{"entities":[{"id":"openai","name":"OpenAI"},{"id":"deepmind","name":"DeepMind"},{"id":"eliezer-yudkowsky","name":"Eliezer Yudkowsky"},{"id":"iem-2013","name":"Intelligence Explosion Microeconomics"},{"id":"mustafa-suleyman","name":"Mustafa Suleyman"},{"id":"rsp-v2-2","name":"Anthropic Responsible Scaling Policy — v2.2"},{"id":"rsp-v3-3","name":"Anthropic Responsible Scaling Policy — v3.3"},{"id":"fsf-v2-0","name":"Google DeepMind Frontier Safety Framework — v2.0"},{"id":"fsf-v3-0","name":"Google DeepMind Frontier Safety Framework — v3.0"},{"id":"frontier-governance-2026","name":"OpenAI Frontier Governance Framework — May 2026 edition"},{"id":"faif-2026","name":"xAI Frontier Artificial Intelligence Framework — June 2026 edition"},{"id":"paul-christiano","name":"Paul Christiano"},{"id":"meta-faf-v1-1","name":"Meta Frontier AI Framework — Version 1.1"},{"id":"openai-inc","name":"OpenAI, Inc. (OpenAI Foundation)"},{"id":"larry-summers","name":"Larry Summers"},{"id":"us-white-house","name":"The White House"},{"id":"wh-voluntary-ai-commitments-2023-07","name":"Ensuring Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy AI: voluntary AI commitments (July 2023)"},{"id":"butler-1863-darwin-among-machines","name":"Darwin among the Machines"},{"id":"vinge-1993-coming-technological-singularity","name":"The Coming Technological Singularity: How to Survive in the Post-Human Era"},{"id":"staring-into-the-singularity","name":"Staring into the Singularity"},{"id":"corrigibility-2015","name":"Corrigibility"},{"id":"christiano-2018-minimal-circuits-daemon-free","name":"Open question: are minimal circuits daemon-free?"},{"id":"fast-or-hard-takeoff","name":"Fast or hard takeoff"},{"id":"ai-automated-ai-research","name":"AI-automated AI research"},{"id":"strategic-concealment","name":"Strategic concealment"},{"id":"intelligence-brings-benevolence","name":"Sufficient intelligence brings good values"},{"id":"slow-takeoff-time-to-adjust","name":"A slow takeoff will leave time to adjust"},{"id":"harm-requires-hostility","name":"Without hatred it will not harm us"},{"id":"sl4-2001-01-24-yudkowsky-0101-0452","name":"Re: Event horizon"},{"id":"sl4-2001-04-19-yudkowsky-0104-1166","name":"Re: FW: Group releases \"Friendly AI\""},{"id":"eu-gpai-training-summary-template-2025","name":"Explanatory Notice and Template for the Public Summary of Training Content for general-purpose AI models (C(2025) 8311 final)"},{"id":"automation-lowers-labour-income","name":"Automation lowers the labour share, wages or employment"},{"id":"agrawal-gans-goldfarb-2018-prediction-judgment-complexity","name":"Prediction, Judgment and Complexity: A Theory of Decision Making and Artificial Intelligence"},{"id":"agrawal-gans-goldfarb-2018-economic-policy-for-ai","name":"Economic Policy for Artificial Intelligence"},{"id":"economics-engagement-with-superintelligence","name":"Economics’ engagement with superintelligence, AGI and the singularity"},{"id":"andrews-farboodi-2025-markets-transformative-ai","name":"Do Markets Believe in Transformative AI?"},{"id":"bytedance-seed","name":"ByteDance Seed / 字节跳动 Seed"},{"id":"statsig","name":"Statsig"},{"id":"ajay-agrawal","name":"Ajay Agrawal"},{"id":"doubao-15-pro-page","name":"Doubao-1.5-pro (Seed model page)"},{"id":"uk-aisi-rename-press-release-2025","name":"Tackling AI security risks to unleash growth and deliver Plan for Change (GOV.UK press release, 14 February 2025)"},{"id":"us-eo-14179-2025","name":"Executive Order 14179: Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence"},{"id":"stargate-lordstown","name":"Stargate site, Lordstown, Ohio"},{"id":"us-ostp-nucleic-acid-synthesis-screening-framework-2024","name":"Framework for Nucleic Acid Synthesis Screening"},{"id":"us-ostp","name":"Office of Science and Technology Policy (Executive Office of the President)"}],"claims":[{"id":"provchange-fsf-v3-0-pre-deployment-review","statement":"v3.0 makes external deployments of a model conditional on the appropriate governance function determining the safety case for each CCL reached to be adequate; v2.0 made general availability deployment conditional on the appropriate corporate governance body making that determination.","derivation":"inferred","resolution":"supported","inferenceRationale":"Premises: FSF · v3.0 states the provision as quoted in its provision record (PDF p. 9, §2.1.2 Deployment Mitigations, numbered step 2, first sentence); FSF · v2.0 states it as quoted in its provision record (PDF p. 4, Misuse, Mitigation Approach, “Deployment Mitigations”, numbered step 2 (both copies)). The difference described is read directly from the two quoted passages.","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A textual difference between the two editions’ wording of this keyed provision. It is not an assessment of whether the change strengthened or weakened the framework, and not evidence of implementation.","evidenceIds":["evidence-provchange-fsf-v3-0-pre-deployment-review-later","evidence-provchange-fsf-v3-0-pre-deployment-review-earlier"],"attributes":{"changeBasis":"document_comparison","provision":{"kind":"decision_authority","key":"fsf-pre-deployment-review"}}},{"id":"cs-summers-initial-board-2023","statement":"OpenAI announced on 29 November 2023 that Larry Summers would be a member of its new initial board, chaired by Bret Taylor.