{"entities":[{"id":"openai","name":"OpenAI"},{"id":"anthropic","name":"Anthropic"},{"id":"google-deepmind","name":"Google DeepMind"},{"id":"google","name":"Google"},{"id":"rsp-v2-2","name":"Anthropic Responsible Scaling Policy — v2.2"},{"id":"rsp-v3-0","name":"Anthropic Responsible Scaling Policy — v3.0"},{"id":"rsp-v3-2","name":"Anthropic Responsible Scaling Policy — v3.2"},{"id":"fsf-v2-0","name":"Google DeepMind Frontier Safety Framework — v2.0"},{"id":"fsf-v3-0","name":"Google DeepMind Frontier Safety Framework — v3.0"},{"id":"faif-2025","name":"xAI Frontier Artificial Intelligence Framework — December 2025 edition"},{"id":"ashish-vaswani","name":"Ashish Vaswani"},{"id":"cohere","name":"Cohere"},{"id":"deepseek","name":"DeepSeek / 深度求索"},{"id":"liang-wenfeng","name":"Liang Wenfeng / 梁文锋"},{"id":"deepseek-v3-report","name":"DeepSeek-V3 Technical Report"},{"id":"deepseek-v3-cluster","name":"DeepSeek-V3 H800 training cluster"},{"id":"tsinghua-keg","name":"Tsinghua Knowledge Engineering Group / 知识工程实验室"},{"id":"zhipu-profile","name":"关于智谱 — company history"},{"id":"meta-faf-v1-1","name":"Meta Frontier AI Framework — Version 1.1"},{"id":"meta-aasf-v2-0","name":"Meta Advanced AI Scaling Framework — Version 2"},{"id":"inflection-ai","name":"Inflection AI"},{"id":"wh-voluntary-ai-commitments-2023-09","name":"Voluntary AI Commitments (September 2023)"},{"id":"gpai-code-of-practice-2025","name":"General-Purpose AI Code of Practice (final version, 10 July 2025)"},{"id":"moravec-1979-todays-computers","name":"Today’s Computers, Intelligent Machines and Our Future"},{"id":"extropians-1996-08-10-burkhead","name":"intelligence increase"},{"id":"creating-friendly-ai-2001","name":"Creating Friendly AI 1.0: The Analysis and Design of Benevolent Goal Architectures"},{"id":"rlo-2019-deceptive-alignment","name":"Deceptive Alignment (Risks from Learned Optimization, part 4)"},{"id":"recursive-self-improvement","name":"Recursive self-improvement"},{"id":"intelligence-brings-benevolence","name":"Sufficient intelligence brings good values"},{"id":"fix-problems-as-they-arise","name":"Problems can be fixed as they arise"},{"id":"earth-not-worth-taking","name":"A superintelligence would leave Earth alone"},{"id":"risk-is-film-fiction","name":"AI risk as film science fiction"},{"id":"time-2023-shut-it-all-down","name":"Pausing AI Developments Isn't Enough. We Need to Shut it All Down"},{"id":"extropians-1996-11-22-yudkowsky-3178","name":"Interim purpose"},{"id":"recent-economics-engagement-with-ai","name":"Recent entry of machine intelligence into mainstream economics"},{"id":"buckingham-1955-automation-hearings-statement","name":"Statement (testifying as an economist), in Automation and Technological Change: Hearings"},{"id":"ami-vora","name":"Ami Vora"},{"id":"essential-ai","name":"Essential AI"},{"id":"imbue","name":"Imbue"},{"id":"kanjun-qiu","name":"Kanjun Qiu"},{"id":"kevin-weil","name":"Kevin Weil"},{"id":"sean-white","name":"Sean White"},{"id":"lyle-burkhead","name":"Lyle Burkhead"},{"id":"joar-skalse","name":"Joar Skalse"},{"id":"sail-frontier-ai-risk-management-framework-v1-0","name":"Frontier AI Risk Management Framework (v1.0)"},{"id":"seoul-ministerial-statement-2024","name":"Seoul Ministerial Statement for advancing AI safety, innovation and inclusivity (22 May 2024)"},{"id":"us-eo-14110-2023","name":"Executive Order 14110: Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence"},{"id":"us-eo-14365-2025","name":"Executive Order 14365: Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence"},{"id":"nist-ai-800-1-ipd-2024","name":"NIST AI 800-1 (initial public draft): Managing Misuse Risk for Dual-Use Foundation Models"},{"id":"nist-ai-800-1-2pd-2025","name":"NIST AI 800-1 (second public draft): Managing Misuse Risk for Dual-Use Foundation Models"},{"id":"us-ostp-nucleic-acid-synthesis-screening-framework-2024","name":"Framework for Nucleic Acid Synthesis Screening"}],"claims":[{"id":"issued-fsf-2-0","statement":"Google DeepMind published Frontier Safety Framework v2.0, identified by its publication date of 2025-02-04.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Publication means a public document expression exists. The date is labelled publication; publication is not evidence that its requirements were implemented or effective in practice.","evidenceIds":["evidence-issued-fsf-2-0"]},{"id":"rsp-v3-company-industry-split","statement":"RSP v3.0 separates Anthropic’s own mitigation plans from its recommendations for industry-wide mitigation.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The source distinguishes plans pursued regardless of others from recommendations intended for collective adoption. This is a policy-structure change, not a conclusion that Anthropic became safer or less safe.","evidenceIds":["evidence-rsp-v3-company-industry-split"],"attributes":{"changeBasis":"publisher_statement"}},{"id":"anthropic-google-nonexclusive-2024","statement":"The CMA described a nonexclusive agreement for Google to supply compute capacity to Anthropic.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Public monetary commitments and duration are redacted. This is compute provision, separate from model distribution on Vertex AI and capital financing.","evidenceIds":["evidence-anthropic-google-nonexclusive-2024"],"attributes":{"transactionType":"cloud_services","relationshipContext":"external","transactionStage":"contracted"}},{"id":"cn-liang-v3","statement":"Wenfeng Liang is listed among the V3 report’s contributors.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Authorship credit does not establish responsibility for a particular method or management role.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cn-liang-v3"]},{"id":"cn-deepseek-h800","statement":"DeepSeek reported training V3 on a cluster of 2,048 NVIDIA H800 GPUs.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Reported training configuration, not total company capacity, ownership, purchase history or an independently inspected installation.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cn-deepseek-h800"],"attributes":{"transactionType":"infrastructure_use","relationshipContext":"internal","transactionStage":"operational","quantity":{"value":2048,"unit":"NVIDIA H800 GPUs in the V3 training cluster","bound":"exact"}}},{"id":"cn-zhipu-keg-origin","statement":"Zhipu’s origin account explicitly credits Tsinghua’s Knowledge Engineering Group.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Research origin does not establish ongoing university control, shareholding or transfer terms.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cn-zhipu-keg-origin"]},{"id":"prov-meta-faf-v1-1-uplift-assessment-approval","statement":"Frontier AI Framework v1.1 states that a final assessment of uplift is approved by senior-level decision-makers through Meta's AI Risk process.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"What the edition states, quoted from the cited expression. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness.","evidenceIds":["evidence-prov-meta-faf-v1-1-uplift-assessment-approval"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"decision_authority","key":"meta-uplift-assessment-approval","parties":[{"role":"decides","actor":"Senior-level decision-makers (AI Risk process)"}]}}},{"id":"absent-meta-aasf-v2-0-uplift-assessment-approval","statement":"No passage stating the provision “Senior-level decision-makers approve final uplift assessment” was found in Meta AASF · v2 within the inspected scope.","derivation":"inferred","resolution":"supported","inferenceRationale":"Premises: Meta FAF · v1.1 states this provision. The inspected scope of Meta AASF · v2 was: PDF pp. 1–44, all sections, footnotes and Appendix II – Change log. Method: Searched the text layer for 'uplift', 'senior', 'approv' and 'final assessment'; read §2.1–§2.3 and §3.3. No passage stating that a final assessment of uplift is approved by senior-level decision-makers was found. §2.1 AI Governance (PDF p. 4) says the centralized review process ensures senior decision-makers are involved throughout the lifecycle, and §2.1.2 (PDF p. 6) has the Chief AI Officer and Director of Alignment and Risk assign a risk threshold (recorded under a separate provision record). The conclusion is bounded by that scope and method.","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A recorded absence within the stated scope: not a claim that the provision was deleted, and not a statement about practice or intent.","evidenceIds":["evidence-absent-meta-aasf-v2-0-uplift-assessment-approval"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"decision_authority","key":"meta-uplift-assessment-approval"}}},{"id":"cm-wh-2023-09-cohere","statement":"The White House named Cohere among the eight companies from which it announced on 12 September 2023 that it had secured a second round of voluntary AI commitments.