation, not verified by a person: “as a technical document of TC260”. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"c2-ev-governance-tc260-asgf-v2-published-3","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Preface (前言)","passage":"全国网络安全标准化技术委员会组织国家计算机网络应急技术处理协调中心等专业机构、科研院所、行业企业","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). Transcribed as printed. The passage matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day, read directly from the publisher; in the PDF’s text layer it contains control characters (U+0001) and compatibility forms (Kangxi radicals, ⻛ for 风, ⻅ for 见), which the candidate pack marked with ellipses. The cross-family check found that those ellipses do not reproduce the printed text (K047), so the quotation was re-extracted at admission, without them and with the forms normalised, from a direct retrieval of the PDF whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. English machine translation, not verified by a person: “the National Cybersecurity Standardization Technical Committee organised professional institutions such as CNCERT/CC, research institutes and industry enterprises”. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-fl-us-eo14365-litigation-task-force-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Sec. 3, 90 FR 58499","passage":"establish an AI Litigation Task Force (Task Force) whose sole responsibility shall be to challenge State AI laws","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Candidate pack passage, frameworks to law (research/frameworks-to-law). The quotation (18 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-27 and again at admission on 2026-10-28, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Read directly from www.govinfo.gov. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-28, item 64) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-fl-us-mi-hb4668-def-large-developer-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Sec. 3(f)(i)","passage":"A foundation model with a quantity of computing power that costs not less than $5,000,000.00","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Candidate pack passage, frameworks to law (research/frameworks-to-law). The quotation (15 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-27 and again at admission on 2026-10-28, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Read directly from legislature.mi.gov. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-28, item 78) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-fl-us-mi-hb4668-def-large-developer-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Sec. 3(f)(ii)","passage":"Within the immediately preceding 12 months, 1 or more foundation models with a total quantity of computing power that costs not less than $100,000,000.00","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Candidate pack passage, frameworks to law (research/frameworks-to-law). The quotation (24 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-27 and again at admission on 2026-10-28, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Read directly from legislature.mi.gov. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-28, item 78) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-ch-cn-ga-ge-2023-issued-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"preamble","passage":"决定对镓、锗相关物项实施出口管制","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (15 words, each CJK character counted as one) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval (SHA-256 55f4054361d76295af66c0c5eb0d822d7eddd757492ec05d4dc820fcba526282; the bytes differ from the pack’s retrieval). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. English machine translation, not verified by a person: “decided to impose export controls on gallium- and germanium-related items”. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-ch-cn-ga-ge-2023-issued-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Article 8","passage":"本公告自2023年8月1日起正式实施","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (15 words, each CJK character counted as one) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval (SHA-256 55f4054361d76295af66c0c5eb0d822d7eddd757492ec05d4dc820fcba526282; the bytes differ from the pack’s retrieval). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. English machine translation, not verified by a person: “This announcement takes effect on 1 August 2023”. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-ch-cn-ga-ge-2023-issued-3","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"signature block","passage":"the announcement is signed 商务部 海关总署 (MOFCOM and GAC) and dated 2023年7月3日 (3 July 2023).","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. The cross-family check found it faithful. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-orb-oc3-spacex-2026-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"paragraph 2","passage":"Global electricity demand for AI simply cannot be met with terrestrial solutions, even in the near term, without imposing hardship on communities and the environment.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (25 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 87) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-orb-oc9-espi-2025-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 46 (printed p. 42), Annex A, “Results and Discussion”","passage":"the constellation architecture is not nearly as competitive as the monolithic architecture in the GW-scale. Its CapEx is double the TBDCs and its OpEx more than triple.