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A documented board role at the date of the announcement, recorded against OpenAI, Inc. for the reason given in the record of Bret Taylor as chair of the initial board. OpenAI’s structure page captured on 2025-10-29 still lists him among the OpenAI Foundation’s directors; later changes are not recorded.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cs-summers-initial-board-2023-1","evidence-cs-summers-initial-board-2023-2"],"attributes":{"role":"Member of the board of directors (new initial board)"}},{"id":"prov-wh-2023-07-model-weights","statement":"Commitment 3 of the July 2023 text commits companies to treat unreleased model weights for models in scope as core intellectual property, with cybersecurity and insider-threat safeguards that include limiting access to model weights to those whose job function requires it.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"What the text says, not evidence of the safeguards any company adopted.","evidenceIds":["evidence-prov-wh-2023-07-model-weights-1"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"required_action","key":"model-weight-security"}}},{"id":"ts-a4-butler-1863-context","statement":"The 1863 letter contrasts the \"gigantic strides\" of the mechanical world with the slow progress of the animal and vegetable kingdoms.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"No short transition to superhuman machines is stated.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ts-a4-butler-1863-context"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["context"],"register":"satirical","missing":"The stated horizon is \"the course of ages\"; the speed is only relative to the slow progress of animals and plants."}}},{"id":"ts-a5-vinge-1993","statement":"Vinge’s 1993 paper says progress driven by greater-than-human intelligence could involve the creation of still more intelligent entities.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The creating entities are not specified further.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ts-a5-vinge-1993"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["articulation"],"register":"nonfiction","claimed":{"date":"1993-03-30","note":"Presented at the VISION-21 Symposium, 30–31 March 1993. The delivered version was not retrieved, so the proceedings wording is not dated to the presentation."}}}},{"id":"ts-b2-corrigibility","statement":"The Corrigibility paper describes an agent with incentives to deceive its programmers, maximising the intended utility only until it is powerful enough to avoid correction, and notes that Bostrom (2014) calls this a \"treacherous turn\". Recorded as articulating the proposition “Strategic concealment”.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Primary for the paper’s own formal example and its citation; secondary for Bostrom’s formulation. The credit to Bostrom is the paper’s own.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ts-b2-corrigibility"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["articulation"],"register":"nonfiction"}}},{"id":"yk-y02-staring-into-the-singularity-b","statement":"“Staring into the Singularity” (1996-11-18) bears on Y02. In his early essay he argues for creating superintelligence as soon as possible on the ground that it is more likely than humans to discover, want and implement what is truly right. The 2004 and 2008 retrospectives (T02-d, T02-e) reject this earlier view.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: A sufficiently intelligent mind would discover a true or universally compelling morality and be bound to act on it. Wayback capture of sysopmind.com/singularity.html dated 2000-12-04; the page gives 11/18/1996 as its original date and 'Updated: 08/31/2000'. The year this sentence first appeared is not established. The same essay treats a hostile Power as an 'engineering risk' of bad programming, so it does not deny all risk. Shown only as an earlier view; see Coherent Extrapolated Volition (2004) and his 2008 post ‘That Tiny Note of Discord’. Cross-family check: a comparative, explicitly uncertain chance (\"better chance\", \"a long, long way from certainty\") is not the take's claim that intelligence compels goodness; recorded as related, not as an earlier self.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t02-c"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["context"],"register":"nonfiction","missing":"A comparative and uncertain chance that superintelligence finds and implements what is right; it does not claim that intelligence brings or compels benevolence.","attested":{"date":"2000-12-04","note":"The quoted wording is that of version 1.2.1 (\"Updated: 08/31/2000\") as captured on 2000-12-04; no capture of the 1996–1999 page holds the text."}}}},{"id":"yk-y02-coherent-extrapolated-volition-2004-c","statement":"“Coherent Extrapolated Volition” (2004-05) contests Y02. Looking back from 2004, he describes as a blunder his teenage belief that building a powerful self-improving optimizer would suffice for a good outcome, which he says it took him until about age twenty to recognise as a problem.