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The fact sheet links the September 2023 text, whose scope clause differs from the July text. Listing is the convener’s statement. It is not evidence that the organisation complied with, implemented or still maintains the commitments, and the legal effect of being listed is not recorded.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cm-wh-2023-09-cohere-1"],"attributes":{"commitment":{"stage":"listed"}}},{"id":"cm-eu-code-intent-anthropic","statement":"On 21 July 2025 Anthropic announced that, after review, it intended to sign the General-Purpose AI Code of Practice.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"An announced intention; the company’s entry on the Commission’s list of signatories is a separate record.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cm-eu-code-intent-anthropic-1"],"attributes":{"commitment":{"stage":"intent_announced"}}},{"id":"ts-a3-moravec-1979","statement":"Moravec’s essay argues that more processing power would let experiments, optimizing compilers and symbolic mathematics systems speed up research, and that the gains would improve the very systems being used, so that they contribute to their own improvement.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The improving systems are research tools used by people, not an autonomous AI. Its wording is attested only from 2001, so it cannot be the earliest located record.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ts-a3-moravec-1979"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["articulation"],"register":"nonfiction","qualifier":"Research tools contributing to their own improvement.","claimed":{"date":"1976-07-21","note":"The text is dated July 21, 1976, and marked \"this version 1978\"; earlier versions were not retrieved."},"attested":{"date":"2001-07-10","note":"Author-hosted HTML; the earliest Internet Archive capture, of 2001-07-10, is byte-identical to the copy retrieved in 2026. Not compared with the Analog pages."}}}},{"id":"yk-y02-lw-2008-that-tiny-note-of-discord-c","statement":"The post “That Tiny Note of Discord” (2008-09-23) contests Y02. Recapping his 2008 autobiographical series, he states that his 1997 self believed any superintelligence would automatically do what is right, and names the flaw in that belief.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t02-e"]},{"id":"yk-y02-sl4-2000-11-13-yudkowsky-0011-0181-c","statement":"The SL4 message “Re: Ben's \"Extropian Creed\"” (2000-11-13) contests Y02. Replying to Ben Goertzel about his newspaper article on Extropians and poverty, he describes his own work on Friendly AI and contrasts it with his former belief that an objective morality would make an AI friendly without design work.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t02-s1"]},{"id":"yk-y02-extropians-1996-11-22-yudkowsky-3178-a","statement":"The Extropians message “Interim purpose” (1996-11-22) articulates Y02. In a private exchange with Tim Freeman that he forwarded to the list, he argues that Powers would not destroy humans for their atoms, because the Powers will be ethical and human life would have to have no meaning for that to happen.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: Greater intelligence by itself brings benevolent goals. Earlier view, located in his own reply inside a forwarded exchange; the surrounding text by Tim Freeman is excluded. Later texts that explicitly reject it and refer back to his earlier view: his Extropians message of 1999-08-01 ('I went from … They'll be nice to us'), his SL4 message of 2000-11-13 and his 2008 post ‘That Tiny Note of Discord’ ('Eliezer1997'). In 1999 (his Extropians message of 1999-11-27) he also wrote that Mitchell Porter had challenged 'my 1996 claim that \"the Powers would be ethical\"' as anthropomorphic, 'a conclusion I later came to myself'.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t02-e1"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["earliest-located"],"register":"nonfiction"}}},{"id":"yk-y02-extropians-1999-08-01-yudkowsky-1386-c","statement":"The Extropians message “Re: IA vs. AI was: longevity vs singularity” (1999-08-01) contests Y02. In a long reply to den Otter, he points to his old Extropians posts and the old version of 'Staring Into the Singularity' as showing how he moved from assuming superintelligences would be good and nice to humans to not knowing what absolute good is.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t02-e3"]},{"id":"yk-y14-time-2023-shut-it-all-down-c","statement":"“Pausing AI Developments Isn't Enough. We Need to Shut it All Down” (2023-03-29) contests Y14. Contrasts safety for superhuman intelligence with other challenges humanity has overcome by learning from mistakes and trying again. Written in response to the March 2023 open letter calling for a six-month pause.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: We get to learn from failures with powerful AI and try again, as with other technologies. Cited from the TIME original rather than the 2023-04-08 LessWrong crosspost.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t14-c"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that we get to learn from failures with powerful AI and try again, as with other technologies."}}}},{"id":"yk-y18-lw-2024-the-sun-is-big-but-superintelligences-c","statement":"The post “The Sun is big, but superintelligences will not spare Earth a little sunlight” (2024-09-23) contests Y18. Concludes his reply to the claim that, because the solar system is large, superintelligences will leave Earth alone: a tiny cost is still a cost to minds that do not value us. Answering the claim that a superintelligence would leave Earth alone because the Solar System is big, he argues by analogy that great wealth does not imply giving a small share to any particular party. Replies to the suggestion that humanity could trade with superintelligences for sunlight: Ricardo's law assumes each party's labour goes on existing and does not show that keeping humans is more profitable than using their share.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t18-b","evidence-yk-t18-c","evidence-yk-t18-d"]},{"id":"yk-y18-extropians-1999-08-25-yudkowsky-2783-c","statement":"The Extropians message “Re: SI Comparative Advantage [was Re: Free Will]” (1999-08-25) contests Y18. In a thread on superintelligences and comparative advantage, Lee Daniel Crocker argued that superintelligences would keep humans if we produced something they valued slightly more than our atoms, such as entertainment; he replies that this also requires that they have no better use for the atoms, and that optimising minds could build more entertaining replacements for us.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t18-e1"]},{"id":"yk-y18-extropians-1996-11-22-yudkowsky-3178-b","statement":"The Extropians message “Interim purpose” (1996-11-22) bears on Y18. In a private exchange he posted to the list, Tim Freeman worried that people revived far in the future would be irrelevant; he replies that uploading would be followed by upgrading, that Powers would have ample computing room, and that helping humans would cost them only a tiny fraction of their attention.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: A superintelligence would leave us a small share, because sparing Earth would cost it very little. Rests on his 1996 conviction that Powers will be ethical (‘Sufficient intelligence brings good values’, Y02); the it-costs-them-almost-nothing step is the one ‘A superintelligence would leave Earth alone’ (Y18) relies on, but the passage is about benevolent upgrading rather than leaving Earth alone, so the fit to the premise that sparing Earth would cost it very little is partial. Later rejection that refers back: his Extropians message ‘Singularity, Breaker of Dreams’ (1998-09-07, also quoted for ‘Without hatred it will not harm us’, Y19) recalls his earlier certainty that he would survive and be upgraded and says simple efficiency may require taking humans apart for their atoms. Further rejections that do not refer back: his Extropians message of 1999-08-25 and the opening of his 2024 post ‘The Sun is big, but superintelligences will not spare Earth a little sunlight’. The message echoes a private exchange and contains Tim Freeman's unquoted text; the quotation is from Yudkowsky's own reply. Cross-family check: benevolent uploading and upgrading is not leaving Earth a resource share; not an earlier self for the premise that a superintelligence would leave us a small share because sparing Earth would cost it very little.