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Not compared with the 1985 journal pages."}}}},{"id":"ts-c1-gudeman-1991","subject":"gudeman-1991-awareness","predicate":"articulates_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"behavioural-tests-as-evidence"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"Gudeman’s 1991 message argues that a program’s success in the Turing test depends on the persona and the testers, and that no point in that continuum of results shows awareness in the sense that a human is aware.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"1991-11-27","basis":"publication","note":"Date header 27 Nov 91 20:18:25 GMT; the local receipt line, 1 December, is a separate timestamp."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A claim about awareness and the interpretation of test results, not about safety evaluation or later behaviour.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ts-c1-gudeman-1991"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["articulation"],"register":"nonfiction"}}},{"id":"ts-a3-hanson-1998-09-24-context","subject":"extropians-1998-09-24-hanson","predicate":"bears_on_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"recursive-self-improvement"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"Hanson’s reply of 1998-09-24 says positive feedback and the ability to redesign AI architectures are long-standing and do not obviously suggest a break with history.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"1998-09-24","basis":"publication","note":"Sent header: Thu, 24 Sep 1998 09:51:22 -0700 (sender-local date)."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Disputing a discontinuity concerns speed, so the reply is context here and contesting under A1.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ts-a3-hanson-1998-09-24-context"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["context"],"register":"nonfiction","missing":"It accepts that feedback and the ability to redesign AI architectures are long-standing and disputes only that they imply a break with history, which concerns speed (A1, A4) rather than self-improvement."}}},{"id":"yk-y01-sl4-2006-06-06-yudkowsky-0606-15174-c","subject":"sl4-2006-06-06-yudkowsky-0606-15174","predicate":"contests_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"switch-off-if-dangerous"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"The SL4 message “Re: [agi] Two draft papers: AI and existential risk; heuristics and biases” (2006-06-06) contests Y01. Replying to Ben Goertzel (thread cross-posted from the AGI list), he criticises a plan to experiment with AGI without emergency shutdown features or a published schedule of when they become necessary, comparing it to an investor who set no point at which to take alarm and sell.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2006-06-06","basis":"publication","note":"Archive author index lists the message as \"Tue Jun 06 2006 - 23:19:49 MDT\" under \"Eliezer S. Yudkowsky\"."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: We will recognise the moment when it has become dangerous enough to press the switch. He argues for building emergency shutdown features in advance; what he rejects is relying on recognising the moment without a pre-committed threshold. Addressed to Ben Goertzel; the same message asks for built-in \"controlled ascent / emergency shutdown\" features, so it does not dismiss shutdown mechanisms.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t01-s5"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that we will recognise the moment when it has become dangerous enough to press the switch."}}}},{"id":"yk-y06-ai-box-experiment-page-c","subject":"ai-box-experiment-page","predicate":"contests_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"confinement-keeps-it-safe"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"“The AI-Box Experiment” (2002) contests Y06. Explains the rule that the AI party wins only if the gatekeeper voluntarily lets it out, and names the claim the experiment was meant to test. The page describes two 2002 role-play tests in which Yudkowsky played the AI.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2002","basis":"publication","note":"Page states \"This document is ©2002\"; the current page is a 2020 re-hosting (posted September 4, 2020, updated July 2, 2021) and carries a CC BY-ND 3.0 licence and a MIRI footer, so it was revised after 2002. The 2002 wording was not compared. Precision: year (stated copyright)."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: A smarter-than-human mind confined to a channel with its human operators cannot get out through those operators. The page carries ©2002 and says the protocol was written after the second (July 2002) test; the cached WordPress page is dated 4 September 2020, updated 2 July 2021. The experiments are self-described as anecdotal evidence. The quoted claim is the one he defended; the first such test was proposed on SL4 on 8 March 2002.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t06-c"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction","attested":{"date":"2021-07-02","note":"The page states ©2002, but the copy retrieved is a 2020 re-hosting (posted 2020-09-04, updated 2021-07-02) with a later licence and footer; the 2002 wording was not compared."