{"entities":[{"id":"openai","name":"OpenAI"},{"id":"anthropic","name":"Anthropic"},{"id":"amazon","name":"Amazon"},{"id":"rsp-2023","name":"Responsible Scaling Policy (2023)"},{"id":"rsp-v3-0","name":"Anthropic Responsible Scaling Policy — v3.0"},{"id":"rsp-v3-4","name":"Anthropic Responsible Scaling Policy — v3.4"},{"id":"fsf-v3-0","name":"Google DeepMind Frontier Safety Framework — v3.0"},{"id":"faif-2026","name":"xAI Frontier Artificial Intelligence Framework — June 2026 edition"},{"id":"jan-leike","name":"Jan Leike"},{"id":"meta-aasf-v2-0","name":"Meta Advanced AI Scaling Framework — Version 2"},{"id":"ms-fgf-2025","name":"Microsoft Frontier Governance Framework — Version 1 (February 2025)"},{"id":"ai-positive-negative-factor-global-risk","name":"Artificial Intelligence as a Positive and Negative Factor in Global Risk"},{"id":"agi-ruin-2022","name":"AGI Ruin: A List of Lethalities"},{"id":"race-compression","name":"Strategic or race compression"},{"id":"human-data-humanlike-mind","name":"Trained on human data, so humanlike"},{"id":"many-ais-balance","name":"Many AIs will keep each other in check"},{"id":"sl4-2004-05-30-yudkowsky-0405-8843","name":"Re: One or more AIs??"},{"id":"eu-gpai-guidelines-2025","name":"Commission Guidelines on the scope of the obligations for providers of general-purpose AI models established by Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (C(2025) 7719 final)"},{"id":"ai-general-purpose-technology-with-lag","name":"AI as a general-purpose technology with lagging productivity"},{"id":"ai-as-cheaper-prediction","name":"AI as cheaper prediction"},{"id":"trajtenberg-2018-ai-as-the-next-gpt","name":"AI as the Next GPT: A Political-Economy Perspective"},{"id":"mullainathan-spiess-2017-machine-learning-econometric","name":"Machine Learning: An Applied Econometric Approach"},{"id":"calvano-et-al-2020-algorithmic-pricing-collusion","name":"Artificial Intelligence, Algorithmic Pricing, and Collusion"},{"id":"amazon-agi-sf-lab","name":"Amazon AGI SF Lab"},{"id":"moonshot-ai","name":"Moonshot AI / 月之暗面"},{"id":"shivon-zilis","name":"Shivon Zilis"},{"id":"trevor-blackwell","name":"Trevor Blackwell"},{"id":"varun-mohan","name":"Varun Mohan"},{"id":"windsurf","name":"Windsurf"},{"id":"sergio-pastorello","name":"Sergio Pastorello"},{"id":"kimi-k3-blog","name":"Kimi K3: Open Frontier Intelligence (tech blog)"},{"id":"us-eo-14110-2023","name":"Executive Order 14110: Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence"},{"id":"cn-mofcom-2024-46","name":"MOFCOM Announcement No. 46 of 2024 on strengthening export controls on related dual-use items to the United States (商务部公告2024年第46号)"},{"id":"lumen-orbit-wp-2024","name":"Why we should train AI in space"},{"id":"spacex-xai-update-2026","name":"xAI joins SpaceX to Accelerate Humanity’s Future"},{"id":"oc1-orbital-solar-supply","name":"Orbital solar supply as a reason for orbital compute"},{"id":"oc8-no-repair","name":"No practical repair of hardware in orbit"},{"id":"tsmc-arizona","name":"TSMC Arizona Corporation"},{"id":"us-department-of-commerce","name":"United States Department of Commerce"},{"id":"batalis-ai-biorisk-explainer-2023-12","name":"AI and Biorisk: An Explainer"},{"id":"peppin-reality-ai-biorisk-2024-12","name":"The Reality of AI and Biorisk"},{"id":"ab-prop-current-system-uplift","name":"Currently available AI systems increase an actor's biological-misuse capability"},{"id":"ab-prop-skilled-actor-scope","name":"Assessment must cover actors who already hold relevant skills"}],"claims":[{"id":"prov-rsp-2023-misuse-uplift-threshold","statement":"RSP v1.0 states that one capability qualifying a model as ASL-3 is that access to it would substantially increase the risk of deliberately-caused catastrophic harm, by proliferating capabilities, lowering costs or enabling new methods of attack, measured relative to the baseline risk from, e.g., search engines and textbooks.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"What the edition states, quoted from the cited expression. 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It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness.","evidenceIds":["evidence-prov-meta-aasf-v2-0-moderate-threshold"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"threshold","key":"meta-moderate-threshold"}}},{"id":"ts-a6-aipnfgr","statement":"Yudkowsky’s chapter lists, among scenarios for a first-mover effect, one in which post-criticality self-improvement reaches superintelligence within weeks and no other AI project reaches criticality before the first mover can overcome all opposition.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"One of several scenarios that a strategy must not fail under, not a prediction.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ts-a6-aipnfgr","evidence-ts-a6-aipnfgr-2"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["articulation"],"register":"nonfiction","qualifier":"A first mover powerful enough to overcome all opposition."}}},{"id":"yk-y21-agi-ruin-2022-c","statement":"The post “AGI Ruin: A List of Lethalities” (2022-06-05) contests Y21. In a list of lethal difficulties he states that current systems' internal cognition is very likely alien rather than human-like; item 32 adds that human words are only a surface trace of human thought.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: Training on human text or behaviour yields human-like thought and motives.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t21-c"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"contrary-only","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage states the contrary conclusion without giving a reason against the premise that training on human text or behaviour yields human-like thought and motives, even when read with its message or dialogue turn."}}}},{"id":"yk-y29-sl4-2004-05-30-yudkowsky-0405-8843-c","statement":"The SL4 message “Re: One or more AIs??” (2004-05-30) contests Y29. In a thread asking whether one or more AIs is better, he argues that several unFriendly optimization processes would bargain among themselves without benefiting humans, so having many AIs does not avoid the Friendly AI problem.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: Multiple superintelligences will balance each other in humans’ favour. Hypothetical illustration; the preceding sentence posits three runaway optimizers with arbitrary goals. 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The Code’s own text, in a separate record, says that adherence is not conclusive evidence of compliance; the two propositions differ and neither is a finding about any provider. The guidelines describe the code as assessed as adequate by the AI Office and the Board; the Commission’s opinion of 1 August 2025 is recorded elsewhere. It states what the text provides, not whether any named developer falls within it or complies. A document’s statement is not evidence of implementation, compliance or enforcement.","evidenceIds":["evidence-eugl-code-adherence-enforcement-focus-1"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"decision_authority","key":"eugl-code-enforcement-focus","parties":[{"role":"decides","actor":"Commission (focus of enforcement activities)"}]}}},{"id":"ec-m03-trajtenberg-2018-ai-as-the-next-gpt-b","statement":"Trajtenberg, “AI as the Next GPT: A Political-Economy Perspective” (2018-01) bears on M03. Frames AI as the coming GPT and turns to policies to soften its displacement effects.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"NBER Working Paper 24245, January 2018 (NBER conference paper; later in The Economics of Artificial Intelligence). A short political-economy essay.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ec-m03-05"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["context"],"register":"nonfiction","missing":"Calls AI the new GPT but does not state that measured productivity gains lag adoption.","tier":{"value":1,"basis":"NBER working paper (core venue)."