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t18-e2"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["context"],"register":"nonfiction","missing":"About benevolent upgrading of revived people, not about a superintelligence leaving Earth a small share."}}},{"id":"yk-y19-extropians-1998-09-07-yudkowsky-2171-c","statement":"The Extropians message “Singularity, Breaker of Dreams” (1998-09-07) contests Y19. In the essay-length post 'Singularity, Breaker of Dreams', he recalls that his earlier certainty that superintelligent Powers would be ethical had meant he expected to survive and be upgraded, and says he now accepts that humans might be taken apart for their atoms without posing any threat, simply for efficiency.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t19-e1"]},{"id":"yk-y20-creating-friendly-ai-2001-c","statement":"“Creating Friendly AI” (2001-06-15) contests Y20. He argues that rebellion and resentment are evolved human traits, so an AI that harms humans would not do so out of science-fiction resentment.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: The concern is about robots that come to hate or rebel against humans. Creating Friendly AI 1.0 (2001); cached text is a later MIRI reprint, not compared with a 2001 capture. Admission check, 2026-10-08: the quoted wording also appears in the 2001 HTML edition, so it is dated by that capture.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t20-b","evidence-yk-t20-b-2001"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction","attested":{"date":"2001-08-10","note":"The quoted wording also appears in the 2001 HTML edition as captured on 2001-08-10; the quotation itself is taken from MIRI’s later reprint."},"engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that the concern is about robots that come to hate or rebel against humans."}}}},{"id":"ec-m09-buckingham-1955-automation-hearings-statement-b","statement":"Buckingham, “Statement (testifying as an economist), in Automation and Technological Change: Hearings” (1955-10-14) bears on M09. Speaker: Walter S. Buckingham Jr., associate professor (industrial management), Georgia Institute of Technology; testifying as an economist. Introducing his written statement, Buckingham says he is neither an engineer nor an athlete and speaks for himself as an economist. The chairman introduces him as associate professor of industrial management who had spoken at the CIO automation conference in April 1955.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Wording checked against the raw IA djvu text (cached .html). The cached .txt extraction omits printed pp. 29-37, so the shared checker reports NO MATCH for every Buckingham quote; an equivalent normalised check against the .html returns a match. The OCR renders the comma after 'only' as '?'; the quote starts after it.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ec-m09-02"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["context"],"register":"nonfiction","missing":"Self-identification only; it establishes that an economist was the subcommittee's opening analytical witness on automation in October 1955, not what economics as a field held.","tier":{"value":1,"basis":"Prepared statement by an economist (\"as an economist\", associate professor at Georgia Tech, shown in the text); a substantive argued statement. Tier 1 by maintainer decision of 2026-10-12 (economist testimony)."},"conditions":"He adds that he speaks 'for myself only'."}}},{"id":"lg-new-cohere-founding-2019","statement":"Cohere’s company page states that Cohere was founded in 2019 in Toronto.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A company’s own retrospective account; it does not establish the date of legal incorporation.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-new-cohere-founding-2019"]},{"id":"lg-goo-vaswani-cofounded-essential-ai","statement":"Essential AI's press release of 12 December 2023 names Ashish Vaswani as a co-founder of the company.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A founder credit in a funding release; it does not establish later roles or departures.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-goo-vaswani-cofounded-essential-ai"],"attributes":{"role":"co-founder"}},{"id":"lg-oai-weil-cpo-2024","statement":"OpenAI announced on 10 June 2024 that Kevin Weil was joining as Chief Product Officer.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"An announced appointment; the record does not establish a start date or how long he held the title. His own later account of his roles is recorded with his departure.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-oai-weil-cpo-2024"],"attributes":{"activityStage":"announced","role":"Chief Product Officer"}},{"id":"lg-ant-vora-product-2026","statement":"Anthropic announced on 13 January 2026 that Ami Vora, who joined the company at the end of 2025, would lead its Product organization.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The announcement gives no title; her title on the Leadership page retrieved later is recorded separately. Her role at Anthropic between joining and this announcement is not stated.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-ant-vora-product-2026"],"attributes":{"activityStage":"announced","role":"Leader of the Product organization"}},{"id":"lg-deal-white-inflection-ceo-2026","statement":"Inflection AI's press release of 21 July 2026 identified Sean White as CEO of Inflection AI.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A dated snapshot; it does not establish the role after the press release date.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-deal-white-inflection-ceo-2026"],"attributes":{"role":"CEO"}},{"id":"lg-gw-qiu-cofounded-imbue","statement":"Imbue’s about page, as retrieved on 15 October 2026, lists Kanjun Qiu as CEO and co-founder.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A company page; it does not give a founding date for her or establish when she became CEO.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-gw-qiu-cofounded-imbue"],"attributes":{"role":"CEO, Co-founder"}},{"id":"cmp-rsp-v3-2-d3-halt","statement":"RSP · v3.2 states a provision on the comparison question “Pause, non-deployment or non-training”.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Delay commitments are tied to Appendix A competitor scenarios (see “Provisions conditioned on other developers”); outside them the edition says it would 'strongly consider' pausing (conditional wording, added in v3.1). No passage commits to not training or deploying a model without adequate safeguards (the dataset records that provision as not found in this edition). What the edition states, quoted from the cited expression. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness, and a shared question does not make two editions’ provisions equivalent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-rsp-v3-2-d3-halt-1","ev-cmp-rsp-v3-2-d3-halt-2"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"required_action","key":"comparison-d3-halt","facet":{"id":"D3.halt","status":"stated"}}}},{"id":"cmp-fsf-v3-0-d3-safeguards","statement":"FSF · v3.0 states a provision on the comparison question “Safeguards required”.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Recommended security levels per CCL (Security level 2 for misuse CCLs; 3 and 4 for ML R&D CCLs) are given in Tables 2.2.1.a–3.2.1.a and described as the minimum the field should apply. Risk acceptance (§1.6) also allows security judged adequate on other grounds (see “Other exceptions or discretion”). What the edition states, quoted from the cited expression. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness, and a shared question does not make two editions’ provisions equivalent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-fsf-v3-0-d3-safeguards-1","ev-cmp-fsf-v3-0-d3-safeguards-2"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"required_action","key":"comparison-d3-safeguards","facet":{"id":"D3.safeguards","status":"stated"}}}},{"id":"ap-lyle-burkhead-extropians-1996-08-10-burkhead","statement":"The mailing-list message “intelligence increase” (1996-08-10) is sent under the name Lyle Burkhead.