{"entities":[{"id":"anthropic","name":"Anthropic"},{"id":"microsoft","name":"Microsoft"},{"id":"eliezer-yudkowsky","name":"Eliezer Yudkowsky"},{"id":"rsp-v2-0","name":"Anthropic Responsible Scaling Policy — v2.0"},{"id":"rsp-v2-1","name":"Anthropic Responsible Scaling Policy — v2.1"},{"id":"rsp-v3-4","name":"Anthropic Responsible Scaling Policy — v3.4"},{"id":"fsf-v3-0","name":"Google DeepMind Frontier Safety Framework — v3.0"},{"id":"faif-2025","name":"xAI Frontier Artificial Intelligence Framework — December 2025 edition"},{"id":"ppo-paper","name":"Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithms"},{"id":"instructgpt-paper","name":"Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback"},{"id":"claude2-model-card","name":"Claude 2 model card"},{"id":"alphafold-paper","name":"Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold (2021)"},{"id":"john-jumper","name":"John Jumper"},{"id":"meta","name":"Meta"},{"id":"yann-lecun","name":"Yann LeCun"},{"id":"meta-faf-v1-1","name":"Meta Frontier AI Framework — Version 1.1"},{"id":"meta-aasf-v2-0","name":"Meta Advanced AI Scaling Framework — Version 2"},{"id":"openai-group-pbc-certificate-2025","name":"Certificate of Incorporation of OpenAI Group PBC (filed 2025-10-28)"},{"id":"minimax","name":"MiniMax"},{"id":"erewhon-1872","name":"Erewhon, or Over the Range"},{"id":"turing-c1951-heretical-theory","name":"Intelligent Machinery, a Heretical Theory"},{"id":"arbital-programmer-deception","name":"Programmer deception"},{"id":"christiano-2019-what-failure-looks-like","name":"What failure looks like"},{"id":"fast-or-hard-takeoff","name":"Fast or hard takeoff"},{"id":"race-compression","name":"Strategic or race compression"},{"id":"strategic-concealment","name":"Strategic concealment"},{"id":"lw-2022-miri-announces-new-death-with-dignity","name":"MIRI announces new \"Death With Dignity\" strategy"},{"id":"eu-ai-act-2024","name":"Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (Artificial Intelligence Act), as published in the Official Journal"},{"id":"cn-generative-ai-interim-measures-2023","name":"Interim Measures for the Management of Generative Artificial Intelligence Services (生成式人工智能服务管理暂行办法), Order No. 15"},{"id":"long-run-history-suggests-acceleration","name":"Long-run history suggests a further acceleration"},{"id":"ai-as-task-automation","name":"AI as the automation of tasks"},{"id":"machines-cheaper-at-every-task","name":"Machines cheaper than labour at every task"},{"id":"compensating-policy-for-ai","name":"Compensating policy for AI’s distributional effects"},{"id":"brynjolfsson-rock-syverson-2017-productivity-paradox","name":"Artificial Intelligence and the Modern Productivity Paradox: A Clash of Expectations and Statistics"},{"id":"korinek-stiglitz-2017-ai-income-distribution","name":"Artificial Intelligence and Its Implications for Income Distribution and Unemployment"},{"id":"agrawal-gans-goldfarb-2019-ambiguous-labor-market-impact","name":"Artificial Intelligence: The Ambiguous Labor Market Impact of Automating Prediction"},{"id":"acemoglu-restrepo-2019-automation-and-new-tasks","name":"Automation and New Tasks: How Technology Displaces and Reinstates Labor"},{"id":"nilsson-1984-ai-employment-and-income","name":"Artificial Intelligence, Employment, and Income"},{"id":"reuther-1955-automation-hearings-statement","name":"Statement (president, Congress of Industrial Organizations), in Automation and Technological Change: Hearings"},{"id":"machine-intelligence-exceeds-humans-in-all-domains","name":"Machine intelligence exceeding human cognition in essentially all domains"},{"id":"ai-developer-incentives-and-safety","name":"AI developers’ incentives matter for safety"},{"id":"hanson-1998-is-a-singularity-just-around-the-corner","name":"Is a Singularity Just Around the Corner? 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What it takes to get explosive economic growth” (1998-06) articulates G03. From historical trends in growth rates he infers that the economy is slowly moving towards a high-growth mode and may reach it in roughly a century and a half.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Added on 2026-10-25 after the same-family and cross-family re-checks of the economics admission (maintainer decision of 2026-10-25). The growth strand’s searches had not included this text, which the collection holds from the strand on superintelligence. The inference rests on historical growth estimates for 1750–1995 (technical appendix) and names no technology as its cause. A conditional possibility, not a confident prediction: the appendix calls it \"possible, though not obvious\". The cross-family check of 2026-10-25 read the passage in the 1999-01-28 capture; in the correction pass web.archive.org refused connections, and the wording was matched in the current author-hosted copy.","evidenceIds":["evidence-ec-g03-hanson-1998-a"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["earliest-located"],"register":"nonfiction","claimed":{"date":"1998-03-30","note":"Author’s dateline at the end of the page (\"March 30, 1998\"); it does not date the published wording."},"attested":{"date":"1999-01-28","note":"Wayback capture of the author-hosted page."},"tier":{"value":1,"basis":"Journal article by an author with economist standing in 1998: the archived January 1999 homepage and vita show an economics address, economics teaching in 1995–96 and economics publications before 1998 (checked by the GPT review on 2026-10-15; web.archive.org was not reachable in the correction pass). The vita gives a 1997 PhD without naming the field, so \"economics PhD\" is not claimed."},"conditions":"The Conclusion opens: \"If we assume that the risk and time preferences of future investors will not vary much from those which evolution has given us\"."