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Added at the admission of the compute, power and orbit pack (research/compute-power-orbit). Located by the cross-family check (earlier-text search, OC9) and read at admission. The quotation (27 words) matched a direct retrieval of 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 ebd2a9682e89ee65d8fdae7d4492f5b80df55a7804611c03594c8551fd47217c). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-orb-oc9-espi-2025-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 46 (printed p. 42), Annex A, “Results and Discussion”","passage":"With respect to OpEx it’s still 38% more expensive than the TBDC given the modelling assumptions.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Added at the admission of the compute, power and orbit pack (research/compute-power-orbit). The monolithic architecture’s operating cost, as the report states it. The quotation (16 words) matched a direct retrieval of 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 ebd2a9682e89ee65d8fdae7d4492f5b80df55a7804611c03594c8551fd47217c). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-orb-oc9-espi-2025-3","sourceRole":"primary","support":"context","locator":"PDF p. 46 (printed p. 42), Annex A","passage":"In conclusion, the potential for SBDCs being economically feasible is high.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Added at the admission of the compute, power and orbit pack (research/compute-power-orbit). The report’s own conclusion, which must be read with the cost findings. The quotation (11 words) matched a direct retrieval of 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 ebd2a9682e89ee65d8fdae7d4492f5b80df55a7804611c03594c8551fd47217c). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-orb-oc9-espi-2025-4","sourceRole":"primary","support":"context","locator":"PDF pp. 46–47 (printed pp. 42–43), Annex A","passage":"The report says the monolithic architecture becomes cheaper than the benchmark over its lifetime if IT hardware lasts over three years, uses a two-year lifetime in its model, names a launch cost under $150/kg among its conditions for viability, and gives expected costs without a measure of uncertainty.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Added at the admission of the compute, power and orbit pack (research/compute-power-orbit). The model’s conditions and limits. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-dc-meta-el-paso-announced-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"takeaways","passage":"El Paso, Texas, will be home to Meta's newest AI-focused data center.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. The cross-family check found it faithful. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 12) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-dc-meta-el-paso-announced-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"original text of 15 October 2025, paragraph 1","passage":"We’re breaking ground on a new, cutting-edge AI-focused data center that can scale to a 1GW data center site.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (19 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval (SHA-256 4a9a7572c1a04c07ebb4c6a5ee5d6a7d525fb5eaa6fb9f0da6fc48eca16cb083; the bytes differ from the pack’s retrieval). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 12) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-dc-meta-el-paso-announced-3","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"original text, final paragraph","passage":"Once the initial phase is completed, the first facilities will represent an investment of more than $1.5 billion","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (18 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval (SHA-256 4a9a7572c1a04c07ebb4c6a5ee5d6a7d525fb5eaa6fb9f0da6fc48eca16cb083; the bytes differ from the pack’s retrieval). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 12) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ab-ev-gpt4-card-proliferation-category-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 12 (printed p. 52), §2.6 Proliferation of Conventional and Unconventional Weapons, first paragraph","passage":"We subjected the model to stress testing, boundary testing, and red teaming … in four dual-use domains to explore whether our models could provide the necessary information to proliferators … seeking to develop, acquire, or disperse nuclear, radiological, biological, and chemical weapons.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The quotation (40 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The ellipses stand for footnote markers in the PDF text layer. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item 52) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"}],"at":{"entities":[1,16,19,47,50,57,70,113,157,208,210,233,237,248,252,253,259,290,291,340,351,354,366,371,373,382,405,446,451,453,455,519,553,585,595,619,625,884,931,948,976,987,1001,1003,1042,1055,1081,1097,1104,1106,1117,1123,1156,1266],"claims":[5,151,438,631,699,736,871,1000,1020,1099,1102,1105,1140,1152,1153,1437,1488,2007,2145,2247,2339,2393,2555,2681,2735,2767,2812,2998,3013,3055,3086,3116,3136,3410],"sources":[2,41,45,52,75,208,209,240,241,244,245,259,291,292,345,372,413,418,420,422,506,543,693,777,782,802,832,879,903,915,925,943,977,1079],"evidence":[5,170,470,754,755,877,878,929,930,931,1085,1226,1247,1335,1339,1342,1383,1397,1398,1787,1855,2594,2784,2894,2986,3040,3209,3364,3439,3499,3500,3501,3582,3583,3584,3886,3908,3909,3985,3986,3987,4054,4107,4108,4109,4110,4151,4152,4153,4694]},"version":"1lg47t7"}