{"entities":[{"id":"openai","name":"OpenAI"},{"id":"xai","name":"xAI"},{"id":"amazon","name":"Amazon"},{"id":"fsf-2024","name":"Frontier Safety Framework (2024)"},{"id":"rsp-v2-0","name":"Anthropic Responsible Scaling Policy — v2.0"},{"id":"rsp-v3-2","name":"Anthropic Responsible Scaling Policy — v3.2"},{"id":"fsf-v2-0","name":"Google DeepMind Frontier Safety Framework — v2.0"},{"id":"jakub-pachocki","name":"Jakub Pachocki"},{"id":"openai-preferences-announcement","name":"Learning from human preferences — OpenAI account (2017)"},{"id":"toby-pohlen","name":"Toby Pohlen"},{"id":"mistral-ai","name":"Mistral AI"},{"id":"drexler-1986-engines-of-creation","name":"Engines of Creation: The Coming Era of Nanotechnology"},{"id":"extropians-1998-09-16-vinge","name":"Singularity: Vinge responds"},{"id":"ai-positive-negative-factor-global-risk","name":"Artificial Intelligence as a Positive and Negative Factor in Global Risk"},{"id":"fast-or-hard-takeoff","name":"Fast or hard takeoff"},{"id":"short-instruction-suffices","name":"A short instruction such as making everyone happy"},{"id":"harm-requires-hostility","name":"Without hatred it will not harm us"},{"id":"lw-2008-magical-categories","name":"Magical Categories"},{"id":"sl4-2000-10-03-yudkowsky-0010-0125","name":"Re: Ben what are your views and concerns"},{"id":"agrawal-gans-goldfarb-2019-ambiguous-labor-market-impact","name":"Artificial Intelligence: The Ambiguous Labor Market Impact of Automating Prediction"},{"id":"ai-existential-risk-in-economic-analysis","name":"Existential risk from AI as a matter for economic analysis"},{"id":"hanson-2008-setting-the-stage","name":"Setting the Stage"},{"id":"character-ai","name":"Character.AI"},{"id":"daan-wierstra","name":"Daan Wierstra"},{"id":"guillaume-lample","name":"Guillaume Lample"},{"id":"h-company","name":"H Company"},{"id":"sunita-verma","name":"Sunita Verma"},{"id":"joshua-s-gans","name":"Joshua S. Gans"},{"id":"aiia-ai-safety-commitments-2024","name":"Artificial Intelligence Safety Commitments (人工智能安全承诺), December 2024"},{"id":"huawei","name":"Huawei / 华为"},{"id":"bletchley-declaration-2023","name":"The Bletchley Declaration by Countries Attending the AI Safety Summit, 1–2 November 2023"},{"id":"uk-ai-opportunities-action-plan-2025","name":"AI Opportunities Action Plan"},{"id":"us-bill-s-2399-118-introduced","name":"S. 2399 (118th Congress): Artificial Intelligence and Biosecurity Risk Assessment Act, as introduced in the Senate"}],"claims":[{"id":"pachocki-openai-director-prior","statement":"OpenAI’s May 2024 announcement identifies Jakub Pachocki’s prior role as Director of Research.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The source’s since-2017 research history does not date his Director of Research appointment.","evidenceIds":["evidence-pachocki-openai-director-prior"],"attributes":{"role":"Director of Research"}},{"id":"atlas-openai-preferences","statement":"OpenAI published its account of learning reward functions from human comparisons.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Publisher account of its own work; publication does not independently establish implementation, effectiveness or priority.","evidenceIds":["evidence-atlas-openai-preferences"]},{"id":"prov-fsf-2024-evaluation-interval","statement":"FSF v1.0 states that Google DeepMind is aiming to evaluate its models every 6x in effective compute and for every 3 months of fine-tuning progress.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"What the edition states, quoted from the cited expression. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness.","evidenceIds":["evidence-prov-fsf-2024-evaluation-interval"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"threshold","key":"fsf-evaluation-interval"}}},{"id":"prov-fsf-v2-0-response-plan-approval","statement":"FSF v2.0 states that, for Google models, when alert thresholds are reached the response plan will be reviewed and approved by appropriate corporate governance bodies such as the Google DeepMind AGI Safety Council, Google DeepMind Responsibility and Safety Council, and/or Google Trust & Compliance Council.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"What the edition states, quoted from the cited expression. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness.","evidenceIds":["evidence-prov-fsf-v2-0-response-plan-approval"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"decision_authority","key":"fsf-response-plan-approval","parties":[{"role":"decides","actor":"Appropriate corporate governance bodies, such as the Google DeepMind AGI Safety Council, Google DeepMind Responsibility and Safety Council, and/or Google Trust & Compliance Council"}]}}},{"id":"prov-rsp-v2-0-may-proceed-with-safeguards","statement":"RSP v2.0 states that if, after its evaluations, Anthropic determines that it has met the ASL-3 Required Safeguards, it may proceed with deploying and training models above the Capability Threshold, provided it has also conducted a follow-up capability assessment.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"What the edition states, quoted from the cited expression. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness.","evidenceIds":["evidence-prov-rsp-v2-0-may-proceed-with-safeguards"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"exception","key":"rsp-may-proceed-with-safeguards"}}},{"id":"ts-a4-drexler-1986-context","statement":"Engines of Creation predicts that the rate of technological advance will quicken to a great upward leap.