}}},{"id":"ec-m02-agrawal-gans-goldfarb-2019-ambiguous-labor-market-impact-a","statement":"Agrawal, Gans, Goldfarb, “Artificial Intelligence: The Ambiguous Labor Market Impact of Automating Prediction” (2019-02) articulates M02. 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The authors consider halting AI progress before turning to a human \"reservation\" policy.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"The authors' own reasoning on whether development can be governed. 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English rendering of the Chinese passage is a machine translation; no human translation review.","evidenceIds":["lg-ev-gc-yao-shunyu-tencent-chief-ai-scientist-2025"],"attributes":{"role":"首席AI科学家 (Chief AI Scientist), “CEO/总裁办公室” (CEO/President’s Office)"}},{"id":"lg-new-tay-reka-cofounder","statement":"Yi Tay wrote on his blog on 25 November 2024 that he had joined and co-founded Reka.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A first-person statement; it does not name the other founders or give a founding date. 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Whether any named developer's model falls within a category, and whether any developer complies, is legal application and is not recorded. A statutory duty is not evidence of implementation or enforcement. Regulation (EU) 2026/1744, inspected 2026-10-27, does not list this article among its amendments (its Article 1 amends Articles 1-6, 10, 11, 17, 25, 27-30, 40, 42, 43, 50, 56(6), 57, 58, 60, 63, 64, 69, 70, 72, 75-77, 95-97, 99, 111, 113 and Annexes I and VIII).","evidenceIds":["evidence-fl-eu-aia-art54-3-tasks-1","evidence-fl-eu-aia-art54-3-tasks-2"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"required_action","key":"aia-art54-3"}}},{"id":"fl-cn-genai-art12-labelling","statement":"Article 12 of the Interim Measures requires providers to label generated content such as images and videos in accordance with the Provisions on the Administration of Deep Synthesis of Internet Information Services.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Cross-reference only; the Deep Synthesis Provisions were not retrieved. The 2025 Labelling Measures set later labelling rules (recorded separately). Whether any named developer or service falls within the category is set aside.","evidenceIds":["evidence-fl-cn-genai-art12-labelling-1","evidence-fl-cn-genai-art12-labelling-2"],"attributes":{"provision":{"kind":"required_action","key":"cn-genai-art12"}}},{"id":"cpo-orb-oc4-suncatcher-paper-2025","statement":"The Suncatcher paper (November 2025) argues that if launch to LEO reaches $200 per kilogram, launch cost amortised over spacecraft life could be roughly comparable to terrestrial data-centre energy costs per kW.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"A conditional by proponents; the paper projects such prices by about the mid-2030s under a learning-curve assumption and says it is not a full economic feasibility study.","evidenceIds":["evidence-cpo-orb-oc4-suncatcher-paper-2025-1","evidence-cpo-orb-oc4-suncatcher-paper-2025-2","evidence-cpo-orb-oc4-suncatcher-paper-2025-3"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["articulation"],"register":"nonfiction","estimates":[{"holder":"stated in the text","value":"up to USD 200 per kg","horizon":"as stated in the text","definition":"launch price per kilogram","conditional":true,"conditions":"launch price per kilogram to LEO, stated threshold"}]}}},{"id":"cpo-dc-stargate-saline-announced","statement":"OpenAI, Oracle and Related Digital announced on 30 October 2025 plans to develop a data center campus with more than a gigawatt of capacity in Saline Township, Michigan, as part of the OpenAI–Oracle 4.5 GW partnership.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","qualification":"Announced plans; the release states construction is expected to begin in early 2026, pending approval by the Michigan Public Service Commission. 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Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"c2-src-minimax-m2-news-zh","title":"MiniMax M2 & Agent，大巧若拙","authors":["MiniMax"],"publisher":"MiniMax","publicationDate":"2025-10-27","version":"Dated page, retrieved on 2026-10-27 (SHA-256 1888eaa681d19f769fbdffd9646aede8e1ac45cb109e090f203117a9d1f5b370) directly from the publisher. Dated news page (2025.10.27) read as it stood on retrieval on 27 October 2026; reached via a redirect from minimaxi.com; earlier wording not authenticated. Its wording can change; earlier wording is not authenticated. English title (machine translation): “MiniMax M2 & Agent: Ingenious in Simplicity (MiniMax news)”. Publisher as printed on the inspected expression: MiniMax (minimax.cn).","canonicalUrl":"https://www.minimax.cn/news/minimax-m2","evidenceUrl":"https://www.minimax.cn/news/minimax-m2","language":"zh-Hans","archivedUrl":"https://web.archive.org/web/20261028221426/https://www.minimax.cn/news/minimax-m2","archivedAt":"2026-10-28","accessedAt":"2026-10-27","reuse":{"attribution":"MiniMax, “MiniMax M2 & Agent，大巧若拙”, 2025-10-27.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"c2-src-tc260-asgf-v2-pdf","title":"人工智能安全治理框架2.0","authors":["全国网络安全标准化技术委员会","国家计算机网络应急技术处理协调中心"],"publisher":"全国网络安全标准化技术委员会","publicationDate":"2025-09","version":"Dated document, retrieved on 2026-10-27 (SHA-256 50735b9ca01bff746169fa58e554abb97b4e62c27d4c97afd64f18ff83bba705) directly from the publisher. Version: 1759653474200838.pdf. 