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t02-d"]},{"id":"yk-y02-lw-2008-that-tiny-note-of-discord-c","statement":"The post “That Tiny Note of Discord” (2008-09-23) contests Y02. Recapping his 2008 autobiographical series, he states that his 1997 self believed any superintelligence would automatically do what is right, and names the flaw in that belief.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t02-e"]},{"id":"yk-y11-sl4-2001-01-24-yudkowsky-0101-0452-c","statement":"The SL4 message “Re: Event horizon” (2001-01-24) contests Y11. In a thread on whether the Singularity's 'event horizon' keeps receding as technology advances, he rejects the picture of change spread evenly over human decades as a slow-takeoff scenario and predicts instead a hard takeoff in an AI lab within about ten years.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: Capability gains will be gradual and visible. Earliest SL4 passage that names and rejects a slow-takeoff scenario. The target is a futurist model of a receding event horizon; the paragraph does not discuss whether slowness would give time to adjust. His accompanying prediction of a hard takeoff 'in the next ten years or so' (next paragraph) did not come true. The immediate topic is predictability (the \"moving Event Horizon\"). The same message predicts a hard takeoff \"sometime in the next ten years or so\" (from 2001), which did not happen.","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t11-s2"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that capability gains will be gradual and visible."}}}},{"id":"yk-y19-iem-2013-c","statement":"“Intelligence Explosion Microeconomics” (2013-09-13) contests Y19. Summarising the instrumental convergence thesis, he states that harm to humans can follow from generic resource-seeking strategies without any goal of harming them.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Premise addressed: An AI would harm humans only out of hostility. MIRI technical report 2013-1 (cached file says 'Last modified September 13, 2013').","evidenceIds":["evidence-yk-t19-c"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that an AI would harm humans only out of hostility."}}}},{"id":"eutm-summary-updates","statement":"The Explanatory Notice states that the public summary of training content should be updated whenever the provider further trains its model on additional data that requires an update of its content, at six-month intervals or sooner if the additional data requires a materially significant update.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Paragraph (29) of the Explanatory Notice. The PDF misspells \"intervals\" as \"intervanls\"; the paraphrase corrects the spelling. The Notice also states that summaries of models placed on the market before 2 August 2025 are due by 2 August 2027; that sentence is not recorded here. It states what the text provides, not whether any named developer falls within it or complies. A document’s statement is not evidence of implementation, compliance or enforcement.","evidenceIds":["evidence-eutm-summary-updates-1","evidence-eutm-summary-updates-2"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"required_action","key":"eutm-summary-updates"}}},{"id":"ec-m06a-agrawal-gans-goldfarb-2018-economic-policy-for-ai-a","statement":"Agrawal, Gans, Goldfarb, “Economic Policy for Artificial Intelligence” (2018-06) articulates M06a. Gives a rising capital share as one of two reasons AI might increase inequality, with skill bias the other.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"NBER Working Paper 24690, June 2018. Draws on cited works.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ec-m06a-17"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["articulation"],"register":"nonfiction","tier":{"value":1,"basis":"NBER working paper (core venue)."},"conditions":"Conditional on AI being a new, efficient form of capital."}}},{"id":"ec-e05-andrews-farboodi-2025-markets-transformative-ai-b","statement":"Andrews and Farboodi, “Do Markets Believe in Transformative AI?” (2025-09) bears on E05. Event study of US Treasury and TIPS yields around 30 frontier-lab model releases (Nov 2022–Dec 2025).","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"NBER w34243, issued September 2025; abstract page only. The abstract page shows \"Revision Date July 2026\" and describes data to December 2025, so this wording is attested from July 2026 only.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ec-e05-28"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["context"],"register":"nonfiction","missing":"Evidence about investors' beliefs on transformative AI, inferred from yields; not about superintelligence, self-improvement or existential risk, and not a statement about economics as a field.","attested":{"date":"2026-07","note":"The NBER abstract page shows \"Revision Date July 2026\"; the abstract describes data to December 2025."},"tier":{"value":1,"basis":"NBER working paper (core venue); Andrews and Farboodi are economists."}}}},{"id":"lg-goo-suleyman-leaves-deepmind-2019","statement":"Mustafa Suleyman posted on X on 5 December 2019 that, after a decade at DeepMind, he was joining Google.