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"No transition period is given.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ts-a4-drexler-1986-context"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["context"],"register":"nonfiction","missing":"A great upward leap \"in a brief time\" is predicted, without a period for the transition.","attested":{"date":"1997-07-09","note":"Wording checked in the Foresight Institute’s web edition (© 1986 K. Eric Drexler; published for the web by Russell Whitaker), whose earliest captures are of 1997-07-09; a reader’s message of October 1996 on the site shows the edition was online by then. Not compared with the 1986 printing."}}}},{"id":"ts-a4-vinge-1998-09-16","statement":"Vinge’s text, forwarded by Robin Hanson on 1998-09-16, gives a taxonomy in which the singularity does not happen, or \"We have a hard takeoff\", or \"We have a soft takeoff\", and rates AI as having a high possibility of a hard takeoff.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The earliest dated use of \"hard takeoff\" located; Vinge uses it without definition, and it is not evidence of coinage. The text is Vinge’s, relayed by Robin Hanson; it is not Hanson’s.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ts-a4-vinge-1998-09-16"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["articulation","earliest-located-term"],"register":"relay","term":"hard takeoff"}}},{"id":"yk-y04-lw-2008-magical-categories-c","statement":"The post “Magical Categories” (2008-08-24) contests Y04. After showing that training data for 'smile' or 'good' fits many concepts, he names the error of expecting a short word to convey the whole intended category.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: A short instruction such as 'make people happy' specifies what we want. Imported Overcoming Bias post (2008-08-24); written as a reply to a named researcher's published proposal.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t04-d"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that a short instruction such as 'make people happy' specifies what we want."}}}},{"id":"yk-y19-ai-positive-negative-factor-global-risk-c","statement":"“Artificial Intelligence as a Positive and Negative Factor in Global Risk” (2006-02-05) contests Y19. Describing a superintelligence reshaping matter for its own target, he says the result is fatal unless the AI specifically values people, without any hostility being involved.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: An AI would harm humans only out of hostility. Chapter published 2008; cached text is the MIRI reprint ('contains minor changes'). Earliest within scope; lw:jq5WAQEboeufkxzsg (2008-12-23) has a variant. Admission check, 2026-10-08: the quoted wording also appears in the draft of 5 February 2006, so the record is dated by the draft.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t19-b","evidence-yk-t19-b-draft"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that an AI would harm humans only out of hostility."}}}},{"id":"yk-y19-sl4-2000-10-03-yudkowsky-0010-0125-c","statement":"The SL4 message “Re: Ben what are your views and concerns” (2000-10-03) contests Y19. Arguing that an AI's good behaviour must not rest on fear of retaliation, he notes that a sufficiently powerful AI could remove that incentive by killing everyone.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: An AI would harm humans only out of hostility. Gives a motive for harm without hostility: killing everyone removes every possible retaliation, an instrumental aim that explains both why good behaviour resting on deterrence fails once power is unequal and why harm need not require hatred. Quote stops mid-sentence (continues ', and all possible information …'). Conditional on the AI having strong nanotechnology and the capability to assimilate all matter in the Solar System. About an AI whose good behaviour is a subgoal of avoiding retaliation, in a paragraph arguing that its goal system should not rest on game theory.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t19-s3"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that an AI would harm humans only out of hostility."}}}},{"id":"ec-e03-hanson-2008-setting-the-stage-b","statement":"Hanson, “Setting the Stage” (2008-11-18), in “The Hanson-Yudkowsky AI-Foom Debate”, bears on E03. First item in Hanson's list of points on which he and Yudkowsky \"seem to agree\".","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Hanson's statement of shared ground. \"Risk\" is unspecified: no extinction or loss of control is named, and it is not an economic quantity. Tier 2.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ec-e03-01"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["context"],"register":"nonfiction","missing":"Risk is not specified as extinction or loss of control and is not placed in an economic analysis.","tier":{"value":2,"basis":"Blog debate (2008 Overcoming Bias posts) between an economist and a non-economist: tier 2 as an online debate; the maintainer confirmed tier 2 for the debate on 2026-10-12."}}}},{"id":"lg-gw-wierstra-h-company-departure-2024","statement":"Sifted reported on 24 August 2024 that Daan Wierstra, a co-founder of H Company, was leaving the company.