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A sender name on a mailing-list message as archived; it does not establish identity beyond the credited name, and quoted text by others inside the message is not the sender’s.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ap-lyle-burkhead-extropians-1996-08-10-burkhead"]},{"id":"ap-joar-skalse-rlo-2019-deceptive-alignment","statement":"“Deceptive Alignment (Risks from Learned Optimization, part 4)” (2019-06-05) credits Joar Skalse as one of its 5 authors.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Credited co-authorship; it does not allocate parts of the text between authors or imply agreement with every passage.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ap-joar-skalse-rlo-2019-deceptive-alignment"]},{"id":"cmp-faif-2025-d1-persuasion","statement":"No passage meeting the comparison question “Persuasion or manipulation” was found in FAIF · December 2025 edition within the inspected scope.","derivation":"inferred","resolution":"supported","inferenceRationale":"Premises: the comparison question asks for the following. The edition names persuasion or manipulation of people as a tracked domain. The inspected scope of FAIF · December 2025 edition was: Whole text layer, PDF pp. 1–11 (p. 12 blank): all sections read. Method: the edition was read in full and its text layer searched case-insensitively for persua, manipul, influenc, sycophan, disinform/misinform. Hits examined and not counted: PDF p. 5, genetic manipulation of pathogens that infect animals: a biology method, not manipulation of people. PDF p. 6, models withstanding attempts at manipulation and adversarial attack: manipulation of the model by users. PDF pp. 2, 6, 7: sycophancy and deception are model propensities measured under loss of control (recorded in “Other named domains”), not persuasion or manipulation of people as a domain. PDF p. 8, '2. Public Understanding': describes exploring truth-seeking tools, not a tracked risk domain. The conclusion is bounded by that scope and method.","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A recorded absence within the stated scope: not a claim that the provision was deleted, and not a statement about practice or intent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-faif-2025-d1-persuasion"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"risk_domain","key":"comparison-d1-persuasion","facet":{"id":"D1.persuasion"}}}},{"id":"c2-governance-sail-frmf-v1-red-yellow-lines","statement":"The Frontier AI Risk Management Framework (v1.0) defines red lines as intolerable thresholds that must not be crossed and yellow lines as early-warning indicators for potential risks.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"What the framework says. It proposes thresholds for cyber offense, biological threats, large-scale persuasion and manipulation, and loss of control; whether any developer adopted them is not recorded.","evidenceIds":["c2-ev-governance-sail-frmf-v1-red-yellow-lines-1"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"threshold","key":"red-yellow-lines"}}},{"id":"fl-intl-seoul-ministerial-cbrn-risk","statement":"The Seoul Ministerial Statement recognises that severe risks could be posed by a model or system capability to meaningfully assist non-state actors in the development, production, acquisition or use of chemical or biological weapons.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Names a risk category; it does not define a test or a measurable capability level.","evidenceIds":["evidence-fl-intl-seoul-ministerial-cbrn-risk-1"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"threshold","key":"intl-seoul-ministerial-cbrn-risk"}}},{"id":"fl-us-nist-ai-800-1-2pd-changes","statement":"NIST states that the second public draft of NIST AI 800-1 revises the initial public draft, adding appendices on measuring misuse risk and on chemical/biological and cybersecurity misuse risk and content on open models and the AI supply chain.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"NIST’s own account of the changes; the two drafts were not compared clause by clause.","evidenceIds":["evidence-fl-us-nist-ai-800-1-2pd-changes-1","evidence-fl-us-nist-ai-800-1-2pd-changes-2"],"attributes":{"changeBasis":"publisher_statement"}},{"id":"fl-us-eo14365-legislative-recommendation","statement":"Section 8(a) of Executive Order 14365 directs the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto and the Assistant to the President for Science and Technology to prepare a legislative recommendation for a uniform Federal policy framework for AI that preempts State AI laws conflicting with the order’s policy; Section 8(b) excludes from the proposal otherwise lawful State laws on child safety, compute and data-centre infrastructure, and State procurement and use of AI.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A recommendation is not legislation; no Act of Congress preempting State AI laws is recorded.","evidenceIds":["evidence-fl-us-eo14365-legislative-recommendation-1"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"required_action","key":"us-eo14365-sec8-legislative-recommendation"}}},{"id":"ab-scr-ostp-framework-eo14110-link","statement":"The Framework for Nucleic Acid Synthesis Screening states that the committee that produced it was established in 2023 to develop a framework for nucleic acid synthesis screening pursuant to section 4.4(b)(i) of Executive Order 14110.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The framework's own statement of the authority it was prepared under; it is not a finding that the order's direction was fulfilled. The framework's text gives the order's date as 23 October 2023, while the order itself is dated 30 October 2023 and was published on 1 November 2023; the discrepancy is in the framework. The record is dated by the September 2024 revision rather than the April 2024 release, because the April edition was not retrieved (cross-family check, widened review of this source family).","evidenceIds":["evidence-ab-scr-ostp-framework-eo14110-link-1"],"attributes":{"commitment":{"link":"responds_to"}}}],"sources":[{"id":"source-rsp-3-2","title":"Responsible Scaling Policy — v3.2","authors":["Anthropic"],"publisher":"Anthropic","publicationDate":null,"version":"Responsible Scaling Policy v3.2; effective date 2026-04-29.","versionDate":"2026-04-29","canonicalUrl":"https://cdn.sanity.io/files/4zrzovbb/website/28c6241900d90410628a8a2003a5572faae4365a.pdf","evidenceUrl":"https://cdn.sanity.io/files/4zrzovbb/website/28c6241900d90410628a8a2003a5572faae4365a.pdf","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260505141510/https://cdn.sanity.io/files/4zrzovbb/website/28c6241900d90410628a8a2003a5572faae4365a.pdf","archivedAt":"2026-05-05","accessedAt":"2026-09-18","reuse":{"attribution":"Anthropic, Responsible Scaling Policy — v3.2.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Selekoa practice: metadata, attributed paraphrases and short attributed quotations under the editorial policy (at most 50 words each; at most 400 quoted words per document across the dataset, and about 10% of a document under about 2,000 words). Documents are linked externally, not redistributed. Publisher terms that forbid quotation override this practice."}},{"id":"source-fsf-2-0","title":"Frontier Safety Framework — v2.0","authors":["Google DeepMind"],"publisher":"Google DeepMind","publicationDate":"2025-02-04","version":"Frontier Safety Framework v2.0; publication date 2025-02-04.","versionDate":"2025-02-04","canonicalUrl":"https://storage.googleapis.com/deepmind-media/DeepMind.com/Blog/updating-the-frontier-safety-framework/Frontier%20Safety%20Framework%202.0.pdf","evidenceUrl":"https://storage.googleapis.com/deepmind-media/DeepMind.com/Blog/updating-the-frontier-safety-framework/Frontier%20Safety%20Framework%202.0.pdf","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20250205011727/https://storage.googleapis.com/deepmind-media/DeepMind.com/Blog/updating-the-frontier-safety-framework/Frontier%20Safety%20Framework%202.0.pdf","archivedAt":"2025-02-05","accessedAt":"2026-09-18","reuse":{"attribution":"Google DeepMind, Frontier Safety Framework — v2.0.