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"His own post does not name the DeepMind role he left. 9to5Google (reporting; context evidence) says the 2014 acquisition saw him become head of Applied AI; it does not say he held that role when he left.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-goo-suleyman-leaves-deepmind-post","lg-ev-goo-suleyman-leaves-deepmind-9to5"],"attributes":{"role":"Not stated in the post (9to5Google reports that he became head of Applied AI after the 2014 acquisition)"}},{"id":"lg-oai-statsig-acquisition-2025","statement":"OpenAI announced on 2 September 2025 that it was acquiring Statsig, subject to customary closing conditions including regulatory approval.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"An announced acquisition subject to closing conditions; completion was not checked.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-oai-statsig-acquisition-2025"],"attributes":{"activityStage":"announced"}},{"id":"cmp-rsp-v2-2-d4-determination","statement":"RSP · v2.2 states a provision on the comparison question “Determination of capability or safeguard adequacy”.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"What the edition states, quoted from the cited expression. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness, and a shared question does not make two editions’ provisions equivalent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-rsp-v2-2-d4-determination-1"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"decision_authority","key":"comparison-d4-determination","facet":{"id":"D4.determination","status":"stated"}}}},{"id":"cmp-rsp-v3-3-d4-oversight","statement":"RSP · v3.3 states a provision on the comparison question “Board or external oversight”.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Otherwise the CEO and RSO share their decision(s), the Risk Report and internal feedback with the Board and LTBT after approval (§3.4 item 4). External reviewers of Risk Reports are selected with the Board consulted and LTBT approval required (from v3.2) and asked to publish commentary (§3.6); an approximately annual third-party review of procedural compliance is commissioned (§4). What the edition states, quoted from the cited expression. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness, and a shared question does not make two editions’ provisions equivalent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-rsp-v3-3-d4-oversight-1","ev-cmp-rsp-v3-3-d4-oversight-2"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"decision_authority","key":"comparison-d4-oversight","facet":{"id":"D4.oversight","status":"stated"}}}},{"id":"ap-ajay-agrawal-agrawal-gans-goldfarb-2018-prediction-judgment-complexity","statement":"“Prediction, Judgment and Complexity: A Theory of Decision Making and Artificial Intelligence” (2018-01) credits Ajay K. Agrawal as one of its 3 authors.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Credited co-authorship; it does not allocate parts of the text between authors or imply agreement with every passage.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ap-ajay-agrawal-agrawal-gans-goldfarb-2018-prediction-judgment-complexity"]},{"id":"ap-eliezer-yudkowsky-sl4-2001-04-19-yudkowsky-0104-1166","statement":"The mailing-list message “Re: FW: Group releases \"Friendly AI\"” (2001-04-19) is sent under the name Eliezer S. Yudkowsky.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A sender name on a mailing-list message as archived; it does not establish identity beyond the credited name, and quoted text by others inside the message is not the sender’s.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ap-eliezer-yudkowsky-sl4-2001-04-19-yudkowsky-0104-1166"]},{"id":"ap-paul-christiano-christiano-2018-minimal-circuits-daemon-free","statement":"“Open question: are minimal circuits daemon-free?” (2018-05-05) credits the username “paulfchristiano” as its author.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Credited under the username “paulfchristiano”. The Internet Archive capture of “What failure looks like” on the same forum (2019-06-08) prints “Paul Christiano” in its byline, linked to the same account, which identifies it. It says nothing about priority for the ideas discussed.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ap-paul-christiano-christiano-2018-minimal-circuits-daemon-free"]},{"id":"cmp-frontier-governance-2026-d2-definition","statement":"FGF · May 2026 edition states a provision on the comparison question “How a threshold is defined”.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Tiers are defined per risk category in §2.4 (PDF pp. 9–12). Separately, §2.1 defines systemic risk by severity, including a model materially contributing to over 50 fatalities or $1 billion in property damage or losses from a single incident (PDF p. 5). What the edition states, paraphrased from the cited expression with its page. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness, and a shared question does not make two editions’ provisions equivalent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-frontier-governance-2026-d2-definition-1"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"threshold","key":"comparison-d2-definition","facet":{"id":"D2.definition","status":"stated"}}}},{"id":"cmp-faif-2026-d2-levels","statement":"FAIF · June 2026 edition states a provision on the comparison question “Named levels or thresholds”, in a weaker form than the question’s criterion.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Stated, partly: the passage has what the question’s criterion asks for, but in a weaker form than the criterion’s own words. Risk tiers are mentioned but not named or described. The edition states no numeric thresholds; the benchmark acceptance criteria of the December 2025 edition (biology and chemistry answer rate, MASK) do not appear. What the edition states, paraphrased from the cited expression with its page. It is not evidence of implementation, compliance or effectiveness, and a shared question does not make two editions’ provisions equivalent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-faif-2026-d2-levels-1"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"threshold","key":"comparison-d2-levels","facet":{"id":"D2.levels","status":"partly"}}}},{"id":"c2-bytedance-seed-doubao-15-pro","statement":"A Chinese-language page on ByteDance Seed's website, dated 22 January 2025 and titled 'Doubao 1.5pro - Doubao Team', describes the Doubao-1.5-pro model as using a mixture-of-experts architecture.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The page names 'Doubao Team' as its author and is hosted on seed.bytedance.com; the relation between that name and the Seed team in January 2025 is not established beyond the hosting. The page's performance and cost statements are not recorded. Doubao-1.5-pro is described, not released as weights.","evidenceIds":["c2-ev-bytedance-seed-doubao-15-pro","c2-ev-bytedance-seed-doubao-15-pro-opening","c2-ev-bytedance-seed-doubao-15-pro-title"]},{"id":"cmp-meta-faf-v1-1-d4-oversight","statement":"No passage meeting the comparison question “Board or external oversight” was found in Meta FAF · v1.1 within the inspected scope.","derivation":"inferred","resolution":"supported","inferenceRationale":"Premises: the comparison question asks for the following. A role the edition gives to a board, board committee, trust, or external party in overseeing or reviewing those decisions. The inspected scope of Meta FAF · v1.1 was: Whole edition, PDF pp. 1–21, read in the text layer of the decoded PDF of the Internet Archive capture of 2025-02-13; cover and PDF pp. 12–13 and 19 inspected visually. Method: the edition was read in full and its text layer searched case-insensitively for board, trust, oversight, external, third, review. Hits examined and not counted: PDF p. 13, Table 1, footnote 7: the final assessment of uplift involves numerous experts, “including third parties where appropriate”; this is involvement in an assessment, not a role in overseeing or reviewing decisions. No board or oversight stems. Trust hits (PDF pp. 8–9, 21) concern trustworthiness or trusted release partners. External hits (PDF pp. 6–8, 10–11, 17–18, 21) concern reference models, expertise, threat modelling or the release context. Review hits (PDF pp. 5, 8) describe centralised, internal review. No board or external party is given a role in reviewing decisions. The conclusion is bounded by that scope and method.","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The edition involves third parties “where appropriate” in the assessment of uplift (Table 1, footnote 7, PDF p. 13); this is recorded as context, not as a role in overseeing or reviewing decisions. A recorded absence within the stated scope: not a claim that the provision was deleted, and not a statement about practice or intent.","evidenceIds":["ev-cmp-meta-faf-v1-1-d4-oversight"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"decision_authority","key":"comparison-d4-oversight","facet":{"id":"D4.oversight"}}}},{"id":"fl-us-eo14179-signed","statement":"Executive Order 14179, \"Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence\", is dated 23 January 2025 and was published in the Federal Register on 31 January 2025.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Issue and publication only.","evidenceIds":["evidence-fl-us-eo14179-signed-1","evidence-fl-us-eo14179-signed-2"]},{"id":"fl-uk-aisi-focus","statement":"The GOV.UK release of 14 February 2025 states that the renamed AI Security Institute will not focus on bias or freedom of speech but on understanding the most serious risks posed by AI.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A stated focus in a government announcement, not a statutory remit. Recorded until 2026-10-29 as a publication record of the publisher; since then, as what the document states (schema 2.20).","evidenceIds":["evidence-fl-uk-aisi-focus-1"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"statement","key":"uk-aisi-rename-focus"}}},{"id":"cpo-dc-stargate-lordstown-construction","statement":"The September 2025 release stated that SoftBank had broken ground at the Lordstown, Ohio site, which it said was on track to be operational the following year.