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Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-cn-generative-ai-measures-2023-govcn","title":"生成式人工智能服务管理暂行办法 (Interim Measures for the Management of Generative Artificial Intelligence Services), gov.cn State Council policy library copy","authors":["国家互联网信息办公室 (Cyberspace Administration of China) and six other departments"],"publisher":"中国政府网 (www.gov.cn), 国务院政策文件库","publicationDate":"2023-07-10","version":"Retrieved on 2026-10-27 (SHA-256 00bd290a9d14e7354b7131d30255daae26ce7ff73588483cbeb2030f56878277). A second posting of the text of the dataset's source for the Measures (the CAC's posting of 13 July 2023): the gov.cn State Council policy library page, which gives its source as 国家网信办网站 and its document date (成文日期) as 2023-07-10. The page body repeats the text twice (a print copy). The two postings were not compared word for word; every passage cited from this source was matched in this copy. The quotation limit is applied to this source and the CAC posting together. 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Retrieved again at admission on 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 7ade7bda82cd13e21aa9f22bd7204e183872fa98f6b9d01fd718bbd694f40f73, the same bytes). 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Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}},{"id":"source-ab-hhs-2023-fr","title":"Screening Framework Guidance for Providers and Users of Synthetic Nucleic Acids (88 FR 70998)","authors":["Federal Register (Office of the Federal Register, National Archives) via govinfo.gov"],"publisher":"Federal Register (Office of the Federal Register, National Archives) via govinfo.gov","publicationDate":null,"version":"Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 (SHA-256 20a3b9081d675539a0d8991d9021e5216ec373da9750df8711a4b55a47d54f16). Federal Register print of 13 October 2023, Vol. 88, No. 197, pp. 70998-71004, FR Doc. 2023-22540. The notice publishes the Guidance in full. Its technical sections (sequence screening methodology and the definitions that state screening criteria) were read but are not cited. Retrieved again at admission on 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 20a3b9081d675539a0d8991d9021e5216ec373da9750df8711a4b55a47d54f16, the same bytes).","canonicalUrl":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2023-10-13/pdf/2023-22540.pdf","evidenceUrl":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2023-10-13/pdf/2023-22540.pdf","language":"en","accessedAt":"2026-10-28","reuse":{"attribution":"Federal Register (Office of the Federal Register, National Archives) via govinfo.gov, “Screening Framework Guidance for Providers and Users of Synthetic Nucleic Acids (88 FR 70998)”.","licence":"No open redistribution licence asserted","note":"Bibliographic metadata, editorial paraphrases and short attributed quotations (at most 50 words each). Recheck terms before wider redistribution."}}],"evidence":[{"id":"evidence-issued-rsp-2-0","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 1, cover; no version number is printed","passage":"Effective October 15, 2024","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-03","note":"Verbatim excerpt checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-03 against the inspected PDF, byte-identical to the Internet Archive capture of 2024-10-22 (earlier assets.anthropic.com address); it replaces an earlier attributed paraphrase. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-issued-rsp-2-0-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Policy versions list, v2.0 entry","passage":"Version 2.0 (effective October 15, 2024)","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-03","note":"Verbatim excerpt checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-03 against the live page and the Internet Archive capture of 2026-09-18; it replaces an earlier attributed paraphrase. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-lineage-instruct-uses-ppo","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"v1 §3.5, Reinforcement learning, PDF p. 9","passage":"The paper names PPO as its fine-tuning algorithm.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-09-20","note":"Relevant source passage inspected by machine. Primary for what this document states; no independent replication or human review. 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Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-provchange-meta-aasf-v2-0-critical-threshold-earlier","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 13, §3.3 Risk thresholds, Table 1, Critical row, Risk Threshold column","passage":"Frontier AI Framework v1.1 states that a model is at the critical risk threshold when it would uniquely enable the execution of at least one threat scenario identified as potentially sufficient to produce a catastrophic outcome and that risk cannot be mitigated in the proposed deployment context.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-03","note":"Paraphrase checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-03 against the cited edition; the edition’s own wording is quoted in its provision record. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-provchange-meta-aasf-v2-0-critical-threshold-changelog","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 44, Appendix II – Change log, entry 'April 7, 2026 (Advanced AI Scaling Framework v2.0)', sub-bullet 'Updated risk threshold language'","passage":"The Version 2 change log states that “substantially contribute to” replaced “uniquely enable” as the primary standard for assessing whether a model meets the high or critical risk threshold.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-03","note":"Paraphrase checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-03 against the cited edition; the edition’s own wording is quoted in its provision record. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-prov-openai-group-pbc-cert-safety-mission-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Article III, second paragraph (page 2)","passage":"must solely consider the Mission (and may not consider the pecuniary interests of stockholders or any other interest) in respect of safety and security issues related to the OpenAI enterprise","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-04","note":"Verbatim quote transcribed from the page image by the integrating session on 2026-10-04 and compared with the scan; the copy has no reliable text layer, so the match is visual, not mechanical. The passage was first proposed and machine-verified in the week 4b research pass. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-ts-a6-erewhon-1872-context","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Chapter XXII, p. 201 (leaf 213), sentence beginning \"It is true, from a low materialistic point of view\"","passage":"The treatise grants that, from a material point of view, those who use machinery most prosper, and that whoever fails to keep up is \"left behind in the race of competition\".","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-06","note":"Read on the page image of p. 201."},{"id":"evidence-ts-a4-turing-c1951-context","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Concluding paragraph, typescript p. 10 (scan 16)","passage":"Turing writes that it seems probable that once the machine thinking method had started, it \"would not take long to outstrip our feeble powers\".","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-06","note":"Read on the page image."},{"id":"evidence-ts-b2-arbital-programmer-deception","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Second paragraph","passage":"The possibility of programmer deception is a central difficulty of advanced safety—it means that, [...] we can’t rely on observations of nice current behavior to indicate future behavior.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-06","note":"Checked against the current viewer page on 2026-10-06; shortened from the candidate search’s quotation to fit the limit for a page of about 440 words."},{"id":"evidence-ts-a4-christiano-2019-wflf-context","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Introduction, second paragraph","passage":"These problems are worse in worlds where progress is relatively fast, and fast takeoff can be a key risk factor, but I’m scared even if we have several years. [...] I think the basic problems are still essentially the same though","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Checked against the first stored version on 2026-10-06. On 2026-10-30, by the maintainer’s decision of that day, the quotation was corrected to the archive capture of 2019-06-08 (quotation marks and apostrophes as in the capture), which a cross-family archive check read on 2026-10-28; the proposition is unchanged."},{"id":"evidence-ec-g03-hanson-1998-a","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Journal of Transhumanism 2 (June 1998), Wayback capture 1999-01-28; section \"Conclusion\", sentence beginning \"Historical trends on growth rates\"","passage":"Historical trends on growth rates suggest that we are slowly moving up the capital supply curve toward the high growth mode, and may reach it in roughly a century and a half.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-25","note":"Quoted by the cross-family check of 2026-10-25 from the capture of 1999-01-28. In the correction pass of 2026-10-25 the quotation matched the current author-hosted copy (mason.gmu.edu/~rhanson/fastgrow.html, SHA-256 fc38cdb6ed78957eff6591acd2759c2c5981b7e02a07718e6f009b68d4efde78); web.archive.org refused connections, so the capture was not re-read.","contextOnly":{"reason":"Shown alone, the sentence can read as a forecast.","requires":"The Conclusion’s premise that future investors’ risk and time preferences stay close to those evolution gave us, and the appendix’s hedge that the transition is \"possible, though not obvious\"."}},{"id":"evidence-ec-m02-18","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"pdf page 4; introduction (printed p. 2)","passage":"First, artificial intelligence may directly substitute capital for labor in prediction tasks.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-14","note":"Candidate pack passage M02-18 (research/economics-mainstream). 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Re-checked at admission on 2026-10-14 against a copy retrieved that day.","contextOnly":{"reason":"Misleads when shown alone (GPT cross-family check of 2026-10-12, accepted by the maintainer on 2026-10-12).","requires":"An own-voice conditional technological argument; it is not an established forecast."}},{"id":"evidence-ec-m06b-21","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"pdf page 22; section on the balance between automation and new tasks (printed p. 21)","passage":"These might include removing incentives for excessive automation (such as the preferential treatment of capital equipment) and policies designed to rebalance the direction of technological change","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-14","note":"Candidate pack passage M06b-21 (research/economics-mainstream). The quotation (26 words) matched the retrieved current copy (SHA-256 7757f77583c186dbbd0945e81e286fbb3ec35ed4e633ce65b2bb22f9f1bec490) in the pack's verification. Re-checked at admission on 2026-10-14 against a copy retrieved that day."},{"id":"evidence-ec-e02-17","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"pdf p.3; §1 Introduction, first paragraph","passage":"Future models may reach the level of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)—the ability to perform all cognitive tasks at least as well as skilled humans","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-16","note":"Candidate pack passage E02-17 (research/economics-mainstream/esoteric). The quotation (24 words) matched the retrieved current copy (SHA-256 06dda75180302720e0843a180c00d04fa99e38db0f5d6d4e06d7f29388a115bb) in the pack's verification of 2026-10-15. Re-checked at admission on 2026-10-16 against a copy retrieved that day."