{"index":{"byClaim":[["am-u03-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank",["propositions:ai-and-money"]],["am-u05-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank",["propositions:ai-and-money"]],["am-u06-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank",["propositions:ai-and-money"]],["am-u11-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank",["propositions:ai-and-money"]]],"marks":[],"chronicle":{"years":[{"year":1637,"topics":{"ideas":2},"stated":0},{"year":1843,"topics":{"ideas":1},"stated":0},{"year":1863,"topics":{"ideas":10},"stated":0},{"year":1865,"topics":{"ideas":3},"stated":0},{"year":1872,"topics":{"ideas":12},"stated":0},{"year":1923,"topics":{"ideas":3},"stated":0},{"year":1943,"topics":{"ideas":1},"stated":0},{"year":1947,"topics":{"ideas":4},"stated":0},{"year":1948,"topics":{"ideas":7},"stated":0},{"year":1949,"topics":{"ideas":4},"stated":0},{"year":1950,"topics":{"ideas":13},"stated":0},{"year":1951,"topics":{"ideas":14},"stated":0},{"year":1952,"topics":{"ideas":2},"stated":0},{"year":1955,"topics":{"ideas":32},"stated":0},{"year":1956,"topics":{"ideas":1},"stated":0},{"year":1957,"topics":{"ideas":1},"stated":0},{"year":1958,"topics":{"ideas":8},"stated":0},{"year":1959,"topics":{"ideas":7},"stated":0},{"year":1960,"topics":{"ideas":12},"stated":0},{"year":1961,"topics":{"ideas":14},"stated":0},{"year":1965,"topics":{"ideas":9},"stated":0},{"year":1966,"topics":{"ideas":21},"stated":0},{"year":1968,"topics":{"ideas":5},"stated":0},{"year":1969,"topics":{"ideas":2},"stated":0},{"year":1971,"topics":{"ideas":4},"stated":0},{"year":1972,"topics":{"ideas":1},"stated":0},{"year":1973,"topics":{"ideas":5},"stated":0},{"year":1974,"topics":{"ideas":2},"stated":0},{"year":1975,"topics":{"ideas":1},"stated":0},{"year":1976,"topics":{"ideas":1},"stated":0},{"year":1977,"topics":{"people":2,"ideas":8},"stated":0},{"year":1979,"topics":{"ideas":10},"stated":0},{"year":1980,"topics":{"ideas":2},"stated":0},{"year":1981,"topics":{"people":2},"stated":0},{"year":1982,"topics":{"ideas":4},"stated":0},{"year":1983,"topics":{"ideas":7},"stated":0},{"year":1984,"topics":{"ideas":21},"stated":0},{"year":1985,"topics":{"ideas":9},"stated":0},{"year":1986,"topics":{"ideas":18},"stated":0},{"year":1987,"topics":{"ideas":1},"stated":0},{"year":1988,"topics":{"ideas":6},"stated":0},{"year":1989,"topics":{"ideas":26},"stated":0},{"year":1990,"topics":{"ideas":9},"stated":0},{"year":1991,"topics":{"ideas":14},"stated":0},{"year":1992,"topics":{"ideas":15},"stated":0},{"year":1993,"topics":{"ideas":27,"people":3},"stated":0},{"year":1994,"topics":{"ideas":18},"stated":0},{"year":1995,"topics":{"ideas":10,"people":1},"stated":0},{"year":1996,"topics":{"ideas":83},"stated":0},{"year":1997,"topics":{"ideas":20},"stated":0},{"year":1998,"topics":{"ideas":56},"stated":0},{"year":1999,"topics":{"ideas":36,"people":1,"institutions":1},"stated":0},{"year":2000,"topics":{"ideas":78},"stated":0},{"year":2001,"topics":{"ideas":58},"stated":0},{"year":2002,"topics":{"ideas":32},"stated":0},{"year":2003,"topics":{"ideas":9},"stated":0},{"year":2004,"topics":{"ideas":15,"people":3},"stated":0},{"year":2005,"topics":{"ideas":20,"people":1},"stated":0},{"year":2006,"topics":{"ideas":26,"people":1},"stated":0},{"year":2007,"topics":{"ideas":21},"stated":0},{"year":2008,"topics":{"ideas":67,"people":3,"institutions":1},"stated":0},{"year":2009,"topics":{"ideas":13,"people":1},"stated":0},{"year":2010,"topics":{"people":3,"ideas":14,"institutions":1,"governance":4},"stated":0},{"year":2011,"topics":{"people":3,"ideas":20,"institutions":2},"stated":0},{"year":2012,"topics":{"people":4,"ideas":20,"institutions":2},"stated":0},{"year":2013,"topics":{"ideas":47,"people":4,"institutions":2,"capital":1},"stated":0},{"year":2014,"topics":{"institutions":2,"ideas":63,"people":5},"stated":0},{"year":2015,"topics":{"people":23,"ideas":135,"institutions":3,"capital":1},"stated":0},{"year":2016,"topics":{"ideas":88,"people":2},"stated":0},{"year":2017,"topics":{"people":16,"institutions":3,"ideas":150,"governance":2},"stated":0},{"year":2018,"topics":{"people":9,"ideas":172,"institutions":9,"governance":1},"stated":0},{"year":2019,"topics":{"capital":1,"compute":1,"people":11,"governance":19,"ideas":188,"institutions":5},"stated":0},{"year