}}}},{"id":"ec-m04-mullainathan-spiess-2017-machine-learning-econometric-b","statement":"Mullainathan and Spiess, “Machine Learning: An Applied Econometric Approach” (2017) bears on M04. Mullainathan and Spiess characterise machine learning as a prediction tool distinct from econometric parameter estimation, for use in empirical economics.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Abstract page only; full article not retrieved. Concerns machine learning as an econometric method, not AI's economic function.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ec-m04-01"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["context"],"register":"nonfiction","missing":"Treats prediction as what ML does methodologically, not as AI's economic function, and draws no consequences from a fall in its cost.","tier":{"value":1,"basis":"JEP (core venue)."}}}},{"id":"lg-oai-trevor-blackwell-founding-member-2015","statement":"OpenAI’s launch announcement of 11 December 2015 names Trevor Blackwell among the group’s founding members.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The predicate means participation in founding; the source wording is “founding members”, a group of research engineers and scientists, not a statement of legal founder status.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-oai-trevor-blackwell-founding-member-2015"],"attributes":{"role":"Founding member"}},{"id":"lg-oai-zilis-openai-advisor-2016","statement":"OpenAI announced on 26 April 2016 that Shivon Zilis was becoming an official advisor to OpenAI.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"An advisory role as announced; no end date is recorded.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-oai-zilis-openai-advisor-2016"],"attributes":{"role":"Official advisor"}},{"id":"lg-deal-mohan-cofounded-windsurf","statement":"TechCrunch reported on 29 August 2024 that Codeium was founded in 2021 by Varun Mohan and Douglas Chen.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The record rests on reporting (TechCrunch); no company page naming the founders was retrieved. The company's own rename post confirms the 2021 start as Exafunction without naming founders.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-deal-mohan-cofounded-windsurf","lg-ev-deal-mohan-cofounded-windsurf-year","lg-ev-deal-mohan-cofounded-windsurf-rename"],"attributes":{"role":"co-founder"}},{"id":"lg-ant-leike-joins-2024","statement":"Jan Leike posted on X on 28 May 2024 that he was joining Anthropic and that his new team would work on scalable oversight, weak-to-strong generalization and automated alignment research.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A first-person announcement; it gives no title, team name or start date. The existing undated record from his biography names the team as Alignment Science.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-ant-leike-joins-2024"],"attributes":{"activityStage":"announced","role":"Leader of a new team on scalable oversight, weak-to-strong generalization and automated alignment research (as worded: “my new team”)"}},{"id":"lg-deal-amazon-agi-sf-lab-unit-2024","statement":"Amazon announced on 9 December 2024 the formation of the Amazon AGI SF Lab, seeded by the team it had hired from Adept.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Announcement by the lab's leads on Amazon Science; it does not establish the lab's later existence or size.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-deal-amazon-agi-sf-lab-unit-2024","lg-ev-deal-amazon-agi-sf-lab-adept-team"]},{"id":"cmp-rsp-v3-0-d6-discretion","statement":"RSP · v3.0 states a provision on the comparison question “Other exceptions or discretion”.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Further room for judgement: Appendix A says Anthropic will often have to use its best judgment on whether a competitor scenario applies; Risk Reports may record deviations from described mitigations (§3.2); redactions may be made for listed reasons 'not limited to' those (§3.5); a report is 'significantly redacted' in the judgment of the RSO, CEO, Board or LTBT (§3.6). What the edition states, quoted from the cited expression. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness, and a shared question does not make two editions’ provisions equivalent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-rsp-v3-0-d6-discretion-1","ev-cmp-rsp-v3-0-d6-discretion-2"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"exception","key":"comparison-d6-discretion","facet":{"id":"D6.discretion","status":"stated"}}}},{"id":"cmp-rsp-v3-4-d3-halt","statement":"RSP · v3.4 states a provision on the comparison question “Pause, non-deployment or non-training”.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Delay commitments are tied to Appendix A competitor scenarios (see “Provisions conditioned on other developers”); outside them the edition says it would 'strongly consider' pausing (conditional wording, added in v3.1). No passage commits to not training or deploying a model without adequate safeguards (the dataset records that provision as not found in this edition). What the edition states, quoted from the cited expression. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness, and a shared question does not make two editions’ provisions equivalent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-rsp-v3-4-d3-halt-1","ev-cmp-rsp-v3-4-d3-halt-2"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"required_action","key":"comparison-d3-halt","facet":{"id":"D3.halt","status":"stated"}}}},{"id":"cmp-meta-aasf-v2-0-d4-oversight","statement":"Meta AASF · v2 states a provision on the comparison question “Board or external oversight”, in a weaker form than the question’s criterion.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Stated, partly: the passage has what the question’s criterion asks for, but in a weaker form than the criterion’s own words. The board role is stated as general product and regulatory compliance oversight, not a specific role in framework decisions. An internal governance function periodically reviews risk management practices (same paragraph). What the edition states, quoted from the cited expression. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness, and a shared question does not make two editions’ provisions equivalent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-meta-aasf-v2-0-d4-oversight-1"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"decision_authority","key":"comparison-d4-oversight","facet":{"id":"D4.oversight","status":"partly"}}}},{"id":"cmp-ms-fgf-2025-d3-safeguards","statement":"Microsoft FGF · Feb 2025 states a provision on the comparison question “Safeguards required”.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Safety mitigations are applied 'so that the model’s risk level remains at low or medium once mitigations have been applied' (PDF p. 8); critical-risk models are subject to 'the highest level of security safeguards' (PDF p. 8). What the edition states, quoted from the cited expression. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness, and a shared question does not make two editions’ provisions equivalent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-ms-fgf-2025-d3-safeguards-1"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"required_action","key":"comparison-d3-safeguards","facet":{"id":"D3.safeguards","status":"stated"}}}},{"id":"ap-sergio-pastorello-calvano-et-al-2020-algorithmic-pricing-collusion","statement":"“Artificial Intelligence, Algorithmic Pricing, and Collusion” (2020-10) credits Sergio Pastorello as one of its 4 authors.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Credited co-authorship; it does not allocate parts of the text between authors or imply agreement with every passage.