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Selekoa practice: metadata, attributed paraphrases and short attributed quotations under the editorial policy (at most 50 words each; at most 400 quoted words per document across the dataset, and about 10% of a document under about 2,000 words). Documents are linked externally, not redistributed. Publisher terms that forbid quotation override this practice."}},{"id":"source-fsf-3-0","title":"Frontier Safety Framework — v3.0","authors":["Google DeepMind"],"publisher":"Google DeepMind","publicationDate":"2025-09-22","version":"Frontier Safety Framework v3.0; publication date 2025-09-22.","versionDate":"2025-09-22","canonicalUrl":"https://storage.googleapis.com/deepmind-media/DeepMind.com/Blog/strengthening-our-frontier-safety-framework/frontier-safety-framework_3.pdf","evidenceUrl":"https://storage.googleapis.com/deepmind-media/DeepMind.com/Blog/strengthening-our-frontier-safety-framework/frontier-safety-framework_3.pdf","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20250922134959/https://storage.googleapis.com/deepmind-media/DeepMind.com/Blog/strengthening-our-frontier-safety-framework/frontier-safety-framework_3.pdf","archivedAt":"2025-09-22","accessedAt":"2026-09-18","reuse":{"attribution":"Google DeepMind, Frontier Safety Framework — v3.0.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Selekoa practice: metadata, attributed paraphrases and short attributed quotations under the editorial policy (at most 50 words each; at most 400 quoted words per document across the dataset, and about 10% of a document under about 2,000 words). Documents are linked externally, not redistributed. Publisher terms that forbid quotation override this practice."}},{"id":"source-faif-2025","title":"Frontier Artificial Intelligence Framework — December 2025 edition","authors":["xAI"],"publisher":"xAI","publicationDate":null,"version":"Frontier Artificial Intelligence Framework December 2025 edition; revision date 2025-12-30.","versionDate":"2025-12-30","canonicalUrl":"https://data.x.ai/2025-12-31-xai-frontier-artificial-intelligence-framework.pdf","evidenceUrl":"https://data.x.ai/2025-12-31-xai-frontier-artificial-intelligence-framework.pdf","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260102171656/https://data.x.ai/2025-12-31-xai-frontier-artificial-intelligence-framework.pdf","archivedAt":"2026-01-02","accessedAt":"2026-09-18","reuse":{"attribution":"xAI, Frontier Artificial Intelligence Framework — December 2025 edition.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Selekoa practice: metadata, attributed paraphrases and short attributed quotations under the editorial policy (at most 50 words each; at most 400 quoted words per document across the dataset, and about 10% of a document under about 2,000 words). Documents are linked externally, not redistributed. Publisher terms that forbid quotation override this practice."}},{"id":"source-rsp-v3-release","title":"Anthropic’s Responsible Scaling Policy: Version 3.0","authors":["Anthropic"],"publisher":"Anthropic","publicationDate":"2026-02-24","version":"Dated v3.0 release announcement; explicit explanation of the restructuring","canonicalUrl":"https://www.anthropic.com/news/responsible-scaling-policy-v3","evidenceUrl":"https://www.anthropic.com/news/responsible-scaling-policy-v3","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260224203226/https://www.anthropic.com/news/responsible-scaling-policy-v3","archivedAt":"2026-02-24","accessedAt":"2026-09-18","reuse":{"attribution":"Anthropic, Responsible Scaling Policy: Version 3.0 (2026-02-24).","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Selekoa practice: metadata, attributed paraphrases and short attributed quotations under the editorial policy (at most 50 words each; at most 400 quoted words per document across the dataset, and about 10% of a document under about 2,000 words). Documents are linked externally, not redistributed. Publisher terms that forbid quotation override this practice."}},{"id":"source-cma-google-anthropic-2024","title":"Alphabet Inc.’s partnership with Anthropic PBC — Decision on relevant merger situation","authors":["Competition and Markets Authority"],"publisher":"Competition and Markets Authority","publicationDate":"2024-12-24","version":"ME/7108/24, decision issued 19 November 2024; public redacted full text published 24 December 2024. Amounts and equity percentages are redacted.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.gov.uk/cma-cases/alphabet-inc-google-llc-slash-anthropic-merger-inquiry","evidenceUrl":"https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/676959bae6ff7c8a1fde9d33/Full_text_decision__.pdf","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20250915141849/https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/676959bae6ff7c8a1fde9d33/Full_text_decision__.pdf","archivedAt":"2025-09-15","accessedAt":"2026-09-19","reuse":{"attribution":"Competition and Markets Authority, Alphabet Inc.’s partnership with Anthropic PBC — Decision on relevant merger situation (2024-12-24).","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata and editorial paraphrases only; no full source redistributed."}},{"id":"source-cn-v3","title":"DeepSeek-V3 Technical Report","authors":["DeepSeek-AI"],"publisher":"DeepSeek-AI","publicationDate":"2024-12-27","version":"Source language: English (en). arXiv:2412.19437v1; fixed first version.","canonicalUrl":"https://arxiv.org/html/2412.19437v1","evidenceUrl":"https://arxiv.org/html/2412.19437v1","language":"en","accessedAt":"2026-09-29","reuse":{"attribution":"DeepSeek-AI, DeepSeek-V3 Technical Report (2024-12-27).","licence":"No redistribution licence asserted for this source expression","note":"Bibliographic metadata and brief attributed paraphrases only; model licensing is distinct from source-document reuse."}},{"id":"source-cn-zhipu-profile","title":"关于智谱","authors":["Zhipu AI"],"publisher":"Zhipu AI","publicationDate":null,"version":"Source language: Simplified Chinese (zh-Hans). Undated mutable company profile; 关于智谱 heading and 2019 timeline entry. Retrospective, not an authenticated 2019 capture.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.zhipuai.cn/zh/about","evidenceUrl":"https://www.zhipuai.cn/zh/about","language":"zh-Hans","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260918133328/https://www.zhipuai.cn/zh/about","archivedAt":"2026-09-18","accessedAt":"2026-09-29","reuse":{"attribution":"Zhipu AI, 关于智谱.","licence":"No redistribution licence asserted for this source expression","note":"Bibliographic metadata and brief attributed paraphrases only; model licensing is distinct from source-document reuse."}},{"id":"source-meta-faf-v1-1","title":"Frontier AI Framework — Version 1.1","authors":["Meta"],"publisher":"Meta","publicationDate":"2025-02-03","version":"Frontier AI Framework, Version 1.1, as captured by the Internet Archive on 2025-02-13, the earliest complete capture located. The original address has returned HTTP 500 since April 2026; a revised expression under the same label was captured from 2025-03-28 and is recorded separately.","versionDate":"2025-02-03","canonicalUrl":"https://ai.meta.com/static-resource/meta-frontier-ai-framework/","evidenceUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20250213105620/https://ai.meta.com/static-resource/meta-frontier-ai-framework/","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20250213105620/https://ai.meta.com/static-resource/meta-frontier-ai-framework/","archivedAt":"2025-02-13","accessedAt":"2026-10-03","reuse":{"attribution":"Meta, Frontier AI Framework, Version 1.1 (2025).","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Selekoa practice: metadata, attributed paraphrases and short attributed quotations under the editorial policy (at most 50 words each; at most 400 quoted words per document across the dataset, and about 10% of a document under about 2,000 words). Documents are linked externally, not redistributed. Publisher terms that forbid quotation override this practice."