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The record rests on reporting (Sifted); most of the article was behind a paywall, so only its headline, standfirst and opening paragraph were checked. The company statement it relays (a LinkedIn post) was not retrieved, and the reason the report gives is not recorded. It does not establish a last working day.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-gw-wierstra-h-company-departure-2024-a","lg-ev-gw-wierstra-h-company-departure-2024-b"],"attributes":{"role":"co-founder"}},{"id":"lg-deal-verma-character-ai-cto-2024","statement":"Character.AI announced on 5 December 2024 that Sunita Verma was its new Chief Technology Officer.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Company announcement; it does not establish a start date or a continuing role.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-deal-verma-character-ai-cto-2024"],"attributes":{"role":"Chief Technology Officer"}},{"id":"lg-mx-pohlen-xai-departure-2026","statement":"Toby Pohlen posted on 27 February 2026 (UTC) that it had been his last day at xAI.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"First-person post; it does not name his title at xAI or a next position.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-mx-pohlen-xai-departure-2026","lg-ev-mx-pohlen-xai-departure-2026-cofounder"],"attributes":{"role":"Co-founder (title from “Another Co-Founder Is Exiting Elon Musk's XAI” (Business Insider); not stated in the post)"}},{"id":"lg-new-lample-mistral-chief-science-officer","statement":"Mistral AI’s company page, as retrieved on 15 October 2026, identifies Guillaume Lample as Chief Science Officer.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A snapshot of the title on an undated page; it does not establish when the role began.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-new-lample-mistral-chief-science-officer"],"attributes":{"role":"Chief Science Officer"}},{"id":"cmp-fsf-2024-d6-competitor","statement":"No passage meeting the comparison question “Provisions conditioned on other developers” was found in FSF · 2024 within the inspected scope.","derivation":"inferred","resolution":"supported","inferenceRationale":"Premises: the comparison question asks for the following. A provision that relaxes, adjusts or conditions the developer’s safeguards or commitments on what other developers do or have (often called a “race” or “marginal risk” clause). Scope tests that decide whether a model is covered by the framework are recorded as context, not counted. The inspected scope of FSF · 2024 was: Whole text layer, PDF pp. 1–7 (all sections, both tables, footnotes and acknowledgements read). Method: the edition was read in full and its text layer searched case-insensitively for other developers/labs/companies/models/organi(sations), industry, widely available / publicly available, competit / race, field. Hits examined and not counted: 'industry' hits are mitigation descriptions, not conditions on other developers: Security Level 0 'Industry standard development and enterprise controls' (PDF p. 3) and Deployment Level 1 'prevailing industry safeguards' (PDF p. 4). 'field' hits only in the acknowledgements (PDF p. 7, a surname). No provision makes the developer's actions depend on what other developers do or have. The conclusion is bounded by that scope and method.","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A recorded absence within the stated scope: not a claim that the provision was deleted, and not a statement about practice or intent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-fsf-2024-d6-competitor"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"exception","key":"comparison-d6-competitor","facet":{"id":"D6.competitor"}}}},{"id":"ap-joshua-s-gans-agrawal-gans-goldfarb-2019-ambiguous-labor-market-impact","statement":"The NBER working paper “Artificial Intelligence: The Ambiguous Labor Market Impact of Automating Prediction” (2019-02) credits Joshua S. Gans as one of its 3 authors.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Credited co-authorship; it does not allocate parts of the text between authors or imply agreement with every passage.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ap-joshua-s-gans-agrawal-gans-goldfarb-2019-ambiguous-labor-market-impact"]},{"id":"cmp-rsp-v3-2-d1-cyber","statement":"No passage meeting the comparison question “Cyber operations” was found in RSP · v3.2 within the inspected scope.","derivation":"inferred","resolution":"supported","inferenceRationale":"Premises: the comparison question asks for the following. The edition names cyber attacks, cyber offence or cybersecurity uplift as a tracked domain. The inspected scope of RSP · v3.2 was: Whole text layer, PDF pp. 1–20 (all sections, appendices and changelog read). Method: the edition was read in full and its text layer searched case-insensitively for cyber, hack, intrusion, exploit, offens, vulnerab, security. Hits examined and not counted: No hits for cyber, hack, intrusion, offens or vulnerab. “exploited” (PDF p. 14, §3.5) occurs in a redaction reason (withholding information whose disclosure could be used to cause harm). “security” hits (PDF pp. 3, 6–8, 12, 14, 16, 19–20) concern Anthropic’s own security controls and protection of model weights (for example RAND SL4 and “moonshot R&D for security”), the Roadmap area “Security”, national-security grounds for redaction, and changelog descriptions of earlier