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ap-sergio-pastorello-calvano-et-al-2020-algorithmic-pricing-collusion"]},{"id":"cmp-fsf-v3-0-d1-persuasion","statement":"FSF · v3.0 states a provision on the comparison question “Persuasion or manipulation”.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Tracked as a misuse domain with one CCL marked exploratory: Harmful manipulation level 1 (Table 2.2.3.a, PDF pp. 10–11). What the edition states, paraphrased from the cited expression with its page. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness, and a shared question does not make two editions’ provisions equivalent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-fsf-v3-0-d1-persuasion-1","ev-cmp-fsf-v3-0-d1-persuasion-2"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"risk_domain","key":"comparison-d1-persuasion","facet":{"id":"D1.persuasion","status":"stated"}}}},{"id":"c2-moonshot-k3-blog","statement":"Moonshot AI announced Kimi K3 in a web post listed on its homepage under 16 July 2026; the post states that the full model weights would be released by 27 July 2026.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Both pages are mutable and were read on 27 October 2026; earlier wording is not authenticated. The post’s comparative performance statements are out of scope.","evidenceIds":["c2-ev-moonshot-k3-blog","c2-ev-moonshot-k3-blog-date"]},{"id":"cpo-ch-cn-mofcom-2024-46-us","statement":"MOFCOM Announcement No. 46 of 2024, dated 3 December 2024 and effective on publication, provides that in principle no licences will be granted for exports of gallium-, germanium-, antimony- and superhard-material-related dual-use items to the United States.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"States a licensing policy toward one destination; the text does not mention chips or AI. Paragraph 2, which carries this provision, was suspended from 9 November 2025 to 27 November 2026 by MOFCOM Announcement No. 72 of 2025.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cpo-ch-cn-mofcom-2024-46-us-1","evidence-cpo-ch-cn-mofcom-2024-46-us-2","evidence-cpo-ch-cn-mofcom-2024-46-us-3","evidence-cpo-ch-cn-mofcom-2024-46-us-4"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"statement","key":"ch-cn-mofcom-2024-46-us"}}},{"id":"cpo-orb-oc1-lumen-2024","statement":"The Lumen Orbit white paper (September 2024) argues that data centres in orbit can use solar power around the clock, unhindered by night, weather and the atmosphere.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Earliest located among the texts found by the pack’s searches of 2026-10-28 (company, agency, scientific-society and arXiv texts on orbital compute, 2019–2026) and the cross-family check’s bounded search of 2026-10-29/30 for earlier texts, including pre-2024 literature on space solar power; not a claim that no earlier text exists. The check found 1978 solar-power literature that describes continuous solar supply in space without placing computing there, and a 2022 ASCEND announcement that proposes solar-powered orbital data centres without the comparison; neither meets the criterion as worded.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cpo-orb-oc1-lumen-2024-1"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["earliest-located"],"register":"nonfiction","attested":{"date":"2024-12-24","note":"The cover prints September 2024 (v1.01). The earliest copy located is an Internet Archive capture of 24 December 2024, which the cross-family check found byte-identical to the copy retrieved for the pack and again at admission; this admission could not reach the Archive."}}}},{"id":"cpo-orb-oc8-spacex-2026","statement":"SpaceX's update of 2 February 2026 describes its orbital compute satellites as having no ongoing operational or maintenance needs.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Recorded as contesting because it denies a maintenance burden; it does not discuss failures or replacement.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cpo-orb-oc8-spacex-2026-1"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction"}}},{"id":"cpo-ch-tsmc-chips-preliminary","statement":"President Biden’s statement of 8 April 2024 said the Department of Commerce was announcing a preliminary agreement with TSMC to support the construction of leading-edge semiconductor manufacturing facilities in the United States, and that TSMC would also build a third chip factory in Phoenix, increasing its total investment in Arizona to $65 billion.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A preliminary agreement; the total award amount is not stated in this statement (it mentions $50 million of CHIPS funding for workforce training). The $65 billion is TSMC’s stated total Arizona investment, not the award. The statement names Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company; TSMC Arizona is named as awardee in the final award release. The statement does not mention AI; the AI reference appears in the final award release (recorded separately).","evidenceIds":["evidence-cpo-ch-tsmc-chips-preliminary-1","evidence-cpo-ch-tsmc-chips-preliminary-2","evidence-cpo-ch-tsmc-chips-preliminary-3","evidence-cpo-ch-tsmc-chips-preliminary-4","evidence-cpo-ch-tsmc-chips-preliminary-5"],"attributes":{"awardStage":"preliminary"}},{"id":"ab-scr-eo14110-sec44bii-nist-engagement","statement":"Section 4.4(b)(ii) of Executive Order 14110 directs the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Director of NIST, within 180 days to engage with industry and stakeholders, informed by the framework of subsection 4.4(b)(i), to develop and refine for possible use by synthetic nucleic acid sequence providers specifications for procurement screening, database management practices, implementation guides and conformity-assessment practices and mechanisms.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"States what the order directs; it is not evidence that any specification, guide or conformity-assessment mechanism was produced or adopted. The four headings are recorded at the generality of the order's own list. The four lettered headings are recorded as headings only; no technical content of a specification, database practice or implementation guide is recorded.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ab-scr-eo14110-sec44bii-nist-engagement-1","evidence-ab-scr-eo14110-sec44bii-nist-engagement-2"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"required_action","key":"us-eo14110-sec44bii-nist-screening-specifications"}}},{"id":"ab-fw-faif-2026-cbrn-safeguard-assessment","statement":"The June 2026 Frontier Artificial Intelligence Framework states that CBRN risks are one of its named risk domains, that it applies refusal safeguards against malicious use and continues to assess how robust those safeguards are, and that public and internal benchmarks may be used to measure dual-use capability and resistance to facilitation.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"What the edition states, at policy level. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or safeguard effectiveness, and it names no model. The edition was read only by the cross-family machine check of 2026-10-30, in the archive capture the source names; this admission could not reach the Internet Archive, so the reading is not independently repeated here. The provision kind is `statement`, the dataset’s kind for a document’s stated content, because the schema’s other kinds require a verbatim quotation of the edition and none could be taken. The dataset already records this edition’s heightened-safeguard and risk-acceptance provisions from the publisher’s own copy; this record adds only what the check read on benchmark use and continued safeguard assessment. Policy-level provisions only; benchmark and evaluation detail was excluded by the check and is not recorded.