},{"id":"evidence-ec-e04-08","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"NBER WP 24174, \"Second Scenario\", p. 38","passage":"One question that these observations bring up is whether it might be desirable for humanity to slow down or halt progress in AI beyond a certain point.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-16","note":"Candidate pack passage E04-08 (research/economics-mainstream/esoteric). The quotation (27 words) matched the retrieved current copy (SHA-256 aeddf962b5c488cae68b7d48cef964de22379c78e75579c5793f0df71d5e9f40) in the pack's verification of 2026-10-15. Re-checked at admission on 2026-10-16 against a copy retrieved that day.","contextOnly":{"reason":"Fresh-context audit (A2) judged that the quotation misleads when shown alone.","requires":"The authors go on to argue that even if such a move were desirable, it may well be technologically infeasible, and that a graduate student working in a garage could create super-human AI; the next sentence turns to property-rights mechanisms if progress cannot be halted."}},{"id":"lg-ev-gc-yao-shunyu-tencent-chief-ai-scientist-2025","sourceRole":"secondary","support":"supports","locator":"Second paragraph of the article body","passage":"姚顺雨（Vinces Yao）出任“CEO/总裁办公室”首席AI科学家，向腾讯总裁刘炽平汇报","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (2 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-16/17) re-read the record’s sources and agreed with the record. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"lg-ev-new-tay-reka-cofounder","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Section “Reflections on my Reka arc”, first sentence","passage":"I’m thankful for all the things I got to learn and experience from joining and co-founding Reka.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (17 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"lg-ev-new-tay-reka-cofounder-b","sourceRole":"secondary","support":"supports","locator":"Paragraph beginning “Co-founder and Chief Scientist Yi Tay”","passage":"Co-founder and Chief Scientist Yi Tay is a former member of the Google Brain team","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-15","note":"Candidate pack passage, lab genealogy (research/lab-genealogy). The quotation (15 words) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-15 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"ev-cmp-rsp-v3-4-d6-discretion-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 3, Introduction, paragraph on Frontier Safety Roadmaps, final sentence","passage":"not hard commitments but rather public goals","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Verbatim excerpt checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 against the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. Refers only to the goals in the Frontier Safety Roadmap, not to the policy as a whole. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-rsp-v3-4-d6-discretion-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 16, §4 Governance, item 1 ('Responsible Scaling Officer'), duty (6)","passage":"making judgment calls on policy interpretation and application","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Verbatim excerpt checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 against the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"evidence-ap-erik-brynjolfsson-brynjolfsson-rock-syverson-2017-productivity-paradox","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF text layer, first two pages: author name on the title page or first page","passage":"Erik Brynjolfsson","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Credited name checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 in a direct retrieval and checked by a reviewer from a different model family on 2026-10-27. Human editorial review is pending.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ap-walter-p-reuther-reuther-1955-automation-hearings-statement","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"OCR text of the scanned volume: heading of the statement or paper","passage":"WALTER ?. REUTHER","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Credited name checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 in a direct retrieval of the scan’s OCR text and checked by a reviewer from a different model family on 2026-10-27. Human editorial review is pending.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ap-eliezer-yudkowsky-lw-2022-miri-announces-new-death-with-dignity","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Post author list in the publisher’s post data (LessWrong GraphQL API)","passage":"Eliezer Yudkowsky","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Credited name checked by an automated research assistant on 2026-10-27 in a direct retrieval through the publisher’s post data and checked by a reviewer from a different model family on 2026-10-27. Human editorial review is pending.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"ev-cmp-rsp-v2-1-d5-cadence-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 10 (printed p. 6), §3.1 Preliminary Assessment, definition of “notably more capable” and numbered items 1–2","passage":"The edition treats a model as “notably more capable”, which triggers a comprehensive assessment, when it performs notably better in automated testing of risk-relevant domains (an Effective Compute increase of at least 4x) or six months of finetuning and elicitation improvements have accumulated.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Explicit paraphrase by an automated research assistant, corrected on 2026-10-28 after a blind check of all 287 comparison paraphrases by a reviewer from a different model family on 2026-10-28 (research/frontier-framework-comparison/codex-paraphrases-2026-10-28.md), which found that its locator named only item 1, while the six-month alternative is item 2; the locator was corrected and the paraphrase is unchanged. The correction was written from the passage as re-read in the publisher copy retrieved on 2026-10-28, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. Given as a paraphrase to keep the edition within the quotation limit. The Responsible Scaling Officer may also require a comprehensive assessment at their discretion. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-fsf-v3-0-d1-cyber-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 5 (printed p. 5), §1.3 Outline of Our Risk Assessment Process, 'Identification' bullet, first sentence","passage":"The edition says Google DeepMind has determined, on early research, that severe risks from future models may be likeliest in four domains: CBRN, cyber, harmful manipulation and “machine learning R&D”.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Explicit paraphrase, written on 2026-10-27 by an automated research assistant after re-reading the passage in the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. The comparison quoted the passage; it is given here as a paraphrase to keep the edition within the quotation limit. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-faif-2025-d1-cbrn-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 4 (no printed page numbers), 'Addressing Risks of Malicious Use' › '2. Risk Assessment', first paragraph, first sentence","passage":"Under the heading “Biological and Chemical Weapons”, the edition says xAI addresses these risks through threat modelling.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Explicit paraphrase, written on 2026-10-27 by an automated research assistant after re-reading the passage in the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. The comparison quoted the passage; it is given here as a paraphrase to keep the edition within the quotation limit. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"ev-cmp-faif-2025-d1-cbrn-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 5, 'Addressing Risks of Malicious Use' › '2. Risk Assessment', paragraph 'Radiological and Nuclear Weapons', heading and end of first sentence","passage":"Under the heading “Radiological and Nuclear Weapons”, the edition says that, on assessments to date, xAI concludes its models generally pose an acceptable risk.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Explicit paraphrase, written on 2026-10-27 by an automated research assistant after re-reading the passage in the publisher copy, whose SHA-256 matches the copy retrieved on 2026-10-15. The comparison quoted the passage; it is given here as a paraphrase to keep the edition within the quotation limit. Human editorial review is pending."},{"id":"c2-ev-governance-tc260-asgf-v2-classification-grading-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"§5.5","passage":"探索提出具有共识的安全风险分级原则（附件1），从应用场景、智能化水平、应用规模等维度入手","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). Transcribed as printed. The passage matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day, read directly from the publisher; in the PDF’s text layer it contains control characters (U+0001) and compatibility forms (Kangxi radicals, ⻛ for 风, ⻅ for 见), which the candidate pack marked with ellipses. The cross-family check found that those ellipses do not reproduce the printed text (K047), so the quotation was re-extracted at admission, without them and with the forms normalised, from a direct retrieval of the PDF whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. English machine translation, not verified by a person: “explore and propose consensus principles for grading safety risks (Annex 1), starting from dimensions such as application scenario, level of intelligence and scale of application”. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"c2-ev-minimax-m2-announcement","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Opening paragraph","passage":"今天，我们正式开源并上线了 MiniMax M2，专为 Agent 和代码而生","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). The quotation (22 words, each CJK character counted as one) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. English machine translation, not verified by a person: “Today, we have officially open-sourced and launched MiniMax M2, built for agents and code”. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"c2-ev-minimax-m2-announcement-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Pricing section","passage":"我们也已经在huggingface上开源了完整的模型权重","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). The quotation (18 words, each CJK character counted as one) matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. English machine translation, not verified by a person: “we have also open-sourced the complete model weights on Hugging Face”. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"c2-ev-minimax-m2-announcement-date","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Page header","passage":"The page header gives the date 2025.10.27 above the title.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-27","note":"Candidate pack passage, Chinese frontier-AI institutions, second collection (research/china-labs-2). The paraphrase’s verbatim anchor “2025.10.27 MiniMax M2 & Agent，大巧若拙” matched the retrieved text on 2026-10-27 and again in a fresh retrieval the same day. Read directly from the publisher. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, apostrophes, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The paraphrase is Selekoa’s; only the anchor is the source’s wording. English machine translation, not verified by a person: “2025.10.27 MiniMax M2 & Agent: great skill appears clumsy”. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-fl-eu-aia-art54-3-tasks-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Article 54(3), points (a) to (d)","passage":"The mandate is to empower the representative to (a) verify that the Annex XI technical documentation has been drawn up and the Article 53 and, where applicable, Article 55 obligations fulfilled; (b) keep a copy of that documentation and the provider's contact details for 10 years after placing on the market; (c) provide information on reasoned request; (d) cooperate with the AI Office and competent authorities.