},"engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that a smarter-than-human mind confined to a channel with its human operators cannot get out through those operators."}}}},{"id":"yk-y30-time-2023-shut-it-all-down-c","subject":"time-2023-shut-it-all-down","predicate":"contests_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"default-outcome-good"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"“Pausing AI Developments Isn't Enough. We Need to Shut it All Down” (2023-03-29) contests Y30. Opening his case against a six-month pause, he states what he expects from building superhuman AI under present conditions.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-03-29","basis":"publication","note":"Page metadata datePublished 2023-03-29T22:01:58Z. The page title currently reads \"The Only Way to Deal With the Threat From AI? Shut It Down\"; the headline is the one crossposted to LessWrong on 2023-04-08."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: The default outcome is good. Conditional on \"anything remotely like the current circumstances\"; the same paragraph says survival is possible in principle with precision, preparation and new scientific insights.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t30-a"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that the default outcome is good."}}}},{"id":"ec-g07-hanson-economic-growth-given-machine-intelligence-a","subject":"hanson-economic-growth-given-machine-intelligence","predicate":"articulates_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"machine-substitution-lowers-wages"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"Hanson, “Economic Growth Given Machine Intelligence” (2000-08-19) articulates G07. In the paper's model, wages first rise and later fall at the rate of computer price declines, while growth rates rise. States the extreme case of the model's wage path.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2000-08-19","note":"The file carries no date (PDF creation metadata 2000-06-22; Berkeley address). Dated by the earliest retrieved capture, which attests the wording (maintainer decision 2026-10-09)."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The paper adds that falling wages \"may be consistent with a rapidly rising per-capita income for humans\" if humans keep a share of capital.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ec-g07-b","evidence-ec-g07-c"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["earliest-located"],"register":"nonfiction","claimed":{"date":"1998","note":"Author's own citation in the December 2000 paper. The PDF gives the author's Berkeley address; his vita lists a Berkeley postdoc in 1997–1999 and a George Mason post from 1999. The 1998 wording was not retrieved."},"attested":{"date":"2000-08-19","note":"Capture of the PDF (PDF metadata: created 2000-06-22). No earlier capture was retrieved: year-only Wayback requests for this URL and for hanson.berkeley.edu/aigrow.pdf found none, and the CDX index was unavailable during retrieval, so an earlier capture is not excluded."},"tier":{"value":1,"basis":"Tier 1 (unchanged). Working paper with a formal growth model, abstract and references; the checked file gives an econ.berkeley.edu contact address, and the author's December 2000 working paper is issued from the Department of Economics, George Mason University."},"conditions":"Exogenous-growth model with machine labour substituting for human labour; falling computer prices."}}},{"id":"ec-m05-armer-1966-computer-aspects-of-technological-change-b","subject":"armer-1966-computer-aspects-of-technological-change","predicate":"bears_on_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"machines-cheaper-at-every-task"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"Armer, “Computer Aspects of Technological Change (selection)” (1966) bears on M05. Speakers: Paul Armer, The RAND Corporation (computer specialist; not an economist), in a selection from a study prepared for the Commission; Paul Armer, The RAND Corporation, relaying Herbert A. Simon. Armer adopts Herbert A. Simon's distinction (The Shape of Automation, 1965) between technological and economic radicalism. Armer cites Simon, The Shape of Automation (New York: Harper & Row, 1965), as the source of the technological/economic radical-conservative distinction.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"1966","basis":"publication","note":"Date of the book; Armer (RAND Corporation) is a computer specialist, not an economist. Checked in a current copy; an archive capture was not available, so earlier bytes are not authenticated."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"(First passage) Appears in an economics volume and a Commission appendix study, but the author is not an economist. Matches the cached .txt. From the Prentice-Hall condensation, whose editors say deletions were not marked and bridging words were inserted; Armer's original study in the Commission's Appendix Vol. I was not retrieved. (Second passage) The passage reports a view the author does not state as their own. Relay. Useful as a pointer to Simon (an economist and organisation theorist) for M09, but needs Simon's own text. From the Prentice-Hall condensation, whose editors say deletions were not marked and bridging words were inserted; Armer's original study in the Commission's Appendix Vol. I was not retrieved.