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A statement that ground was broken, dated by the release; no date of groundbreaking is given. \"Operational next year\" (2026) is a target, not an operation. No capacity is stated for Lordstown alone.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cpo-dc-stargate-lordstown-construction-1","evidence-cpo-dc-stargate-lordstown-construction-2"],"attributes":{"statedDates":[{"kind":"target_operation","date":"2026","statedBy":"softbank-group"}]}},{"id":"ab-scr-ostp-framework-published","statement":"The Office of Science and Technology Policy released the Framework for Nucleic Acid Synthesis Screening on 29 April 2024, and the copy served from the Biden White House archive on 28 October 2026 is marked as revised in September 2024, with April 2024 given as version 1.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Records the release and the version marks of the retrieved copy. The provisions recorded below are from the revised expression; whether they also stood in version 1 of April 2024 was not checked, because that version could not be retrieved.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ab-scr-ostp-framework-published-1","evidence-ab-scr-ostp-framework-published-2"]}],"sources":[{"id":"source-iem","title":"Intelligence Explosion Microeconomics","authors":["Eliezer Yudkowsky"],"publisher":"Machine Intelligence Research Institute","publicationDate":"2013","version":"Technical report 2013-1; last modified September 13, 2013","versionDate":"2013-09-13","canonicalUrl":"https://intelligence.org/files/IEM.pdf","evidenceUrl":"https://intelligence.org/files/IEM.pdf","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260917110159/https://intelligence.org/files/IEM.pdf","archivedAt":"2026-09-17","accessedAt":"2026-09-17","reuse":{"attribution":"Machine Intelligence Research Institute, Intelligence Explosion Microeconomics (2013).","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and minimal attributed excerpts only. Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-rsp-2-2","title":"Responsible Scaling Policy — v2.2","authors":["Anthropic"],"publisher":"Anthropic","publicationDate":null,"version":"Responsible Scaling Policy v2.2; effective date 2025-05-14.","versionDate":"2025-05-14","canonicalUrl":"https://www-cdn.anthropic.com/872c653b2d0501d6ab44cf87f43e1dc4853e4d37.pdf","evidenceUrl":"https://www-cdn.anthropic.com/872c653b2d0501d6ab44cf87f43e1dc4853e4d37.pdf","language":"en","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20250514223759/https://www-cdn.anthropic.com/872c653b2d0501d6ab44cf87f43e1dc4853e4d37.pdf","archivedAt":"2025-05-14","accessedAt":"2026-09-18","reuse":{"attribution":"Anthropic, Responsible Scaling Policy — v2.2.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Selekoa practice: metadata, attributed paraphrases and short attributed quotations under the editorial policy (at most 50 words each; at most 400 quoted words per document across the dataset, and about 10% of a document under about 2,000 words). Documents are linked externally, not redistributed. 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Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-rsp-v3-3-d4-oversight-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 13 (printed p. 12), §3.4 Procedures, item 5 ('Modified process when marginal risk analysis is important to our case')","passage":"In the event that marginal risk analysis (see previous section) plays a major role in a decision to move forward, explicit approval of the Risk Report by the Board and LTBT (rather than just the CEO and RSO) will be required.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Existing dataset passage for this edition, which contains the comparison’s shorter quotation, first checked on 2026-10-03. The comparison’s quotation was checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 against the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. Otherwise the Board and LTBT are informed after the CEO and RSO approve a Risk Report. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-rsp-v3-3-d4-oversight-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 14 (printed p. 13), §3.6 External Review, final paragraph before §3.6.1","passage":"In addition, upon the LTBT’s request, we will conduct a public or private external review of our Risk Report or sections thereof, subject to the procedures outlined below.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Existing dataset passage for this edition, which contains the comparison’s shorter quotation, first checked on 2026-10-03. The comparison’s quotation was checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 against the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-ap-ajay-agrawal-agrawal-gans-goldfarb-2018-prediction-judgment-complexity","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF text layer, first two pages: author name on the title page or first page","passage":"Ajay K. Agrawal","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Credited name checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 in a direct retrieval and checked by a reviewer from a different model family on 2026-10-27. Human editorial review is pending.