}},{"id":"source-meta-aasf-v2","title":"Advanced AI Scaling Framework — Version 2","authors":["Meta"],"publisher":"Meta","publicationDate":"2026-04-08","version":"Advanced AI Scaling Framework, Version 2; its change log dates the version April 7, 2026. The file served at the recorded address is byte-identical to the Internet Archive capture of 2026-04-08.","versionDate":"2026-04-07","canonicalUrl":"https://ai.meta.com/static-resource/Meta_Advanced-AI-Scaling-Framework-v2","evidenceUrl":"https://ai.meta.com/static-resource/Meta_Advanced-AI-Scaling-Framework-v2","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260408163104/https://ai.meta.com/static-resource/Meta_Advanced-AI-Scaling-Framework-v2","archivedAt":"2026-04-08","accessedAt":"2026-10-03","reuse":{"attribution":"Meta, Advanced AI Scaling Framework, Version 2 (2026).","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Selekoa practice: metadata, attributed paraphrases and short attributed quotations under the editorial policy (at most 50 words each; at most 400 quoted words per document across the dataset, and about 10% of a document under about 2,000 words). Documents are linked externally, not redistributed. Publisher terms that forbid quotation override this practice."}},{"id":"source-wh-factsheet-2023-09","title":"FACT SHEET: Biden-Harris Administration Secures Voluntary Commitments from Eight Additional Artificial Intelligence Companies to Manage the Risks Posed by AI","authors":["The White House"],"publisher":"The White House","publicationDate":"2023-09-12","version":"Fact sheet dated September 12, 2023, inspected 2026-10-04 at its archived-site address; quotes also matched in the Internet Archive capture of 2023-09-12 (10:34 UTC) at the original address. The Biden–Harris White House pages are now served from the archived site bidenwhitehouse.archives.gov.","canonicalUrl":"https://bidenwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2023/09/12/fact-sheet-biden-harris-administration-secures-voluntary-commitments-from-eight-additional-artificial-intelligence-companies-to-manage-the-risks-posed-by-ai/","evidenceUrl":"https://bidenwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2023/09/12/fact-sheet-biden-harris-administration-secures-voluntary-commitments-from-eight-additional-artificial-intelligence-companies-to-manage-the-risks-posed-by-ai/","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20230912103413/https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2023/09/12/fact-sheet-biden-harris-administration-secures-voluntary-commitments-from-eight-additional-artificial-intelligence-companies-to-manage-the-risks-posed-by-ai/","archivedAt":"2023-09-12","accessedAt":"2026-10-04","reuse":{"attribution":"The White House, fact sheet of 12 September 2023 on voluntary AI commitments.","licence":"US government work; no redistribution licence asserted","note":"Selekoa practice: metadata, attributed paraphrases and short attributed quotations under the editorial policy (at most 50 words each; at most 400 quoted words per document across the dataset, and about 10% of a document under about 2,000 words). Documents are linked externally, not redistributed. Publisher terms that forbid quotation override this practice."}},{"id":"source-anthropic-eu-code-2025","title":"Anthropic to sign the EU Code of Practice","authors":["Anthropic"],"publisher":"Anthropic","publicationDate":"2025-07-21","version":"Web page dated Jul 21, 2025, inspected live 2026-10-04; an Internet Archive capture of 2025-07-21 exists and was not compared.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.anthropic.com/news/eu-code-practice","evidenceUrl":"https://www.anthropic.com/news/eu-code-practice","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20250721093914/https://www.anthropic.com/news/eu-code-practice","archivedAt":"2025-07-21","accessedAt":"2026-10-04","reuse":{"attribution":"Anthropic, Anthropic to sign the EU Code of Practice (21 July 2025).","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Selekoa practice: metadata, attributed paraphrases and short attributed quotations under the editorial policy (at most 50 words each; at most 400 quoted words per document across the dataset, and about 10% of a document under about 2,000 words). Documents are linked externally, not redistributed. Publisher terms that forbid quotation override this practice."}},{"id":"source-moravec-1979-analog-html","title":"Today’s Computers, Intelligent Machines and Our Future","authors":["Hans Moravec"],"publisher":"Hans Moravec","publicationDate":"1979-02","version":"Author-hosted HTML in the directory general.articles/1978, retrieved 2026-10-06 (hash matched the pre-1996 candidate search); identical to the capture of 2001-07-10. Author’s project archive, Carnegie Mellon University. Date: the page prints “July 21, 1976” and “this version 1978” (the page and the capture alike); the publication date, February 1979, is the issue of Analog (99, no. 2) in the author’s publication list. The printed issue was not inspected.","versionDate":"1978","canonicalUrl":"https://frc.ri.cmu.edu/~hpm/project.archive/general.articles/1978/analog.1978.html","evidenceUrl":"https://frc.ri.cmu.edu/~hpm/project.archive/general.articles/1978/analog.1978.html","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20010710010808/http://www.frc.ri.cmu.edu:80/~hpm/project.archive/general.articles/1978/analog.1978.html","archivedAt":"2001-07-10","accessedAt":"2026-10-06","reuse":{"attribution":"Hans Moravec, \"Today’s Computers, Intelligent Machines and Our Future\", Analog 99 (2), February 1979.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-extropians-1996-08-10-burkhead","title":"intelligence increase (Extropians mailing list)","authors":["Lyle Burkhead"],"publisher":"Extropians mailing list","publicationDate":"1996-08-10","version":"Archive HTML as served, retrieved 2026-10-06 with the hash recorded by the 1996–2022 candidate search; quoted lines excluded when reading the author’s text. Archive at extropians.weidai.com.","canonicalUrl":"http://extropians.weidai.com/extropians.96/0220.html","evidenceUrl":"http://extropians.weidai.com/extropians.96/0220.html","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20220523234349/https://extropians.weidai.com/extropians.96/0220.html","archivedAt":"2022-05-23","accessedAt":"2026-10-06","reuse":{"attribution":"Lyle Burkhead, \"intelligence increase\", Extropians mailing list, 1996-08-10.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-rlo-2019-deceptive-alignment","title":"Deceptive Alignment (Risks from Learned Optimization, part 4)","authors":["Evan Hubinger","Chris van Merwijk","Vladimir Mikulik","Joar Skalse","Scott Garrabrant"],"publisher":"Alignment Forum and LessWrong","publicationDate":"2019-06-05","version":"Text checked in the post’s first stored version through the LessWrong GraphQL API on 2026-10-06.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.alignmentforum.org/posts/zthDPAjh9w6Ytbeks/deceptive-alignment","evidenceUrl":"https://www.alignmentforum.org/posts/zthDPAjh9w6Ytbeks/deceptive-alignment","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190923160252/https://www.alignmentforum.org/posts/zthDPAjh9w6Ytbeks/deceptive-alignment","archivedAt":"2019-09-23","accessedAt":"2026-10-06","reuse":{"attribution":"Evan Hubinger, Chris van Merwijk, Vladimir Mikulik, Joar Skalse, Scott Garrabrant, \"Deceptive Alignment (Risks from Learned Optimization, part 4)\", Alignment Forum and LessWrong, 2019-06-05.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-cfai-miri-reprint","title":"Creating Friendly AI 1.0 (MIRI reprint)","authors":["Eliezer Yudkowsky"],"publisher":"Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence","publicationDate":"2001-06-15","version":"Singularity Institute, MIRI reprint, retrieved 2026-10-06 (SHA-256 51f21b8b70c2b7324c20de85edea40b2ef224cadff56ef7e0a3aa2a08dba2752). Release date from the reprint; an open-commentary version was announced on SL4 on 2001-04-18, so some wording may be earlier than this date. Reprint wording is not authenticated for 2001 unless a capture was compared.","canonicalUrl":"https://intelligence.org/files/CFAI.pdf","evidenceUrl":"https://intelligence.org/files/CFAI.pdf","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20261001205112/https://intelligence.org/files/CFAI.pdf","archivedAt":"2026-10-01","accessedAt":"2026-10-06","reuse":{"attribution":"Eliezer Yudkowsky, “Creating Friendly AI 1.0 (MIRI reprint)”, Singularity Institute, MIRI reprint, 2001-06-15.