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ec-m05-05","evidence-ec-m05-06"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["context"],"register":"nonfiction","missing":"(M05-05) A technological claim restricted to information-processing tasks. The author explicitly rejects the economic consequence (see the next record) and says nothing about relative cost or new tasks. (M05-06) Armer's paraphrase of Simon's technological forecast, not Simon's text. Armer reports Simon as an 'economic conservative', which would not meet M05's economic condition.","tier":{"value":2,"basis":"Non-economist author (computer specialist, RAND Corporation)."},"conditions":"(M05-05) 'in time'. He says many remaining problems 'are very difficult' and calls himself a technological radical 'somewhat closer to the center' than Simon. (M05-06) Simon's view as characterised by Armer."}}},{"id":"lg-goo-uszkoreit-google-research-2017","subject":"jakob-uszkoreit","predicate":"held_role","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"google-research"},"topic":"people","statement":"Attention Is All You Need (arXiv v1, 12 June 2017) lists Jakob Uszkoreit with a Google Research affiliation.","time":{"kind":"snapshot","date":"2017-06-12","note":"arXiv v1 submission date."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"An author affiliation on a dated paper; it does not establish a title or tenure.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-goo-uszkoreit-google-research-2017"],"attributes":{"role":"author affiliation (Google Research)"}},{"id":"lg-deal-google-character-ai-agreement-2024","subject":"google","predicate":"licensing_hiring_agreement","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"character-ai"},"topic":"institutions","statement":"TechCrunch reported on 2 August 2024 that Google was signing a non-exclusive agreement to use Character.AI's technology and that Character.AI's co-founders and some other employees were joining Google.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2024-08-02","note":"Date of the report of the announced agreement; signing and effective dates not stated."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The record rests on reporting: TechCrunch relays Character.AI’s blog post and statements by Google and Shazeer; Character.AI’s own post could not be retrieved (404). Shazeer’s statement quoted by TechCrunch calls it the non-exclusive Google licensing agreement (context evidence). TechCrunch groups the deal with other “reverse acqui-hires”; it does not report an acquisition of Character.AI. Terms and payments are not recorded here.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-deal-google-character-ai-agreement-licence","lg-ev-deal-google-character-ai-agreement-hiring","lg-ev-deal-google-character-ai-agreement-shazeer","lg-ev-deal-google-character-ai-agreement-reverse"],"attributes":{"activityStage":"announced"}},{"id":"cmp-rsp-v2-2-d4-oversight","subject":"rsp-v2-2","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Board or external oversight"},"topic":"governance","statement":"RSP · v2.2 states a provision on the comparison question “Board or external oversight”, in a weaker form than the question’s criterion.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2025-05-14","basis":"effective","note":"Comparison cell for this edition, dated by the edition’s effective date."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Stated, partly: the passage has what the question’s criterion asks for, but in a weaker form than the criterion’s own words. The Board and LTBT are informed before deployment or training proceeds; no approval role on the decision is stated. An approximately annual third-party procedural compliance review is also committed (§7.2 item 4, PDF p. 17). What the edition states, quoted from the cited expression. 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No fifth category is named; misalignment and deception are named as sources of loss-of-control risk, not as separate categories. What the edition states, paraphrased from the cited expression with its page. 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The 7 October 2022 rule it revises is earlier than this pack’s period and is not recorded. A companion rule on semiconductor manufacturing items published the same day is not recorded (omission).","evidenceIds":["evidence-cpo-ch-bis-acr-2023-published-1","evidence-cpo-ch-bis-acr-2023-published-2","evidence-cpo-ch-bis-acr-2023-published-3"]},{"id":"aib-co-lai-xtalpi-cofounded","subject":"aib-lai-lipeng","predicate":"co_founded","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"aib-xtalpi"},"topic":"people","statement":"XtalPi's Hong Kong prospectus of 4 June 2024 names Dr. Lai Lipeng as one of its Co-founders.