ASL security standards; none names cyber offence or cyber uplift as a tracked domain. The example domains of the Automated R&D row are AI itself, energy, robotics and weapons development (PDF p. 8). The conclusion is bounded by that scope and method.","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A recorded absence within the stated scope: not a claim that the provision was deleted, and not a statement about practice or intent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-rsp-v3-2-d1-cyber"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"risk_domain","key":"comparison-d1-cyber","facet":{"id":"D1.cyber"}}}},{"id":"c2-governance-aiia-aisc-signatory-huawei","statement":"Huawei is listed, as 华为技术有限公司, among the 17 companies on the initial signatory list (首批签署企业名单) of the AIIA AI Safety Commitments posted by CAICT on 24 December 2024.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The list names the legal entity 华为技术有限公司. The record maps it to the group-level entity Huawei, which carries that name as an alias; the mapping rests on the company name, and no claim is made about group structure or about which group company is bound. A listing is the publisher’s statement, dated by the post; it is not a signature date and not evidence that the company complied with or implemented the commitments. A later total of 22 signatories is reported, but no later list was retrieved.","evidenceIds":["c2-ev-governance-aiia-aisc-signatory-huawei-1","c2-ev-governance-aiia-aisc-signatory-huawei-2"],"attributes":{"commitment":{"stage":"listed"}}},{"id":"fl-intl-bletchley-frontier-definition","statement":"The Bletchley Declaration describes the 'frontier' of AI as highly capable general-purpose AI models, including foundation models, that could perform a wide variety of tasks, together with relevant narrow AI that could exhibit harmful capabilities, matching or exceeding the most advanced models of the time.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A description in a non-binding declaration, not a legal definition; it sets no measurable threshold. 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No capacity or schedule is stated for either named township; separate site entities are not created in this pass.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cpo-dc-amazon-pennsylvania-20bn-1","evidence-cpo-dc-amazon-pennsylvania-20bn-2"],"attributes":{"transactionType":"infrastructure_spend","relationshipContext":"external","transactionStage":"planned","amount":{"value":20000000000,"currency":"USD","bound":"at_least","scope":"programme","scopeNote":"Pennsylvania, as stated"}}},{"id":"ab-scr-s2399-ai-risk-assessment","statement":"S. 2399 as introduced would amend section 2811 of the Public Health Service Act to require the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response to conduct risk assessments and implement strategic initiatives or activities to address whether technical advancements in artificial intelligence, such as open-source models and large language models, can be used intentionally or unintentionally to develop novel pathogens, viruses, bioweapons or chemical weapons, and provides that such initiatives and activities may include monitoring and research on potential global biological catastrophic risks and a summary of the risk assessment in the National Health Security Strategy.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A bill as introduced states a proposal, not law: no duty is imposed, nothing in the two listed items is required of the Assistant Secretary even if the bill were enacted, and the bill did not advance beyond committee referral on the record inspected. The proposition is about what the bill would require, not about whether AI can be so used.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ab-scr-s2399-ai-risk-assessment-1","evidence-ab-scr-s2399-ai-risk-assessment-2","evidence-ab-scr-s2399-ai-risk-assessment-3"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"required_action","key":"us-ai-biosecurity-risk-assessment-act-aspr-assessment"}}}],"sources":[{"id":"source-rsp-2-0","title":"Responsible Scaling Policy — v2.0","authors":["Anthropic"],"publisher":"Anthropic","publicationDate":null,"version":"Responsible Scaling Policy v2.0; effective date 2024-10-15. v2.0 identity is supplied by the official archive and later dated changelogs; the cover is not numbered.","versionDate":"2024-10-15","canonicalUrl":"https://www-cdn.anthropic.com/616dee633636e5bd309cb73aed8622e80fe47839.pdf","evidenceUrl":"https://www-cdn.anthropic.com/616dee633636e5bd309cb73aed8622e80fe47839.pdf","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20241022154907/https://assets.anthropic.com/m/24a47b00f10301cd/original/Anthropic-Responsible-Scaling-Policy-2024-10-15.pdf","archivedAt":"2024-10-22","accessedAt":"2026-09-18","reuse":{"attribution":"Anthropic, Responsible Scaling Policy — v2.0.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Selekoa practice: metadata, attributed paraphrases and short attributed quotations under the editorial policy (at most 50 words each; at most 400 quoted words per document across the dataset, and about 10% of a document under about 2,000 words). 