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ab-fw-faif-2026-cbrn-safeguard-assessment-1"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"statement","key":"faif-2026-cbrn-safeguard-assessment"}}},{"id":"ab-arg-d7-batalis-context","statement":"CSET's explainer of December 2023 states that the biorisk landscape is not uniform and that specific scenarios and actors should be assessed individually, without stating that assessment must cover actors who already hold relevant skills.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The record documents what this explainer states; it does not meet the proposition's criterion, is not an articulation of it, and implies no influence between texts.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ab-arg-d7-batalis-context-1"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["context"],"register":"nonfiction","qualifier":"A key takeaway of the explainer, quoted as the explainer words it.","missing":"The explainer asks for scenario- and actor-specific assessment in general, but does not state that actors who already hold relevant scientific skills must be within the scope of assessment."}}},{"id":"ab-arg-d1-peppin-contests","statement":"The preprint \"The Reality of AI and Biorisk\" (arXiv v1, 2 December 2024) states that the available literature does not support the notion that access to biological information and planning through current, publicly available large language models can significantly increase biorisk.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The record documents what this review of the literature states, scoped as the paper scopes it to models publicly available at the time of writing. It is not evidence that the proposition is false and implies no influence between texts.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ab-arg-d1-peppin-contests-1"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction","qualifier":"Stated as a finding about the literature, and limited by the paper to current models.","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"The paper gives its reading of the published studies as its reason, not only the contrary conclusion."}}}}],"sources":[{"id":"source-openai-launch","title":"Introducing OpenAI","authors":["Greg Brockman","Ilya Sutskever","OpenAI"],"publisher":"OpenAI","publicationDate":"2015-12-11","version":"Dated page, inspected at retrieval","canonicalUrl":"https://openai.com/index/introducing-openai/","evidenceUrl":"https://openai.com/index/introducing-openai/","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260917013950/https://openai.com/index/introducing-openai/","archivedAt":"2026-09-17","accessedAt":"2026-09-17","reuse":{"attribution":"OpenAI, Introducing OpenAI (2015-12-11).","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and minimal attributed excerpts only. Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-rsp-1-0","title":"Responsible Scaling Policy — v1.0","authors":["Anthropic"],"publisher":"Anthropic","publicationDate":"2023-09-19","version":"Responsible Scaling Policy v1.0; effective date 2023-09-19.","versionDate":"2023-09-19","canonicalUrl":"https://www-cdn.anthropic.com/1adf000c8f675958c2ee23805d91aaade1cd4613/responsible-scaling-policy.pdf","evidenceUrl":"https://www-cdn.anthropic.com/1adf000c8f675958c2ee23805d91aaade1cd4613/responsible-scaling-policy.pdf","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20230919161730/https://www-files.anthropic.com/production/files/responsible-scaling-policy-1.0.pdf","archivedAt":"2023-09-19","accessedAt":"2026-09-18","reuse":{"attribution":"Anthropic, Responsible Scaling Policy — v1.0.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Selekoa practice: metadata, attributed paraphrases and short attributed quotations under the editorial policy (at most 50 words each; at most 400 quoted words per document across the dataset, and about 10% of a document under about 2,000 words). Documents are linked externally, not redistributed. 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Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-cpo-ch-mofcom-us-dualuse-2024","title":"商务部公告2024年第46号 关于加强相关两用物项对美国出口管制的公告","authors":["商务部"],"publisher":"中华人民共和国商务部 / Ministry of Commerce of the PRC (www.mofcom.gov.cn)","publicationDate":"2024-12-03","version":"Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 (SHA-256 c24faa1a087708d9d14b2d15b99c60b60402392ffe4951a61366f7f284a9efcf). Announcement as served on www.mofcom.gov.cn on 2026-10-28; dated 2024年12月3日. The aqygzj subsite copy did not respond. Retrieved again at admission on 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 c24faa1a087708d9d14b2d15b99c60b60402392ffe4951a61366f7f284a9efcf, the same bytes).","canonicalUrl":"https://www.mofcom.gov.cn/zwgk/zcfb/art/2024/art_3d5e990b43424e60828030f58a547b60.html","evidenceUrl":"https://www.mofcom.gov.cn/zwgk/zcfb/art/2024/art_3d5e990b43424e60828030f58a547b60.html","language":"zh-Hans","accessedAt":"2026-10-28","reuse":{"attribution":"商务部, “商务部公告2024年第46号 关于加强相关两用物项对美国出口管制的公告”, 2024-12-03.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-cpo-ch-mofcom-adjust-72-2025","title":"商务部公告2025年第72号 公布调整实施商务部公告2024年第46号的决定","authors":["商务部"],"publisher":"中华人民共和国商务部 / Ministry of Commerce of the PRC (www.mofcom.gov.cn)","publicationDate":"2025-11-09","version":"Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 (SHA-256 9c5ebd692159cd0c52d009923ea3df114bfce2681bf355060e54debe94cc4551). Announcement as served on www.mofcom.gov.cn on 2026-10-28; dated 2025年11月9日.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.mofcom.gov.cn/zwgk/zcfb/art/2025/art_5c68985a6b1a46778e2e8dbff1bb1601.html","evidenceUrl":"https://www.mofcom.gov.cn/zwgk/zcfb/art/2025/art_5c68985a6b1a46778e2e8dbff1bb1601.html","language":"zh-Hans","accessedAt":"2026-10-28","reuse":{"attribution":"商务部, “商务部公告2025年第72号 公布调整实施商务部公告2024年第46号的决定”, 2025-11-09.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-cpo-orb-lumen-wp-gh","title":"Why we should train AI in space (White Paper v1.01)","authors":["Ezra Feilden","Adi Oltean","Philip Johnston"],"publisher":"Lumen Orbit, Inc. (now Starcloud), via lumenorbit.github.io","publicationDate":"2024-09","version":"Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 (SHA-256 90e1bde5b01437d7778e044f8ed95df1c49a63559fc1e35177c94d6443e384f7). PDF v1.01 as served at lumenorbit.github.io/wp.pdf on 2026-10-28; cover line \"White Paper v1.01, September 2024\". Starcloud's current link (starcloud.com/wp) serves v1.03 (starcloudinc.github.io/wp.pdf), which adds a note that Lumen Orbit was renamed Starcloud in 2025; v1.01 is quoted here. The served file cannot authenticate when the v1.01 bytes were first published. Retrieved again at admission on 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 90e1bde5b01437d7778e044f8ed95df1c49a63559fc1e35177c94d6443e384f7, the same bytes). The cross-family check (2026-10-30) opened the Internet Archive capture linked here and found it byte-identical to this retrieval; a capture shows only what the archive held on its date.","canonicalUrl":"https://lumenorbit.github.io/wp.pdf","evidenceUrl":"https://lumenorbit.github.io/wp.pdf","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20241224070032/https://lumenorbit.github.io/wp.pdf","archivedAt":"2024-12-24","accessedAt":"2026-10-28","reuse":{"attribution":"Ezra Feilden, Adi Oltean, Philip Johnston, “Why we should train AI in space (White Paper v1.01)”, 2024-09.