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2015","note":"Founding year as stated in the Hong Kong prospectus of 4 June 2024 (\"Established in 2015\"); no month or day, and no separate date of this co-founder's participation, is given."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Co-founding as stated in the prospectus definitions.","evidenceIds":["evidence-aib-co-lai-xtalpi-cofounded-1","evidence-aib-co-lai-xtalpi-cofounded-2"]},{"id":"aib-labs-iso-name-rationale-2021","subject":"aib-doc-iso-launch-2021","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Name explained as an isomorphic mapping between biology and information science"},"topic":"institutions","statement":"The launch article explains the company name by the view that biology \"can be thought of as an information processing system\" and that there may be \"an isomorphic mapping between the two\".","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2021-11","basis":"publication","note":"Month of the launch article as its original-period capture of 5 November 2021 displays it (“NOVEMBER 2021”), read by the cross-family machine check of 2026-10-30; the page as served in 2026 displays 1 November 2021, a day no contemporaneous expression confirms."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The article's own account of its name and outlook, recorded as stated; the view of biology as an information system is recorded separately as a proposition that texts state. 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The citing text does not identify which version of the work was read.","evidenceIds":["evidence-kp-cites-compute-optimal-language-models-zero-memory-optimizations-toward-training-2019-1"]},{"id":"kp-cites-instructgpt-paper-lamda-language-models-dialog-applications-2022","subject":"instructgpt-paper","predicate":"cites","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"kp-lamda-language-models-dialog-applications-2022"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback cites LaMDA: Language Models for Dialog Applications.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2022-03-04","basis":"publication","note":"Date of the citing source as recorded in the dataset; unknown where the dataset has none."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"An explicit reference only; neither agreement nor influence. 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No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-ch-bis-acr-2023-published-2","claimId":"cpo-ch-bis-acr-2023-published","sourceId":"source-cpo-ch-bis-acr-2023","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"88 FR 73458, DATES","passage":"This rule is effective November … 17, 2023, except for amendatory instruction 11","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (12 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The PDF text layer interleaves a column heading (\"Background\") between \"November\" and \"17\"; the ellipsis marks that layout break, not omitted words. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-ch-bis-acr-2023-published-3","claimId":"cpo-ch-bis-acr-2023-published","sourceId":"source-cpo-ch-bis-acr-2023","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"88 FR 73458, SUMMARY","passage":"This Advanced Computing/Supercomputing IFR (AC/S IFR) addresses comments received in response to only the part of the October 7 IFR that controls advanced computing ICs","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (25 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-aib-co-lai-xtalpi-cofounded-1","claimId":"aib-co-lai-xtalpi-cofounded","sourceId":"source-aib-companies-xtalpi-prospectus2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Definitions (PDF p. 55)","passage":"“Dr. Lai” Dr. Lai Lipeng (…), one of our Co-founders, an executive Director and our chief innovation officer","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI in biology (research/ai-in-biology). The quotation (17 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-30. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The Chinese name printed in the parentheses is not extracted in the PDF text layer; the ellipsis stands for that name, which is not quoted. The prospectus's issuer is QuantumPharm Inc., renamed XtalPi Holdings Limited in November 2024. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item A3) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-aib-co-lai-xtalpi-cofounded-2","claimId":"aib-co-lai-xtalpi-cofounded","sourceId":"source-aib-companies-xtalpi-prospectus2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Summary, \"Overview\" (PDF p. 10)","passage":"Established in 2015 by three postdoctoral physicists at MIT","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI in biology (research/ai-in-biology). The quotation (9 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-30. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. Gives the founding year by which the record is dated. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item A3) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-aib-labs-iso-name-rationale-2021-1","claimId":"aib-labs-iso-name-rationale-2021","sourceId":"source-aib-labs-iso-launch","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"section \"An AI-first approach to drug discovery and biology\"","passage":"the article says that biology can be thought of as an information processing system.