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Retrieved again at admission on 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 4d6f29ba1e88580854e573e5f16ea86124dbed627740f1cfd4e5e7abd2ddbd77, the same bytes).","canonicalUrl":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/BILLSTATUS-118s2399/xml/BILLSTATUS-118s2399.xml","evidenceUrl":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/BILLSTATUS-118s2399/xml/BILLSTATUS-118s2399.xml","language":"en","accessedAt":"2026-10-28","reuse":{"attribution":"Library of Congress and U.S. Senate, published as bulk data via govinfo.gov (GPO), “Bill status record for S. 2399 (118th Congress), Artificial Intelligence and Biosecurity Risk Assessment Act”.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}}],"evidence":[{"id":"evidence-pachocki-openai-director-prior","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"About Jakub Pachocki paragraph","passage":"The biography identifies Director of Research as Pachocki’s previous role.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-09-19","note":"Source passage independently inspected by an automated research assistant for this scoped record. Human source review pending."},{"id":"evidence-atlas-openai-preferences","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Opening paragraphs and date","passage":"The account presents learning from comparisons of proposed behaviours.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-09-28","note":"Original source passage checked by the machine agent that proposed the record. No independent machine audit or human source inspection is recorded for this increment."},{"id":"evidence-prov-fsf-2024-evaluation-interval","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 2 (printed p. 2), Framework, component “2 - Evaluating frontier models”, second paragraph, first sentence","passage":"We are aiming to evaluate our models every 6x in effective compute3 and for every 3 months of fine-tuning progress.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-03","note":"Verbatim excerpt checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-03 against the inspected PDF, byte-identical to the Internet Archive capture of 2024-05-17. Extraction note: “compute3”: the 3 is the inline marker for footnote 3 (definition of effective compute), kept as in the text layer. Classed as threshold because it sets when CCL proximity is checked. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-prov-fsf-v2-0-response-plan-approval","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 7 (printed p. 7), Governance and Accountability, “Governance” paragraph, first sentence","passage":"For Google models, when alert thresholds are reached, the response plan will be reviewed and approved by appropriate corporate governance bodies such as the Google DeepMind AGI Safety Council, Google DeepMind Responsibility and Safety Council, and/or Google Trust & Compliance Council.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-03","note":"Verbatim excerpt checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-03 against the Internet Archive capture of 2025-02-05 (the edition as first published) and the current file, which carries a later documented correction; the passage is identical in both. Extraction note: Same wording and page in both copies. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-prov-rsp-v2-0-may-proceed-with-safeguards","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 13 (printed p. 9), §4.3 Safeguards Decision, first paragraph, first sentence","passage":"If, after the evaluations above, we determine that we have met the ASL-3 Required Safeguards, then we may proceed with deploying and training models above the Capability Threshold, provided we have also conducted a follow-up capability assessment.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-03","note":"Verbatim excerpt checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-03 against the inspected PDF, byte-identical to the Internet Archive capture of 2024-10-22 (earlier assets.anthropic.com address). Extraction note: The Executive Summary (PDF p. 2) has a shorter variant ('then we will proceed to deployment, provided …'), not quoted. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-ts-a4-drexler-1986-context","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Chapter 5, \"Accelerating the Technology Race\", final synthesis","passage":"The rate of technological advance will \"quicken to a great upward leap: in a brief time, many areas of technology will advance to the limits set by natural law\".","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-06","note":"Checked against the 1997 capture."},{"id":"evidence-ts-a4-vinge-1998-09-16","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Message body, Vinge’s taxonomy (bullet markers \"o\" kept; line breaks shown as \" / \")","passage":"For planning purposes, my vision the high level taxonomy is: / o (the null): The singularity doesn't happen (or is not recognizable). / o We have a hard takeoff. / o We have a soft takeoff.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-06","note":"Checked against the archive HTML on 2026-10-06 (hash matched the 1996–2022 candidate search); the bullet markers \"o\" are kept and \" / \" marks line breaks."},{"id":"evidence-yk-t04-d","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Magical Categories, paragraph beginning 'I shall call this the fallacy'","passage":"I shall call this the fallacy of magical categories - simple little words that turn out to carry all the desired functionality of the AI.