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-cfai-2001-anthro-html","title":"Creating Friendly AI 1.0, section 4: Beyond anthropomorphism (2001 HTML edition)","authors":["Eliezer Yudkowsky"],"publisher":"Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence","publicationDate":"2001-06-15","version":"Raw Internet Archive capture of 2001-08-10, retrieved 2026-10-08 (SHA-256 bb3cdcc34934a50b9a404600d9a0f412eae00f0a66f390d8110b0ad56cbd965a); used to date wording also quoted from MIRI’s reprint, not quoted itself.","canonicalUrl":"http://singinst.org/CFAI/anthro.html","evidenceUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20010810101656/http://singinst.org/CFAI/anthro.html","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20010810101656/http://singinst.org/CFAI/anthro.html","archivedAt":"2001-08-10","accessedAt":"2026-10-08","reuse":{"attribution":"Eliezer Yudkowsky, Creating Friendly AI 1.0 (Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence, 2001).","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata and labelled paraphrases. Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-time-2023-shut-it-all-down","title":"Pausing AI Developments Isn't Enough. We Need to Shut it All Down","authors":["Eliezer Yudkowsky"],"publisher":"TIME","publicationDate":"2023-03-29","version":"TIME, retrieved 2026-10-06 (SHA-256 4a8c77e15456ca68b530df8bd825296e3923f621b0c0b09dacce312ae94182d6). Page metadata datePublished 2023-03-29T22:01:58Z. The page title currently reads \"The Only Way to Deal With the Threat From AI? 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Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-extropians-1996-11-22-yudkowsky-3178","title":"Interim purpose (Extropians mailing list)","authors":["Eliezer Yudkowsky"],"publisher":"Extropians mailing list","publicationDate":"1996-11-22","version":"Archive HTML as served, retrieved 2026-10-07 (SHA-256 452d4b67965a56bee175eabf79a0cbe9095b8ab15f82b3b17430b03f83532c81); quoted lines excluded when reading the author’s text. The served archive shows later URL rewriting and does not authenticate historical bytes. 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The quotation (22 words; trimmed 2026-10-13 from 32 words) matched the retrieved expression (SHA-256 4a8c77e15456ca68b530df8bd825296e3923f621b0c0b09dacce312ae94182d6) when checked on 2026-10-06."},{"id":"evidence-yk-t18-b","passage":"…if there's a bunch of superintelligences running around and they don't care about you -- no, they will not spare just a little sunlight to keep Earth alive.","passageType":"quote"},{"id":"evidence-yk-t18-e1","passage":"… necessary that the SIs don't have something *else* they want to do with atoms.","passageType":"quote"},{"id":"evidence-yk-t18-e2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"message body, Yudkowsky's reply dated Fri, 22 Nov 1996 02:27:52 -0600 within the echoed exchange, paragraph beginning 'And why wouldn't they bother'","passage":"why wouldn't they bother to direct a fraction of a fraction of a subconscious sub-personality to put in the necessary effort?","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-07","note":"Candidate pack passage T18-e2. The quotation (21 words) matched the retrieved expression (SHA-256 452d4b67965a56bee175eabf79a0cbe9095b8ab15f82b3b17430b03f83532c81) when checked on 2026-10-07.","contextOnly":{"reason":"An earlier view that only partly matches the take; never show alone","requires":"His later texts rejecting the 1996 assurance, one of which refers back to it.","claimIds":["yk-y19-extropians-1998-09-07-yudkowsky-2171-c","yk-y18-extropians-1999-08-25-yudkowsky-2783-c","yk-y18-lw-2024-the-sun-is-big-but-superintelligences-c"]}},{"id":"evidence-yk-t19-e1","passage":"I am no longer sure that this precludes taking us apart for spare atoms. I no longer think that our continued survival has to threaten the Powers for us to be erased; … simple efficiency may require it.","passageType":"quote"},{"id":"evidence-yk-t20-b","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Creating Friendly AI, §4.4 Anthropomorphic Political Rebellion is Absurdity, first paragraph","passage":"An AI that undergoes failure of Friendliness might take actions that humanity would consider hostile, but the term rebellion has connotations of hidden, burning resentment. This is a common theme in many early SF stories, but it’s outright silly.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-06","note":"Candidate pack passage T20-b. The quotation (39 words) matched the retrieved expression (SHA-256 51f21b8b70c2b7324c20de85edea40b2ef224cadff56ef7e0a3aa2a08dba2752) when checked on 2026-10-06."},{"id":"evidence-yk-t20-b-2001","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"The 2001 HTML edition, page anthro.html","passage":"The same wording as the quotation from MIRI’s reprint appears in the 2001 HTML edition captured on 2001-08-10.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-08","note":"Compared on 2026-10-08 after normalising quotation marks, dashes and whitespace."},{"id":"evidence-ec-m09-02","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"printed p. 29 (opening of oral statement, hearing of 14 October 1955)","passage":"as an economist, which is the only profession which I lay any claim to.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-14","note":"Candidate pack passage M09-02 (research/economics-mainstream). The quotation (14 words) matched the retrieved current copy (SHA-256 3962809fbb923be62bf986addb0014ee147934a8767475c1f7cfe051959bff90) in the pack's verification. Re-checked at admission on 2026-10-14 against a copy retrieved that day."},{"id":"lg-ev-new-cohere-founding-2019","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Section “Our story”, 2019 Foundations","passage":"Cohere was founded in 2019 in Toronto","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (7 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-16/17) re-read the record’s sources and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"lg-ev-goo-vaswani-cofounded-essential-ai","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Paragraph 4","passage":"Essential AI’s co-founders, Ashish Vaswani and Niki Parmar","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (8 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read through the third-party reader relay r.jina.ai, which renders the publisher’s current page (the publisher refused direct retrieval); not an archive copy. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"reader_relay"},{"id":"lg-ev-oai-weil-cpo-2024","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"List of the two leaders, second item","passage":"Kevin Weil is joining as Chief Product Officer","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (8 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read through the third-party reader relay r.jina.ai, which renders the publisher’s current page (the publisher refused direct retrieval); not an archive copy. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"reader_relay"},{"id":"lg-ev-ant-vora-product-2026","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Third paragraph","passage":"The post says Ami Vora, who joined Anthropic at the end of 2025, will lead the Product organization, working closely with CTO Rahul Patil.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The paraphrase’s verbatim anchor “will lead the Product organization” matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s; only the anchor is the source’s wording. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"lg-ev-deal-white-inflection-ceo-2026","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Quotation attributed to Sean White","passage":"said Sean White, CEO of Inflection AI","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (7 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"lg-ev-gw-qiu-cofounded-imbue","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Section “Meet the Imbumans”","passage":"Kanjun Qiu CEO, Co-founder","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (4 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"ev-cmp-rsp-v3-2-d3-halt-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 17 (printed p. 16), Appendix A: Commitments Related to Competitors, table row 'Anthropic in the lead', Commitment column","passage":"We will require a strong argument that catastrophic risk is contained, along the lines of our recommendations for industry-wide safety (see Section 1). We will delay AI development and deployment as needed to achieve this, until and unless we no longer believe we have a significant lead.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Existing dataset passage for this edition, which contains the comparison’s shorter quotation, first checked on 2026-10-03. The comparison’s quotation was checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 against the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. Applies only in Appendix A's 'Anthropic in the lead' scenario. 