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-cpo-orb-spacex-xai","title":"xAI joins SpaceX to Accelerate Humanity’s Future","authors":["SpaceX"],"publisher":"SpaceX (spacex.com updates, via its content API)","publicationDate":"2026-02-02","version":"Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 (SHA-256 84d2b34242c8ac9bbb47bf61dd0c53e4faed7df6604bc0121da21782f86676fc). spacex.com/updates serves a JavaScript shell; the text was retrieved from the site's own content API (content.spacex.com/api/spacex-website/updates), entry \"xai-joins-spacex\", date 2026-02-02, signed \"Elon\". The dataset's source-xm-spacex is the x.ai copy of the same announcement, a separate expression on another host (x.ai refuses retrieval from here); its evidence is a paraphrase, so no dataset quotation counts against this budget. Retrieved again at admission on 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 84d2b34242c8ac9bbb47bf61dd0c53e4faed7df6604bc0121da21782f86676fc, the same bytes). Its wording can change; earlier wording is not authenticated.","canonicalUrl":"https://content.spacex.com/api/spacex-website/updates","evidenceUrl":"https://content.spacex.com/api/spacex-website/updates","language":"en","accessedAt":"2026-10-28","reuse":{"attribution":"SpaceX, “xAI joins SpaceX to Accelerate Humanity’s Future”, 2026-02-02.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-cpo-ch-tsmc-award-nist-2024","title":"Biden-Harris Administration Announces CHIPS Incentives Award with TSMC Arizona to Secure U.S. Leadership in Advanced Semiconductor Technology","authors":["National Institute of Standards and Technology (CHIPS for America), U.S. Department of Commerce"],"publisher":"National Institute of Standards and Technology (CHIPS for America), U.S. Department of Commerce","publicationDate":"2024-11-15","version":"Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 (SHA-256 9c5f8c012189d135c3cd9fc13e28f5c13960a8d740f452cb0f58ae5d94e8f12b). NIST news page as served on 2026-10-28; it states \"Released November 15, 2024, Updated October 6, 2025\". The served text may differ from the text first released; the checker should compare a near-release capture. The commerce.gov copy refuses direct retrieval. Retrieved again at admission on 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 2ca428ef7b1833071d776f2fc88e08c5bc09dd8655b41978e5b2d1b1db07ee04).","canonicalUrl":"https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/11/biden-harris-administration-announces-chips-incentives-award-tsmc-arizona","evidenceUrl":"https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/11/biden-harris-administration-announces-chips-incentives-award-tsmc-arizona","language":"en","accessedAt":"2026-10-28","reuse":{"attribution":"National Institute of Standards and Technology (CHIPS for America), U.S. Department of Commerce, “Biden-Harris Administration Announces CHIPS Incentives Award with TSMC Arizona to Secure U.S. Leadership in Advanced Semiconductor Technology”, 2024-11-15.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-cpo-ch-tsmc-award-dcpd-2024","title":"Statement on the Preliminary Funding Agreement Between the Department of Commerce and Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Under the CHIPS and Science Act (DCPD-202400273)","authors":["Office of the Federal Register, Compilation of Presidential Documents (govinfo.gov)"],"publisher":"Office of the Federal Register, Compilation of Presidential Documents (govinfo.gov)","publicationDate":"2024-04-08","version":"Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 (SHA-256 637ca077db2c4d253f79f85319327e4acf5a472fd03079f478c687d74cd19f5b). Daily Compilation of Presidential Documents entry DCPD202400273, statement dated April 8, 2024, as served by govinfo.gov on 2026-10-28. Retrieved again at admission on 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 637ca077db2c4d253f79f85319327e4acf5a472fd03079f478c687d74cd19f5b, the same bytes).","canonicalUrl":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/DCPD-202400273/html/DCPD-202400273.htm","evidenceUrl":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/DCPD-202400273/html/DCPD-202400273.htm","language":"en","accessedAt":"2026-10-28","reuse":{"attribution":"Office of the Federal Register, Compilation of Presidential Documents (govinfo.gov), “Statement on the Preliminary Funding Agreement Between the Department of Commerce and Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Under the CHIPS and Science Act (DCPD-202400273)”, 2024-04-08.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-ab-batalis-cset-2023","title":"AI and Biorisk: An Explainer (extended explainer PDF)","authors":["Center for Security and Emerging Technology, Georgetown University"],"publisher":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology, Georgetown University","publicationDate":null,"version":"Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 (SHA-256 b42589d1df9f0b702975591dc9c064b7d92a9c761e9a24b1681668055af29c05). Extended explainer PDF, file name marked FINAL-v2, as served on 2026-10-28 Retrieved again at admission on 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 b42589d1df9f0b702975591dc9c064b7d92a9c761e9a24b1681668055af29c05, the same bytes).","canonicalUrl":"https://cset.georgetown.edu/wp-content/uploads/20230047-AI-BioRisk-Extended-Explainer-FINAL-v2.pdf","evidenceUrl":"https://cset.georgetown.edu/wp-content/uploads/20230047-AI-BioRisk-Extended-Explainer-FINAL-v2.pdf","language":"en","accessedAt":"2026-10-28","reuse":{"attribution":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology, Georgetown University, “AI and Biorisk: An Explainer (extended explainer PDF)”.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-ab-peppin-reality-2024","title":"The Reality of AI and Biorisk","authors":["arXiv (preprint, Aidan Peppin, Anka Reuel, Stephen Casper and others)"],"publisher":"arXiv (preprint, Aidan Peppin, Anka Reuel, Stephen Casper and others)","publicationDate":null,"version":"Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 (SHA-256 6d2a704df6aa7b6d3463a2c9d3451fc1ad92998846d0dfeab24347a1191fd183). arXiv v1 of 2 December 2024 (per the PDF's arXiv stamp; the paper's own front matter reads \"Released as a preprint on December 4, 2024\") Retrieved again at admission on 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 6d2a704df6aa7b6d3463a2c9d3451fc1ad92998846d0dfeab24347a1191fd183, the same bytes).","canonicalUrl":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.01946v1","evidenceUrl":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.01946v1","language":"en","accessedAt":"2026-10-28","reuse":{"attribution":"arXiv (preprint, Aidan Peppin, Anka Reuel, Stephen Casper and others), “The Reality of AI and Biorisk”.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}}],"evidence":[{"id":"evidence-prov-rsp-2023-misuse-uplift-threshold","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 6 (printed p. 6), section 'ASL-3 Commitments', subsection 'ASL-3 Capabilities and Threat Models', numbered item 1 ('Capabilities that significantly increase risk of misuse catastrophe'), first and second sentences","passage":"Access to the model would substantially increase the risk of deliberately-caused catastrophic harm, either by proliferating capabilities, lowering costs, or enabling new methods of attack. 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Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-prov-meta-aasf-v2-0-moderate-threshold","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 15 (printed p. 15), §3.3 Risk Thresholds, Table 1: Risk Thresholds for Frontier AI, 'Moderate or lower' row, Risk Threshold column","passage":"The Frontier AI shows relevant capabilities, but could not substantially contribute to any threat scenario associated with a catastrophic outcome, across plausible deployment and development scenarios.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-03","note":"Verbatim excerpt checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-03 against the file served today, byte-identical to the Internet Archive capture of 2026-04-08. Extraction note: The row's measure label is 'Deploy'; its Measures cell says mitigations will depend on the results of evaluations and the deployment strategy. §3.3 (PDF p. 16) separately says a Frontier AI reaching only this threshold is considered safe for broad deployment without specific mitigations for the threat scenarios and outcomes the Framework sets out. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-ts-a6-aipnfgr","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Section 11 \"Local and Majoritarian Strategies\", first example of a first-mover effect, printed p. 30 of MIRI’s reprint","passage":"Post-criticality, self-improvement reaches superintelligence on a timescale of weeks or less. AI projects are sufficiently sparse that no other AI achieves criticality before the first mover is powerful enough to overcome all opposition.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-06","note":"Checked against the reprint on 2026-10-06."},{"id":"evidence-ts-a6-aipnfgr-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"The draft’s list of first-mover effects","passage":"The same first-mover scenario, with the same timescale, appears in the draft dated 5 February 2006.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-06","note":"Read in the 2006-07-08 capture for this collection."},{"id":"evidence-yk-t21-c","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"AGI Ruin: A List of Lethalities, Section B.3, item 33","passage":"The AI does not think like you do … it is utterly alien on a staggering scale.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-06","note":"Candidate pack passage T21-c. The quotation (17 words; trimmed 2026-10-13 from 29 words) matched the retrieved expression (SHA-256 b36f38a6fd1020bfbd7b9d941e150ea68561242f3a41a0b8f2a56b853a9a6db3) when checked on 2026-10-06. It also matched the posting-day version 1.0.0. Pack version note: edited post, current version 1.3.0; posting-day check pending."},{"id":"evidence-yk-t29-s3","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"message body, paragraph beginning 'Or three enormously powerful, recursively self-improving…'","passage":"more likely they'd compromise with each other in a way that simultaneously maximized paperclips, tiny pictures of smiling humans, and reward-button circuitry.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-07","note":"Candidate pack passage T29-s3. The quotation (22 words) matched the retrieved expression (SHA-256 07611dc7c624bf181092ad6019d79bc82f87dba26a5df07cce90c089b13b67cb) when checked on 2026-10-07."},{"id":"evidence-eugl-code-adherence-enforcement-focus-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Paragraph (91), fourth sentence","passage":"the Commission will focus its enforcement activities on monitoring their adherence to the code of practice.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-11","note":"Verbatim quote, matched mechanically (after whitespace normalisation) by the proposing machine agent against the text extracted from the file retrieved on 2026-10-11. Checked by fresh-context machine audit on 2026-10-11 (review/frontier-governance-2-audit-2026-10-11.md). Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-ec-m03-05","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"pdf page 2; abstract","passage":"as many occupations will indeed vanish with the advent of AI as the new General Purpose Technology (GPT), we should search for ways to ameliorate the detrimental effects of AI","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-14","note":"Candidate pack passage M03-05 (research/economics-mainstream). The quotation (30 words) matched the retrieved current copy (SHA-256 fcc578fb79e149e50183e25dd5eb69c0bc8a8497ba78fbc417a6e00efe9a4210) in the pack's verification. Re-checked at admission on 2026-10-14 against a copy retrieved that day."},{"id":"evidence-ec-m04-01","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"AEA article page, Abstract (JEP 31(2), Spring 2017, pp. 87-106)","passage":"Specifically, machine learning revolves around the problem of prediction, while many economic applications revolve around parameter estimation.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-14","note":"Candidate pack passage M04-01 (research/economics-mainstream). The quotation (17 words) matched the retrieved current copy (SHA-256 eedb655b363848852d4300eaa5009a52ca3f0b9d44e1724a3d4202ea98ac2ab3) in the pack's verification. Re-checked at admission on 2026-10-14 against a copy retrieved that day, whose SHA-256 differs from the recorded one."},{"id":"lg-ev-oai-trevor-blackwell-founding-member-2015","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Body, paragraph naming the research director, CTO and other founding members","passage":"The announcement lists Trevor Blackwell among “the group’s other founding members”, described as research engineers and scientists.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The paraphrase’s verbatim anchor “Trevor Blackwell” matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read through the third-party reader relay r.jina.ai, which renders the publisher’s current page (the publisher refused direct retrieval); not an archive copy. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s; only the anchor is the source’s wording. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"reader_relay"},{"id":"lg-ev-oai-zilis-openai-advisor-2016","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Paragraph beginning “Shivon Zilis.”","passage":"she’s becoming an official advisor to OpenAI","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (7 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read through the third-party reader relay r.jina.ai, which renders the publisher’s current page (the publisher refused direct retrieval); not an archive copy. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"reader_relay"},{"id":"lg-ev-deal-mohan-cofounded-windsurf","sourceRole":"secondary","support":"supports","locator":"Paragraph 2","passage":"Codeium’s co-founder and CEO, Varun Mohan","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (6 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-16/17) re-read the record’s sources and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"lg-ev-deal-mohan-cofounded-windsurf-year","sourceRole":"secondary","support":"supports","locator":"Paragraph 4","passage":"TechCrunch reports that Codeium was founded in 2021 by Mohan together with Douglas Chen.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The paraphrase’s verbatim anchor “Codeium was founded in 2021 by Mohan” matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s; only the anchor is the source’s wording. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-16/17) re-read the record’s sources and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"lg-ev-deal-mohan-cofounded-windsurf-rename","sourceRole":"primary","support":"context","locator":"Paragraph 1 (rename announcement of 4 April 2025)","passage":"We first began as Exafunction in 2021","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (7 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-16/17) re-read the record’s sources and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"lg-ev-ant-leike-joins-2024","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Post of 2024-05-28, first and second sentences","passage":"Leike writes that he is joining Anthropic to continue the superalignment mission and that his new team will work on scalable oversight, weak-to-strong generalization and automated alignment research.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The paraphrase’s verbatim anchor “join @AnthropicAI” matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read through X’s own syndication endpoint for the post’s text, which truncates long notes. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s; only the anchor is the source’s wording. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"x_syndication"},{"id":"lg-ev-deal-amazon-agi-sf-lab-unit-2024","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Paragraph 1","passage":"we’re excited to announce the formation of the Amazon AGI SF Lab","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (12 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"lg-ev-deal-amazon-agi-sf-lab-adept-team","sourceRole":"primary","support":"context","locator":"Paragraph 3","passage":"The new lab is seeded by our team recently hired from Adept","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (12 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"ev-cmp-rsp-v3-0-d6-discretion-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 3, Introduction, paragraph on Frontier Safety Roadmaps, final sentence","passage":"These are not hard commitments but rather public goals","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Verbatim excerpt checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 against the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. Refers only to the goals in the Frontier Safety Roadmap, not to the policy as a whole. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-rsp-v3-0-d6-discretion-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 15, §4 Governance, item 1 ('Responsible Scaling Officer'), duty (6)","passage":"making judgment calls on policy interpretation and application","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Verbatim excerpt checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 against the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-rsp-v3-4-d3-halt-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 17 (printed p. 17), Appendix A: Commitments Related to Competitors, table row 'Anthropic in the lead', Commitment column","passage":"We will require a strong argument that catastrophic risk is contained, along the lines of our recommendations for industry-wide safety (see Section 1). We will delay AI development and deployment as needed to achieve this, until and unless we no longer believe we have a significant lead.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Existing dataset passage for this edition, which contains the comparison’s shorter quotation, first checked on 2026-10-03. The comparison’s quotation was checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 against the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. Applies only in Appendix A's 'Anthropic in the lead' scenario. 'This' refers to a strong argument that catastrophic risk is contained, along the lines of the industry-wide recommendations. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-rsp-v3-4-d3-halt-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 17 (printed p. 17), Appendix A: Commitments Related to Competitors, introductory paragraph, second-to-last sentence","passage":"the commitments below do not preclude us from taking cautionary action, such as refraining from training or deploying models, in other circumstances.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Verbatim excerpt checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 against the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. The next sentence says Anthropic 'would strongly consider pausing development and/or deployment' to improve the safety profiles of its models. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-meta-aasf-v2-0-d4-oversight-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 10 (printed p. 10), §2.3 Accountability, third paragraph, final sentence","passage":"Meta’s Board of Directors provides oversight of the company’s product and regulatory compliance","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Verbatim excerpt checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 against the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-ms-fgf-2025-d3-safeguards-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 8 (printed p. 7), §4 Mitigations, Security measures, fourth paragraph (section begins on PDF p. 7), first sentence","passage":"Models posing high-risk on one or more tracked capability will be subject to security measures protective against most cybercrime groups and insider threats.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Existing dataset passage for this edition, which contains the comparison’s shorter quotation, first checked on 2026-10-03. The comparison’s quotation was checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 against the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-ap-sergio-pastorello-calvano-et-al-2020-algorithmic-pricing-collusion","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Page head: author byline","passage":"Sergio Pastorello","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Credited name checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 in a direct retrieval and checked by a reviewer from a different model family on 2026-10-27. Human editorial review is pending.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"ev-cmp-fsf-v3-0-d1-persuasion-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 5 (printed p. 5), §1.3 Outline of Our Risk Assessment Process, 'Identification' bullet, first sentence","passage":"The edition says Google DeepMind has determined, on early research, that severe risks from future models may be likeliest in four domains: CBRN, cyber, harmful manipulation and “machine learning R&D”.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Explicit paraphrase, written on 2026-10-27 by an automated research assistant after re-reading the passage in the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. The comparison quoted the passage; it is given here as a paraphrase to keep the edition within the quotation limit. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-fsf-v3-0-d1-persuasion-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 10 (printed p. 10), §2.2.3 Harmful Manipulation, Note, second sentence","passage":"A note on harmful manipulation says both the CCL and the assessment of risk in this domain are exploratory and open to further research.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Explicit paraphrase, written on 2026-10-27 by an automated research assistant after re-reading the passage in the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. The comparison quoted the passage; it is given here as a paraphrase to keep the edition within the quotation limit. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"c2-ev-moonshot-k3-blog","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Opening section","passage":"The full model weights will be released by July 27, 2026.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). The quotation (11 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"c2-ev-moonshot-k3-blog-date","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Homepage, latest research list","passage":"The homepage lists the Kimi K3 item with the date 2026-07-16.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). The paraphrase’s verbatim anchor “2026-07-16Kimi K3” matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s; only the anchor is the source’s wording. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-ch-cn-mofcom-2024-46-us-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"paragraph 2","passage":"原则上不予许可","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (7 words, each CJK character counted as one) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. Shortened at admission to keep within the quotation limit for this short text (a tenth of its words); the shortened wording is part of the matched passage, and the rest is given by paraphrase. English machine translation, not verified by a person: “in principle, will not be licensed”. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-ch-cn-mofcom-2024-46-us-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"metadata block","passage":"the page gives 发文日期 2024年12月03日 (3 December 2024).","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. The cross-family check found it faithful. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-ch-cn-mofcom-2024-46-us-3","sourceRole":"primary","support":"context","locator":"operative sentence","passage":"MOFCOM Announcement No. 72 of 2025 (dated 9 November 2025) suspends paragraph 2 of Announcement No. 46 of 2024 from that day until 27 November 2026.