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ap-eliezer-yudkowsky-sl4-2001-04-19-yudkowsky-0104-1166","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Message header, sender name (address not reproduced)","passage":"Credited as “Eliezer S. Yudkowsky” (message header, sender name (address not reproduced)).","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Credited name checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 in a direct retrieval. Given as a labelled paraphrase because a quotation would exceed the short-quotation limit for this document. Human editorial review is pending.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ap-paul-christiano-christiano-2018-minimal-circuits-daemon-free","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"“by” line beneath the title (username)","passage":"paulfchristiano","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Passage and locator as inspected by a reviewer from a different model family on 2026-10-27 in a direct retrieval; the preparer had restated the source record’s author list in place of the username. Human editorial review is pending.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"ev-cmp-frontier-governance-2026-d2-definition-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 7 (printed p. 05), §2.2 Systemic risk analysis","passage":"The edition says systemic risks are estimated, where appropriate and practicable, with risk tiers that describe in concrete terms what an AI system might help someone do, or might do itself, that could meaningfully increase the risk of severe harm.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Explicit paraphrase, written on 2026-10-27 by an automated research assistant after re-reading the passage in the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. The comparison quoted the passage; it is given here as a paraphrase to keep the edition within the quotation limit. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-faif-2026-d2-levels-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 6, first §2.3 'Systemic risk acceptance determination', second paragraph, third sentence","passage":"The edition says that, when deciding whether to accept residual risk, xAI reviews the risk tiers of every systemic risk category and builds in appropriate safety margins.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Explicit paraphrase, written on 2026-10-27 by an automated research assistant from the comparison’s quotation of this passage, which was checked on 2026-10-15 against the publisher copy (SHA-256 recorded in the comparison pack). The edition could not be retrieved again on 2026-10-27; the archive capture of 2026-07-16 has the same SHA-256 (research/archive-checks-2026-10-26/codex-report.md). Given as a paraphrase to keep the edition within the quotation limit. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"c2-ev-bytedance-seed-doubao-15-pro","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Page header, date line","passage":"2025.01.22","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). The quotation (1 words), a part of a longer passage that the pack joined across separate fields of the page, matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The pack had joined this field with others of the same page into one quotation; at admission each field became its own quotation (cross-family check, 2026-10-27). No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"c2-ev-bytedance-seed-doubao-15-pro-opening","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Opening paragraph, below the heading “Doubao-1.5-pro”","passage":"模型使用 MoE 架构，并通过训练-推理一体化设计","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). The quotation (19 words, each CJK character counted as one), a part of a longer passage that the pack joined across separate fields of the page, matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The pack had joined this field with others of the same page into one quotation; at admission each field became its own quotation (cross-family check, 2026-10-27). English machine translation, not verified by a person: “The model uses an MoE architecture and, through an integrated training–inference design,”. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"c2-ev-bytedance-seed-doubao-15-pro-title","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Page title","passage":"Doubao 1.5pro - Doubao Team","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). The quotation (4 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"ev-cmp-meta-faf-v1-1-d4-oversight","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Meta FAF · v1.1: Whole edition, PDF pp. 1–21, read in the text layer of the decoded PDF of the Internet Archive capture of 2025-02-13; cover and PDF pp. 12–13 and 19 inspected visually","passage":"Within the inspected scope, no passage meeting the comparison question “Board or external oversight” was found.