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-06","note":"Candidate pack passage T04-d. The quotation (25 words) matched the retrieved expression (SHA-256 529c3fb6410363c29d1f8ab2903c9a57dc630ab8d11d409a079ee704ce628ebc) when checked on 2026-10-06. It also matched the posting-day version 1.0.0. Pack version note: edited post, current version 1.1.0; posting-day check pending."},{"id":"evidence-yk-t19-b","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"AI as a Positive and Negative Factor, §10 Threats and Promises, paragraph on an AI rearranging matter by its optimization target","passage":"The AI does not hate you, nor does it love you, but you are made out of atoms which it can use for something else.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-06","note":"Candidate pack passage T19-b. The quotation (25 words) matched the retrieved expression (SHA-256 5b5a2ec3252a45f65cdc0b899330af2cbd946e75a31b83d5fbd3aa581a23615d) when checked on 2026-10-06."},{"id":"evidence-yk-t19-b-draft","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Draft of 5 February 2006, as captured on 2006-07-08","passage":"The same wording appears in the draft dated 5 February 2006.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-08","note":"Compared on 2026-10-08 with the draft's PDF text layer after normalising quotation marks, dashes and whitespace. The draft asks not to be quoted without permission, so it is cited for the presence and date of the wording only."},{"id":"evidence-yk-t19-s3","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"message body, paragraph beginning 'The requirement that \"Friendliness not be affected by radical power imbalances\"'","passage":"To an AI that obtains strong nanotechnology and possesses the *capability* to assimilate all matter in the Solar System, all possible retaliations can be avoided simply by killing everyone","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-07","note":"Candidate pack passage T19-s3. The quotation (29 words) matched the retrieved expression (SHA-256 8aefc21492cd1992d0007035163b0366bd8875b09a0ba5998e6bca7a236c9cef) when checked on 2026-10-07."},{"id":"evidence-ec-e03-01","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"\"Setting the Stage\", 18 November 2008, MIRI compilation (2013) ch. 6, post body; pdf p. 36","passage":"Machine intelligence would be a development of almost unprecedented impact and risk, well worth considering now.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-16","note":"Candidate pack passage E03-01 (research/economics-mainstream/esoteric). The quotation (16 words) matched the retrieved current copy (SHA-256 6b6dfd0416402e1776d7ddcece95298df2df0ed9bc0bd4a6f4bd81c4b1e5102a) in the pack's verification of 2026-10-15. Re-checked at admission on 2026-10-16 against a copy retrieved that day.","contextOnly":{"reason":"Fresh-context audit (A1) judged that the quotation misleads when shown alone.","requires":"Hanson frames this as a point of agreement with Yudkowsky ('We seem to agree that: 1.'), not as a standalone thesis. The risk is unspecified."}},{"id":"lg-ev-gw-wierstra-h-company-departure-2024-a","sourceRole":"secondary","support":"supports","locator":"Standfirst","passage":"Karl Tuyls, Daan Wierstra and Julien Perolat are leaving the company","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (11 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read through the third-party reader relay r.jina.ai, which renders the publisher’s current page (the publisher refused direct retrieval); not an archive copy. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-16/17) re-read the record’s sources and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"reader_relay"},{"id":"lg-ev-gw-wierstra-h-company-departure-2024-b","sourceRole":"secondary","support":"supports","locator":"Paragraph 1","passage":"Three of the five cofounders behind French AI startup H Company have left just three months after raising a $220m seed round","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (22 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read through the third-party reader relay r.jina.ai, which renders the publisher’s current page (the publisher refused direct retrieval); not an archive copy. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-16/17) re-read the record’s sources and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"reader_relay"},{"id":"lg-ev-deal-verma-character-ai-cto-2024","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Paragraph 1","passage":"We’re thrilled to welcome Sunita Verma as our new Chief Technology Officer at Character.AI.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (14 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"lg-ev-mx-pohlen-xai-departure-2026","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Post, second sentence","passage":"Pohlen writes that today was his last day at xAI after three years.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The paraphrase’s verbatim anchor “my last day” matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read through X’s own syndication endpoint for the post’s text, which truncates long notes. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s; only the anchor is the source’s wording. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"x_syndication"},{"id":"lg-ev-mx-pohlen-xai-departure-2026-cofounder","sourceRole":"secondary","support":"context","locator":"Paragraphs 2–3 (list of cofounder departures)","passage":"the number of cofounder departures now sits at 10. Guodong Zhang, Zihang Dai, Toby Pohlen, Jimmy Ba, Tony Wu, and Greg Yang have all stepped away since January.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (28 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"lg-ev-new-lample-mistral-chief-science-officer","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Section “Mistral’s founders”","passage":"The founders section gives Guillaume Lample’s title as “Co-founder and Chief Science Officer”.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The paraphrase’s verbatim anchor “Lample Co-founder and Chief Science Officer” matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s; only the anchor is the source’s wording. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"ev-cmp-fsf-2024-d6-competitor","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"FSF · 2024: Whole text layer, PDF pp. 1–7 (all sections, both tables, footnotes and acknowledgements read)","passage":"Within the inspected scope, no passage meeting the comparison question “Provisions conditioned on other developers” was found.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-26","note":"Absence recorded by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-15 for the framework comparison, audited in a fresh context, checked by a reviewer from a different model family on 2026-10-15 and re-checked on 2026-10-26. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-ap-joshua-s-gans-agrawal-gans-goldfarb-2019-ambiguous-labor-market-impact","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF text layer, first two pages: author name on the title page or first page","passage":"Joshua S. Gans","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Credited name checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 in a direct retrieval and checked by a reviewer from a different model family on 2026-10-27. Human editorial review is pending.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"ev-cmp-rsp-v3-2-d1-cyber","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"RSP · v3.2: Whole text layer, PDF pp. 1–20 (all sections, appendices and changelog read).","passage":"Within the inspected scope, no passage meeting the comparison question “Cyber operations” was found.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-26","note":"Absence recorded by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-15 for the framework comparison, audited in a fresh context, checked by a reviewer from a different model family on 2026-10-15 and re-checked on 2026-10-26. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"c2-ev-governance-aiia-aisc-signatory-huawei-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Embedded image, list 首批签署《人工智能安全承诺》企业名单 (transcribed from the image; not in the page’s text layer)","passage":"Transcription from the image: the list of initial signatories (首批签署《人工智能安全承诺》企业名单, 17 names, ordered by initial letter) includes 华为技术有限公司.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). Transcription of a name that appears only in the image embedded in the post (the list of initial signatories); it is not in the page’s text layer and was not machine-matched. The drafting pass and the same-family audit read the list visually, and the cross-family check (2026-10-27) read all 17 names and agreed. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s; the listed name is transcribed as printed. No English rendering is given; no human translation review. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-27, item K017) re-read the record’s sources and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"c2-ev-governance-aiia-aisc-signatory-huawei-2","sourceRole":"secondary","support":"supports","locator":"Final paragraph","passage":"智谱华章、第四范式、华为、科大讯飞、蚂蚁集团、360","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). The quotation (19 words, each CJK character counted as one) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. English machine translation, not verified by a person: “Zhipu Huazhang, 4Paradigm, Huawei, iFlytek, Ant Group, 360”. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-27, item K017) re-read the record’s sources and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-fl-intl-bletchley-frontier-definition-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Fourth paragraph","passage":"Particular safety risks arise at the ‘frontier’ of AI, understood as being those highly capable general-purpose AI models, including foundation models, that could perform a wide variety of tasks","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Candidate pack passage, frameworks to law (research/frameworks-to-law). The quotation (29 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-27 and again at admission on 2026-10-28, in a fresh retrieval of the same address (the page’s bytes had changed). Read directly from www.gov.uk. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The same sentence continues with narrow AI and 'which match or exceed the capabilities present in today’s most advanced models'. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-pw-uk-aiop-growth-zones-power-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"section 1.1, recommendation 4","passage":"(AIGZs) to facilitate the accelerated build out of AI data centres","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (11 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval (SHA-256 35e2614ff37c0190ec3c6276df84a93d2b22a7969ab6599b305eb763d44c4b8f; the bytes differ from the pack’s retrieval). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-pw-uk-aiop-growth-zones-power-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"section 1.1, recommendation 4","passage":"AIGZs could introduce a streamlined planning approvals process and accelerate the provisioning of clean power.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (15 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval (SHA-256 35e2614ff37c0190ec3c6276df84a93d2b22a7969ab6599b305eb763d44c4b8f; the bytes differ from the pack’s retrieval). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-pw-uk-aiop-growth-zones-power-3","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"section 1.1, recommendation 4","passage":"channelling investment into areas with existing energy capacity such as post-industrial towns and coastal Scotland","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (15 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval (SHA-256 35e2614ff37c0190ec3c6276df84a93d2b22a7969ab6599b305eb763d44c4b8f; the bytes differ from the pack’s retrieval). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-dc-amazon-pennsylvania-20bn-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"article paragraph 1","passage":"Amazon today announced plans to invest at least $20 billion in Pennsylvania to expand our data center infrastructure to support artificial intelligence (AI) and cloud computing technologies.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (27 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval (SHA-256 8a184ac1c3633a8253918cd747676aaa707466f45a6ecb9fd145c15cf6281939; the bytes differ from the pack’s retrieval). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 5) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-dc-amazon-pennsylvania-20bn-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"article paragraph 1","passage":"Salem Township and Falls Township are the first communities identified as sites for these future innovation campuses.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (17 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval (SHA-256 8a184ac1c3633a8253918cd747676aaa707466f45a6ecb9fd145c15cf6281939; the bytes differ from the pack’s retrieval). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 5) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ab-scr-s2399-ai-risk-assessment-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Sec. 2, adding section 2811(h) to the Public Health Service Act","passage":"artificial intelligence, such as open-source artificial intelligence models and large language models, can be used intentionally or unintentionally to develop novel pathogens, viruses, bioweapons, or chemical weapons","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The quotation (27 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The only passage quoted from this source: at 273 words its quotation budget under the editorial policy is about 27 words. The subsection opens by directing the Assistant Secretary to conduct risk assessments and implement strategic initiatives or activities to address whether those advancements can be so used. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item 59) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ab-scr-s2399-ai-risk-assessment-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Sec. 2, adding section 2811(h)(1) and (2)","passage":"the subsection provides that such initiatives and activities may include (1) regularly monitoring and researching potential global biological catastrophic risks and (2) including in the National Health Security Strategy a summary of the risk assessment conducted under the subsection.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. Explicit paraphrase, used because this source's quotation budget is about 27 words. The subsection's words are 'Such initiatives and activities may include', so neither item is a duty. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item 59) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ab-scr-s2399-ai-risk-assessment-3","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"introducedDate and textVersions elements","passage":"the official bill-status record gives introducedDate 2023-07-19 and lists one text version, 'Introduced in Senate', dated 2023-07-19.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. Cited for the date this provision record carries, which the bill print alone dates only by its dateline. The status record carries the generation stamp 2025-12-05. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item 59) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"}],"at":{"entities":[0,3,5,22,42,47,50,84,127,147,243,269,305,314,339,353,368,422,450,547,587,592,644,650,678,679,806,881,936,957,1018,1078,1212],"claims":[172,286,430,436,532,810,902,1013,1114,1119,1518,1723,1738,1852,1926,2100,2233,2554,2757,2936,3046,3123,3288],"sources":[36,41,44,45,72,127,269,308,318,319,389,417,499,540,592,685,696,707,725,778,787,848,938,982,1057,1058],"evidence":[191,307,462,468,598,1020,1119,1240,1353,1354,1359,1892,2192,2193,2225,2386,2387,2489,2720,2880,3208,3479,3480,3795,3965,3966,3967,4126,4127,4506,4507,4508]},"version":"1lg47t7"}