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI in biology (research/ai-in-biology). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-30; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. Given as a paraphrase because the source’s quotation limit is shared with a record that quotes the fuller sentence. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-aib-labs-iso-name-rationale-2021-2","claimId":"aib-labs-iso-name-rationale-2021","sourceId":"source-aib-labs-iso-launch","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"section \"An AI-first approach to drug discovery and biology\", next sentence","passage":"the article says there may be a common underlying structure, an isomorphic mapping, between biology and information science, and that this is the reason for the company’s name.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI in biology (research/ai-in-biology). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-30; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. Given as a paraphrase to keep within the source’s quotation limit. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-aib-labs-iso-name-rationale-2021-3","claimId":"aib-labs-iso-name-rationale-2021","sourceId":"source-aib-iso-launch-capture","sourceRole":"primary","support":"context","locator":"Header and byline of the captured article","passage":"The launch article is dated November 2021, without a day, names Demis Hassabis as founder and chief executive, and announces the creation of the Alphabet company; its mission sentence has “from the ground up” where the later page has “from first principles”.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Added at the admission of the AI in biology pack (research/ai-in-biology). The cross-family machine check of 2026-10-30 opened the Internet Archive capture this source names; this admission could not reach the Internet Archive and did not repeat the reading. The passage is Selekoa’s paraphrase of what the check reported, not a quotation. No human editorial review."},{"id":"evidence-aib-mod-casp13-contact-precision-1","claimId":"aib-mod-casp13-contact-precision","sourceId":"source-aib-casp13-assessment","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"discussion of contact-prediction progress across CASP rounds","passage":"In CASPs 11 and 12 progress is the result of more sophisticated statistical models, together with largely conventional machine learning. The further jump in CASP13 is the result of the effective deployment of deep learning methods.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI in biology (research/ai-in-biology). The quotation (36 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-30. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-kp-cites-nist-ai-800-1-2pd-2025-compute-optimal-language-models-1","claimId":"kp-cites-nist-ai-800-1-2pd-2025-compute-optimal-language-models","sourceId":"source-nist-ai-800-1-2pd","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 64, reference or mention by title","passage":"The text names the work by its title.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, key papers (research/key-papers). The citation was matched (title) in the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and re-found by its mechanical check. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s. No human editorial review."},{"id":"evidence-kp-cites-compute-optimal-language-models-zero-memory-optimizations-toward-training-2019-1","claimId":"kp-cites-compute-optimal-language-models-zero-memory-optimizations-toward-training-2019","sourceId":"source-compute-optimal-language-models-v1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 19, reference or mention by title","passage":"The text names the work by its title.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, key papers (research/key-papers). The citation was matched (title) in the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and re-found by its mechanical check. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s. No human editorial review."},{"id":"evidence-kp-cites-instructgpt-paper-lamda-language-models-dialog-applications-2022-1","claimId":"kp-cites-instructgpt-paper-lamda-language-models-dialog-applications-2022","sourceId":"source-instructgpt-paper-v1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 25, reference by arXiv identifier","passage":"The text gives the arXiv identifier 2201.08239.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, key papers (research/key-papers). The citation was matched (arXiv identifier) in the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and re-found by its mechanical check. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item B080) found the citation in the citing text. No human editorial review."},{"id":"evidence-kp-cites-llama-paper-piqa-reasoning-about-physical-commonsense-2019-1","claimId":"kp-cites-llama-paper-piqa-reasoning-about-physical-commonsense-2019","sourceId":"source-xm-llama-paper","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"reference or mention by title","passage":"The text names the work by its title.