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Absence recorded on 2026-10-28 by the maintainer’s decision of 2026-10-28, on the reading of a reviewer from a different model family on 2026-10-27, which read the whole edition in the Internet Archive capture of 2025-02-13, which it retrieved and hashed (decoded PDF SHA-256 9fa301df…cc21; research/frontier-framework-comparison/codex-meta-v1-1-2026-10-27.md) before opening the comparison’s stored cells. The reviewer proposed “stated, partly” on Table 1, footnote 7 (PDF p. 13); the decision records that passage as context. One reading; no second reviewer. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-fl-us-eo14179-signed-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"90 FR 8741, heading","passage":"Executive Order 14179 of January 23, 2025","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Candidate pack passage, frameworks to law (research/frameworks-to-law). The quotation (7 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-27 and again at admission on 2026-10-28, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Read directly from www.govinfo.gov. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-28, item 41) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-fl-us-eo14179-signed-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"90 FR 8741, masthead","passage":"Friday, January 31, 2025","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Candidate pack passage, frameworks to law (research/frameworks-to-law). The quotation (4 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-27 and again at admission on 2026-10-28, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Read directly from www.govinfo.gov. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-28, item 41) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-fl-uk-aisi-focus-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Body, paragraph on the Institute's focus","passage":"It will not focus on bias or freedom of speech, but on advancing our understanding of the most serious risks posed by the technology","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Candidate pack passage, frameworks to law (research/frameworks-to-law). The quotation (24 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-27 and again at admission on 2026-10-28, in a fresh retrieval of the same address (the page’s bytes had changed). Read directly from www.gov.uk. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-28, item 90) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-dc-stargate-lordstown-construction-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"paragraph 3","passage":"the same sentence says one of the two SoftBank–OpenAI sites is located in Lordstown, Ohio.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. The cross-family check found it faithful. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 21) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-dc-stargate-lordstown-construction-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"paragraph 3","passage":"SoftBank has broken ground on an advanced data center design which is on track to be operational next year","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (19 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval (SHA-256 a3d77f8db28800481eac9625ed0caf759b0f12015cf3b6f9f139cd330cc28292; the bytes differ from the pack’s retrieval). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 21) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ab-scr-ostp-framework-published-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Body, first paragraph after the update notice","passage":"The White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) released the Framework for Nucleic Acid Synthesis Screening on April 29, 2024 (revised September 2024).","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The quotation (25 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval (SHA-256 7bf82d2c26584279dda6f0e39bcda27a8a6d99249217f16f05621d428e6f4062; the bytes differ from the pack’s retrieval). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. HHS ASPR's page about the framework, as served on 2026-10-28. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item 32) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ab-scr-ostp-framework-published-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Cover page","passage":"the cover carries the title, the committee of origin, 'Revised: September 2024' and '2024 Version 1: April 2024'.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. Explicit paraphrase of the cover's version marks. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item 32) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"}],"at":{"entities":[0,9,19,23,36,44,48,50,51,55,57,106,199,207,217,232,250,254,280,294,322,328,339,340,343,351,360,368,455,464,497,518,542,546,589,611,643,802,850,944,1029,1040,1174,1219,1226],"claims":[508,637,691,757,836,943,996,997,998,1062,1115,1226,1405,1563,1608,1802,2062,2087,2180,2402,2477,2665,2686,2773,2858,2988,3030,3152,3303],"sources":[10,38,42,45,46,50,52,125,178,212,235,253,282,295,327,333,422,431,464,494,498,561,626,649,764,822,863,876,961,1047,1049],"evidence":[550,551,765,766,868,960,1047,1165,1222,1223,1224,1293,1355,1522,1523,1751,1956,2017,2018,2318,2664,2699,2700,2825,3049,3124,3343,3373,3509,3510,3511,3661,3871,3872,3935,4191,4192,4530,4531]},"version":"1lg47t7"}