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Candidate pack passage, frameworks to law (research/frameworks-to-law). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved on 2026-10-27 and read the Publications Office's Cellar repository (the same Official Journal expression as the dataset's EUR-Lex source; EUR-Lex returned empty responses); it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-fl-eu-aia-art54-3-tasks-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Article 54(3), point (b)","passage":"for a period of 10 years after the general-purpose AI model has been placed on the market","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Added at the admission of the frameworks-to-law pack (research/frameworks-to-law). Added at admission: the schema requires a provision record to quote the edition, and the pack gave this provision by paraphrase only. The passage was read from a fresh retrieval at admission whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s, and is within the source’s quotation limit. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-fl-cn-genai-art12-labelling-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Article 12 (第十二条)","passage":"Providers are to label generated content such as pictures and videos according to the Provisions on the Administration of Deep Synthesis of Internet Information Services (《互联网信息服务深度合成管理规定》).","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Candidate pack passage, frameworks to law (research/frameworks-to-law). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved on 2026-10-27 and read directly from www.gov.cn; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-fl-cn-genai-art12-labelling-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Article 12 (第十二条)","passage":"对图片、视频等生成内容进行标识","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-28","note":"Added at the admission of the frameworks-to-law pack (research/frameworks-to-law). Added at admission: the schema requires a provision record to quote the edition, and the pack gave this provision by paraphrase only. The passage was read from a fresh retrieval at admission whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s, and is within the source’s quotation limit. English machine translation, not verified by a person: “label generated content such as pictures and videos”. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-orb-oc4-suncatcher-paper-2025-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 6, section on launch costs","passage":"if launch costs to LEO reach $200/kg, then the cost of launch amortized over spacecraft lifetime could be roughly comparable to data center energy costs, on a per-kW basis","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (29 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 89) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-orb-oc4-suncatcher-paper-2025-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"context","locator":"PDF p. 1, abstract","passage":"a learning curve analysis suggests launch to low-Earth orbit (LEO) may reach ≲$200/kg by the mid-2030s","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (16 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 89) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-orb-oc4-suncatcher-paper-2025-3","sourceRole":"primary","support":"context","locator":"PDF p. 10","passage":"not intended as a comprehensive economic feasibility study","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (8 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 89) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-dc-stargate-saline-announced-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"paragraph 1","passage":"today announced plans to develop a data center campus with more than a gigawatt of capacity in Saline Township, Michigan","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (20 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval (SHA-256 cace0bdcf4e141738257e36cb45da8691cbcdb35bcb178065f11e4d78b0e8fa4; the bytes differ from the pack’s retrieval). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 26) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed in part; its corrections were applied at admission. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-dc-stargate-saline-announced-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"paragraph 1","passage":"is part of OpenAI and Oracle’s previously announced partnership to deliver 4.5 gigawatts of additional Stargate capacity","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (17 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval (SHA-256 cace0bdcf4e141738257e36cb45da8691cbcdb35bcb178065f11e4d78b0e8fa4; the bytes differ from the pack’s retrieval). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 26) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed in part; its corrections were applied at admission. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-dc-stargate-saline-announced-3","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"paragraph 9","passage":"Pending approval by the Michigan Public Service Commission, the project is expected to begin construction in early 2026.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (18 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval (SHA-256 cace0bdcf4e141738257e36cb45da8691cbcdb35bcb178065f11e4d78b0e8fa4; the bytes differ from the pack’s retrieval). Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 26) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed in part; its corrections were applied at admission. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-dc-stargate-saline-announced-4","sourceRole":"primary","support":"context","locator":"paragraph 1","passage":"the release calls it a multi-billion dollar investment.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. The cross-family check found it faithful. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-29/30, item 26) answered the record’s question blind from fresh retrievals and agreed in part; its corrections were applied at admission. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-pw-helion-microsoft-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"paragraph beginning “EVERETT, WASHINGTON – MAY 10, 2023…”","passage":"Helion Energy (Helion) today announced an agreement to provide Microsoft electricity from its first fusion power plant.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (17 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-pw-helion-microsoft-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"paragraph beginning “The plant is expected to be…”","passage":"The plant is expected to be online by 2028 and will target power generation of 50 MW or greater after a 1-year ramp up period.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (25 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-pw-helion-microsoft-3","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"paragraph beginning “EVERETT, WASHINGTON – MAY 10, 2023…”","passage":"Constellation will serve as the power marketer and will manage transmission for the project.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The quotation (14 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-cpo-pw-helion-microsoft-4","sourceRole":"primary","support":"context","locator":"paragraph on the facility","passage":"the release says the facility will help Microsoft achieve its goal of being carbon negative by 2030.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, compute, power and orbit (research/compute-power-orbit). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. The cross-family check found it faithful. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ab-fw-rsp-v2-1-adds-cbrn-development-threshold-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"PDF p. 22 (printed p. 18), Changelog, entry “March 31, 2025 (RSP v2.1)”, paragraph “New Capability Thresholds”, first sentence","passage":"We have added a new capability threshold related to CBRN development, which defines capabilities that could substantially uplift the development capabilities of moderately resourced state programs.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The quotation (26 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. A cross-family machine check (2026-10-30, item 4) re-read the record’s sources and found full support. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ab-scr-hhs-2023-scope-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"III. Goals and Scope of the Guidance, 88 FR 71000","passage":"The Guidance pertains to the sale or transfer of all types of synthetic nucleic acids, i.e., DNA and RNA, whether single- or double-stranded.","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The quotation (23 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ab-scr-hhs-2023-scope-2","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"I. Introduction, 88 FR 70999-71000","passage":"the Guidance sets out recommended baseline standards for the nucleic acid synthesis industry (Providers) and for Manufacturers of benchtop nucleic acid synthesis devices, and best practices for Customers of synthetic nucleic acids, which it lists as institutions, Principal Users, End Users and Third-Party Vendors.","passageType":"paraphrase","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The paraphrase is Selekoa’s, written from the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28; it is not a quotation and was not machine-matched. Explicit paraphrase; the sentence it paraphrases also names the category of sequences screened for, which is not reproduced. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ab-gov-us-nsm-aisi-guidance-bio-chem-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","locator":"Subsection 3.3(e)(ii)(A)","passage":"How to measure capabilities that are relevant to the risk that AI models could enable the development of biological and chemical weapons or the automation of offensive cyber operations","passageType":"quote","verification":"machine_checked","checkedAt":"2026-10-30","note":"Candidate pack passage, AI and biosecurity (research/ai-bio). The quotation (29 words) matched the text retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 and again at admission on 2026-10-30, in a fresh retrieval whose SHA-256 equals the pack’s. Matching ignored differences of whitespace, case, quotation marks, dashes and Unicode compatibility forms, so the source’s typography can differ. The guidance is to build on guidelines issued pursuant to subsection 4.1(a) of Executive Order 14110. No human editorial review.","retrievalRoute":"direct"}],"at":{"entities":[1,4,19,42,43,49,51,56,91,94,114,134,135,157,159,199,200,223,248,256,259,325,329,339,341,343,433,491,503,506,514,517,519,539,540,547,549,565,568,586,588,590,601,775,809,830,832,859,913,980,1003,1093,1118,1152,1164,1178,1216,1218],"claims":[58,214,262,299,336,511,644,763,776,947,959,1258,1330,1365,1433,1517,1537,1817,2032,2095,2198,2313,2465,2512,2613,2670,2808,2815,2876,2895,3088,3160,3175,3264,3297,3334],"sources":[29,36,37,43,46,51,94,115,134,159,178,180,215,256,259,330,334,400,457,491,492,499,501,518,521,538,550,613,724,735,809,832,836,922,983,1020,1037,1046],"evidence":[60,61,233,283,320,358,556,557,558,777,970,984,1169,1182,1574,1661,1705,1783,1891,1920,2336,2627,2628,2713,2714,2843,2960,3112,3160,3279,3350,3351,3577,3587,3588,3589,3690,3691,3730,3731,4056,4057,4058,4207,4208,4209,4210,4250,4251,4252,4253,4478,4521,4522,4581]},"version":"1lg47t7"}