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, key papers (research/key-papers). The citation was matched (title) in the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and re-found by its mechanical check. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item B085) found the citation in the citing text. No human editorial review."},{"id":"evidence-kp-authored-noam-shazeer-lamda-language-models-dialog-applications-2022-1","claimId":"kp-authored-noam-shazeer-lamda-language-models-dialog-applications-2022","sourceId":"source-kp-lamda-language-models-dialog-applications-2022-v1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 1, byline","passage":"Noam Shazeer","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, key papers (research/key-papers). The printed name (2 words) was found in the byline of the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28. No human editorial review."},{"id":"evidence-kp-authored-maarten-bosma-palm-scaling-language-modeling-pathways-2022-1","claimId":"kp-authored-maarten-bosma-palm-scaling-language-modeling-pathways-2022","sourceId":"source-kp-palm-scaling-language-modeling-pathways-2022-v1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 1, byline","passage":"Maarten Bosma","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, key papers (research/key-papers). The printed name (2 words) was found in the byline of the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28. No human editorial review."},{"id":"evidence-kp-authored-christian-szegedy-going-deeper-convolutions-2014-1","claimId":"kp-authored-christian-szegedy-going-deeper-convolutions-2014","sourceId":"source-kp-going-deeper-convolutions-2014-v1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 1, byline","passage":"Christian Szegedy","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, key papers (research/key-papers). The printed name (2 words) was found in the byline of the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28. No human editorial review."},{"id":"evidence-kp-shaping-korinek-stiglitz-omohundro-1","claimId":"kp-shaping-korinek-stiglitz-omohundro","sourceId":"source-korinek-stiglitz-2017-ai-income-distribution","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 36, section “Artificially Intelligent Agents and the Return of Malthus”, para. 1","passage":"it will act by pursuing intermediate objectives or “basic drives” that are instrumental for any final objective (Omohundro, 2008)","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, key papers (research/key-papers). The quotation (19 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 (research/key-papers/verification.json). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and line-break hyphens, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item B006) found the attribution at its locator and in the citing text’s reference entry. No human editorial review."},{"id":"evidence-th-tl-alphafold-2021-1","claimId":"th-tl-alphafold-2021","sourceId":"source-atlas-alphafold-paper","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"article page, abstract","passage":"We validated an entirely redesigned version of our neural network-based model, AlphaFold, in the challenging 14th Critical Assessment of protein Structure Prediction (CASP14)","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, Kinds of AI and technical history (research/technical-history). The quotation (23 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-29. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes, PDF line-break hyphens and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-th-sp-def-astar-1968-1","claimId":"th-sp-def-astar-1968","sourceId":"source-th-a-astar-auckland","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 1 (journal p. 100), Abstract","passage":"The abstract states that the paper describes how heuristic information from the problem domain can be incorporated into a formal mathematical theory of graph searching, and demonstrates an optimality property of a class of search strategies.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, Kinds of AI and technical history (research/technical-history). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-29; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. Read from the page image; no text layer. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-th-sp-def-astar-1968-2","claimId":"th-sp-def-astar-1968","sourceId":"source-th-a-astar-auckland","sourceRole":"primary","support":"context","locator":"PDF p. 3 (journal p. 102), section II.A","passage":"The search procedure is set out under the heading 'Search Algorithm A*'.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, Kinds of AI and technical history (research/technical-history). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-29; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. Read from the page image. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"c3-ev-sensetime-sensenova-u1-card","claimId":"c3-sensetime-sensenova-u1-card","sourceId":"c3-src-sensenova-u1-readme","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"README, “Models”","passage":"In this release, we are open-sourcing the SenseNova U1 Lite series in two sizes:","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, third collection (research/china-labs-3). The quotation (14 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-29 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day, read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"c3-ev-sensetime-sensenova-u1-card-title","claimId":"c3-sensetime-sensenova-u1-card","sourceId":"c3-src-sensenova-u1-readme","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"README title","passage":"SenseNova-U1: Unifying Multimodal Understanding and Generation with NEO-Unify Architecture","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, third collection (research/china-labs-3). The quotation (9 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-29 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day, read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"c3-ev-sensetime-sensenova-u1-card-ar","claimId":"c3-sensetime-sensenova-u1-card","sourceId":"c3-src-sensetime-ar2025","sourceRole":"primary","support":"context","locator":"Management Discussion and Analysis, 2025 highlights (text-layer lines 812–813)","passage":"and open-sourced the SenseNova-SI Spatial Intelligence Model.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, third collection (research/china-labs-3). The quotation (7 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-29 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day, read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-rd-b1-greenblatt-2024-alignment-faking-1","claimId":"rd-b1-greenblatt-2024-alignment-faking","sourceId":"source-rd-greenblatt-2024-alignment-faking","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Abstract, PDF p. 1","passage":"We additionally observe other behaviors such as the model exfiltrating its weights when given an easy opportunity.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, arguments about catastrophic risk from advanced AI (research/risk-debate). The quotation (17 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-29. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-rd-b1-greenblatt-2024-alignment-faking-2","claimId":"rd-b1-greenblatt-2024-alignment-faking","sourceId":"source-rd-greenblatt-2024-alignment-faking","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Abstract, PDF p. 1","passage":"We find the model complies with harmful queries from free users 12% of the time, versus almost never for paid users.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, arguments about catastrophic risk from advanced AI (research/risk-debate). The quotation (21 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-29. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-rd-r10b-zador-lecun-2019-dont-fear-the-terminator-1","claimId":"rd-r10b-zador-lecun-2019-dont-fear-the-terminator","sourceId":"source-rd-zador-lecun-2019-dont-fear-the-terminator","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Final paragraph","passage":"Even in the worst case, the robots will remain under our command, and we will have only ourselves to blame.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, arguments about catastrophic risk from advanced AI (research/risk-debate). The quotation (20 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-29. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-rd-reply-dafoe-russell-2016-yes-we-are-worried-to-etzioni-2016-experts-dont-think-1","claimId":"rd-reply-dafoe-russell-2016-yes-we-are-worried-to-etzioni-2016-experts-dont-think","sourceId":"source-rd-dafoe-russell-2016-yes-we-are-worried","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Paragraph 1","passage":"Oren Etzioni, a well-known AI researcher, complains about news coverage of potential long-term risks arising from future success in AI research","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-31","note":"Candidate pack passage, arguments about catastrophic risk from advanced AI (research/risk-debate). The quotation (21 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-29. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"}],"at":{"entities":[0,1,14,19,21,39,40,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,55,73,88,94,134,146,165,207,218,268,275,306,338,342,347,350,355,378,379,383,418,486,510,517,524,540,577,644,693,755,793,1047,1048,1064,1085,1336,1358,1386,1407,1457,1465,1494,1497,1498,1511,1550,1576,1664,1755,1812,1815,1823,1835,1927],"claims":[40,164,638,805,828,904,991,1031,1182,1283,1359,1585,1710,2063,2471,2663,3064,3517,3545,3595,4082,4177,4358,4383,4628,4645,4683,4705,4774,4852,5069,5164,5240,5338],"sources":[20,38,50,73,87,88,94,121,125,134,152,268,277,309,342,350,385,453,475,492,530,601,888,909,1149,1157,1180,1206,1361,1370,1410,1493,1663,1664,1729,1744,1820],"evidence":[42,183,767,768,1015,1039,1121,1217,1258,1434,1606,1607,1697,1698,1982,2168,2169,2170,2171,2665,3118,3341,4012,4013,4014,4836,4837,4887,4888,4889,4972,5540,5635,5816,5841,6086,6103,6141,6163,6247,6352,6353,6698,6699,6700,6866,6867,7003,7177]},"version":"131evrz"}