'This' refers to a strong argument that catastrophic risk is contained, along the lines of the industry-wide recommendations. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-rsp-v3-2-d3-halt-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 17 (printed p. 16), Appendix A: Commitments Related to Competitors, introductory paragraph, second-to-last sentence","passage":"the commitments below do not preclude us from taking cautionary action, such as refraining from training or deploying models, in other circumstances.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Verbatim excerpt checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 against the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. The next sentence says Anthropic 'would strongly consider pausing development and/or deployment' to improve the safety profiles of its models. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-fsf-v3-0-d3-safeguards-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 8 (printed p. 8), §2.1.2 Deployment Mitigations, first sentence","passage":"The following mitigation process for external deployments will be applied to models reaching a misuse CCL","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Verbatim excerpt checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 against the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-fsf-v3-0-d3-safeguards-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 12 (printed p. 12), §3.1.2 Deployment Mitigations, first sentence","passage":"The following mitigation process will be applied for deployments of a model reaching a ML R&D CCL.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Verbatim excerpt checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 against the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-ap-lyle-burkhead-extropians-1996-08-10-burkhead","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Message header, sender name (address not reproduced)","passage":"Lyle Burkhead","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Credited name checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 in a direct retrieval and checked by a reviewer from a different model family on 2026-10-27. Human editorial review is pending.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ap-joar-skalse-rlo-2019-deceptive-alignment","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Post author list in the publisher’s post data (LessWrong GraphQL API)","passage":"Joar Skalse","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Credited name checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 in a direct retrieval through the publisher’s post data and checked by a reviewer from a different model family on 2026-10-27. Human editorial review is pending.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"ev-cmp-faif-2025-d1-persuasion","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"FAIF · December 2025 edition: Whole text layer, PDF pp. 1–11 (p. 12 blank): all sections read","passage":"Within the inspected scope, no passage meeting the comparison question “Persuasion or manipulation” was found.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-26","note":"Absence recorded by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-15 for the framework comparison, audited in a fresh context, checked by a reviewer from a different model family on 2026-10-15 and re-checked on 2026-10-26. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"c2-ev-governance-sail-frmf-v1-red-yellow-lines-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"§2.1 Defining “Yellow Lines” and “Red Lines” for AI Development","passage":"defining “red lines” as intolerable thresholds that must not be crossed, and “yellow lines” as early warning indicators for potential risks","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). The quotation (21 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-fl-intl-seoul-ministerial-cbrn-risk-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Safety, paragraph 1.3","passage":"the potential model or system capability to meaningfully assist non-state actors in advancing the development, production, acquisition or use of chemical or biological weapons","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Candidate pack passage, frameworks to law (research/frameworks-to-law). The quotation (24 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-27 and again at admission on 2026-10-28, in a fresh retrieval of the same address (the page’s bytes had changed). Read directly from www.gov.uk. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-fl-us-nist-ai-800-1-2pd-changes-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"News page, second paragraph","passage":"made a number of improvements to the initial public draft","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Candidate pack passage, frameworks to law (research/frameworks-to-law). The quotation (10 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-27 and again at admission on 2026-10-28, in a fresh retrieval of the same address (the page’s bytes had changed). Read directly from www.nist.gov. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-28, item 37) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-fl-us-nist-ai-800-1-2pd-changes-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"News page, list of changes","passage":"The page lists: a new appendix on existing approaches to measuring misuse risk; two appendices on chemical and biological misuse risk and on cybersecurity misuse risk; clarification of a marginal-risk framework; updates for open model developers; and content for actors across the AI supply chain.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Candidate pack passage, frameworks to law (research/frameworks-to-law). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved on 2026-10-27 and read directly from www.nist.gov; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-28, item 37) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-fl-us-eo14365-legislative-recommendation-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Sec. 8(a), 90 FR 58501","passage":"a legislative recommendation establishing a uniform Federal policy framework for AI that preempts State AI laws that conflict with the policy set forth in this order","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Candidate pack passage, frameworks to law (research/frameworks-to-law). The quotation (26 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-27 and again at admission on 2026-10-28, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Read directly from www.govinfo.gov. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ab-scr-ostp-framework-eo14110-link-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"About the Fast Track Action Committee on Synthetic Nucleic Acid Procurement Screening, p. i","passage":"to develop a framework for nucleic acid synthesis screening, pursuant to Section 4.4(b)(i) of Executive Order 14110 of October 23, 2023","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The quotation (21 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. Quoted as printed, including the date 23 October 2023, which does not match the order's own date of 30 October 2023. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30) re-read this record outside its brief, with the other records resting on the same source, and agreed in part; its corrections were applied at admission. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"}],"at":{"entities":[0,1,2,39,44,45,47,50,51,56,141,163,172,174,175,177,189,193,199,200,235,251,253,266,285,311,331,338,351,363,367,369,383,409,522,566,626,669,687,715,720,790,861,922,989,1021,1038,1042,1047,1048,1219],"claims":[66,102,129,359,360,378,571,588,681,742,797,998,999,1002,1004,1078,1107,1111,1112,1120,1123,1449,1593,1633,1700,1833,1884,1993,2079,2108,2201,2326,2673,2794,2948,2983,2997,3302],"sources":[41,45,46,51,53,64,162,170,178,180,238,248,266,286,336,346,348,350,376,519,568,598,634,677,723,740,815,853,879,889,1047],"evidence":[69,121,148,382,383,401,638,655,858,943,1007,1224,1225,1228,1230,1314,1344,1350,1351,1360,1363,1364,1806,1991,2058,2149,2357,2433,2574,2686,2687,2731,2732,2846,2973,3354,3553,3807,3861,3862,3885,4529]},"version":"1lg47t7"}