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. The cross-family check found it faithful. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-ch-cn-mofcom-2024-46-us-4","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"paragraph 2","passage":"The paragraph applies this to exports to the United States of gallium-, germanium-, antimony- and superhard-material-related dual-use items.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Added at the admission of the compute, power and orbit pack (research/compute-power-orbit). The rest of the quoted sentence, given by paraphrase to keep within the quotation limit for this 225-word text. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-orb-oc1-lumen-2024-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 2, \"Reduced Operating Expenses\"","passage":"Data centers in space can utilize high-intensity 24/7 solar power unhindered by day/night cycles, weather, and atmospheric losses (attenuation).","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (19 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 79) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-orb-oc8-spacex-2026-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"paragraph 9","passage":"with no ongoing operational or maintenance needs","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (7 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 102) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-ch-tsmc-chips-preliminary-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"paragraph 2","passage":"Department of Commerce announcing a preliminary agreement with Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC)","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (13 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-ch-tsmc-chips-preliminary-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"paragraph 2","passage":"the preliminary agreement is to support the construction of leading-edge semiconductor manufacturing facilities in the United States.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. The cross-family check found it faithful. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-ch-tsmc-chips-preliminary-3","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"paragraph 2","passage":"TSMC will also build a third chip factory in Phoenix, increasing its total investment in Arizona to $65 billion","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (19 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-ch-tsmc-chips-preliminary-4","sourceRole":"primary","support":"context","locator":"paragraph 2","passage":"the agreement also dedicates $50 million of CHIPS funding to training and developing the local workforce.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. The cross-family check found it faithful. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-ch-tsmc-chips-preliminary-5","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"paragraph 1","passage":"previously signed preliminary memorandum of terms, announced on April 8, 2024","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (11 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval (SHA-256 2ca428ef7b1833071d776f2fc88e08c5bc09dd8655b41978e5b2d1b1db07ee04; the bytes differ from the pack’s retrieval). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ab-scr-eo14110-sec44bii-nist-engagement-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Sec. 4.4(b)(ii), 88 FR 75201-75202","passage":"shall initiate an effort to engage with industry and relevant stakeholders, informed by the framework developed under subsection 4.4(b)(i) of this section, to develop and refine for possible use by synthetic nucleic acid sequence providers","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The quotation (35 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The subsection opens 'Within 180 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Director of NIST, in coordination with the Director of OSTP'. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item 65) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ab-scr-eo14110-sec44bii-nist-engagement-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Sec. 4.4(b)(ii)(A)-(D), 88 FR 75202","passage":"the four lettered items are specifications for effective nucleic acid synthesis procurement screening; best practices for managing the databases that support such screening; technical implementation guides; and conformity-assessment best practices and mechanisms.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. Paraphrased at heading level; the order's wording for item (B) names the kind of database, which is not reproduced. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item 65) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ab-fw-faif-2026-cbrn-safeguard-assessment-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF pp. 2–4; §2.1(a)","passage":"CBRN is one of the four named risk domains; the CBRN subsection states refusal safeguards against malicious use and continued assessment of how robust those safeguards are, and says public and internal benchmarks may measure dual-use capability and resistance to facilitation.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Added at the admission of the AI and biosecurity pack (research/ai-bio). The edition could not be read for the candidate pack or at admission: the publisher’s address failed and the Internet Archive refused this environment throughout. On 2026-10-30 the cross-family machine check opened the Internet Archive capture of 26 September 2026 (web.archive.org/web/20260926012707/https://media.x.ai/v1/website/xai-frontier-artificial-intelligence-framework-30-june-2026-99c40684.pdf), whose cover gives the effective date 30 June 2026, and reported the edition’s policy-level provisions. This record rests on that reading, which this admission could not repeat. The passage is Selekoa’s policy-level paraphrase of what the check reported, not a quotation of the edition. No human editorial review."},{"id":"evidence-ab-arg-d7-batalis-context-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Key takeaway 2, PDF p. 1","passage":"The biorisk landscape is not uniform, and specific scenarios and actors should be assessed individually.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The quotation (15 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The explainer is the primary source for its own takeaway. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item 109) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ab-arg-d1-peppin-contests-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"§5 Conclusion, PDF p. 12","passage":"We have found that the available literature does not support the notion that access to biological information and planning via current, publicly available LLMs can significantly increase biorisk.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The quotation (28 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The paper is the primary source for its own conclusion about the literature. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item 113) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"}],"at":{"entities":[0,1,5,21,45,49,51,57,74,200,201,314,333,341,370,377,477,496,515,516,544,557,562,624,747,797,813,814,822,911,967,1038,1082,1091,1097,1115,1122,1188,1191,1234,1246,1254,1260],"claims":[399,573,919,1131,1180,1221,1342,1348,1577,1580,1611,1693,1739,2071,2091,2155,2158,2304,2615,2839,3057,3078,3101,3217,3300,3360,3425,3429],"sources":[0,35,39,43,46,52,180,183,318,319,338,444,463,496,510,515,570,589,602,605,737,796,813,874,916,919,920,925,956,957,1070,1075],"evidence":[431,640,1137,1138,1373,1432,1513,1674,1681,1974,1977,2023,2024,2025,2139,2226,2227,2674,2675,2706,2707,2799,2802,2951,3281,3282,3633,3634,3990,3991,3992,3993,4044,4077,4384,4385,4386,4387,4388,4526,4527,4610,4724,4730]},"version":"1lg47t7"}