":2020,"topics":{"people":6,"ideas":99,"institutions":1,"governance":2},"stated":0},{"year":2021,"topics":{"people":27,"ideas":195,"compute":1,"institutions":25,"governance":4,"capital":6},"stated":0},{"year":2022,"topics":{"people":15,"ideas":241,"institutions":8,"governance":3,"compute":2,"capital":1},"stated":0},{"year":2023,"topics":{"capital":14,"compute":7,"institutions":27,"people":55,"governance":239,"ideas":422},"stated":0},{"year":2024,"topics":{"capital":31,"compute":19,"governance":367,"people":103,"ideas":231,"institutions":39},"stated":1},{"year":2025,"topics":{"governance":796,"compute":70,"capital":61,"people":145,"institutions":33,"ideas":215},"stated":7},{"year":2026,"topics":{"governance":619,"capital":30,"compute":33,"institutions":32,"ideas":128,"people":139},"stated":19},{"year":2027,"topics":{},"stated":8},{"year":2028,"topics":{},"stated":6},{"year":2029,"topics":{},"stated":3},{"year":2030,"topics":{},"stated":3},{"year":2032,"topics":{},"stated":2},{"year":2035,"topics":{},"stated":2},{"year":2039,"topics":{},"stated":1},{"year":2042,"topics":{},"stated":1},{"year":2050,"topics":{},"stated":1}],"scheduled":[],"statedBy":[]},"collections":[{"target":{"kind":"propositions","id":"antecedent-texts"},"title":"Antecedent texts: machine intelligence before 1965","claimIds":[],"records":[]},{"target":{"kind":"propositions","id":"superintelligence"},"title":"Propositions about superintelligence, 1863–2025","claimIds":[],"records":[]},{"target":{"kind":"propositions","id":"risk-debate"},"title":"Arguments about catastrophic risk from advanced AI, 1863–2026","claimIds":[],"records":[]},{"target":{"kind":"propositions","id":"yudkowsky-arguments"},"title":"Eliezer Yudkowsky’s arguments on common claims about AI, 1996–2026","claimIds":[],"records":[]},{"target":{"kind":"propositions","id":"machine-succession"},"title":"Machine succession, scale and acceleration: propositions in located texts, 1863–2026","claimIds":[],"records":[]},{"target":{"kind":"propositions","id":"economics-of-machine-intelligence"},"title":"Economics of machine intelligence: texts from 1952 to 2026 that state, contest or bear on its propositions","claimIds":[],"records":[]},{"target":{"kind":"propositions","id":"orbital-compute-arguments"},"title":"Arguments about compute in orbit","claimIds":[],"records":[]},{"target":{"kind":"propositions","id":"ai-bio-arguments"},"title":"Arguments about AI and biological risk","claimIds":[],"records":[]},{"target":{"kind":"propositions","id":"ai-in-science"},"title":"AI in science","claimIds":[],"records":[]},{"target":{"kind":"propositions","id":"ai-and-money"},"title":"AI and money: what central banks and financial authorities have said, 1997–2026","claimIds":["am-u03-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","am-u05-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","am-u06-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","am-u11-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank"],"records":[]},{"target":{"kind":"documents"},"title":"Frontier safety frameworks","claimIds":[]},{"target":{"kind":"compare","id":"frontier-safety-frameworks"},"title":"Compare frameworks","claimIds":[]},{"target":{"kind":"control","id":"openai"},"title":"OpenAI’s control structure, 2015–2026","claimIds":[]},{"target":{"kind":"control","id":"anthropic"},"title":"Anthropic’s control structure, 2021–2026","claimIds":[]},{"target":{"kind":"commitments"},"title":"External commitments and obligations","claimIds":[]},{"target":{"kind":"question","id":"frameworks-to-obligations"},"title":"Frameworks, commitments and legal obligations, 2023–2026","claimIds":[]},{"target":{"kind":"reading"},"title":"Founding and early leadership","claimIds":[]}]},"version":"1w72rbb","build":"index-CoKtSxT7.js","packed":1,"at":{"entities":[2259,66,2,1,5],"claims":[6716,30,10,56],"sources":[2146],"evidence":[9192,1,56,1,24,1,116]},"records":{"entities":{"n":5,"fields":{"id":["ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","ai-cyber-fraud-operational-risk","ai-improves-nowcasting-policy-analysis","ai-matters-for-monetary-policy","central-banks-build-ai-capacity"],"name":["Artificial intelligence: a central bank’s view","AI increases cyber, fraud and operational risks in finance","AI can improve nowcasting and policy analysis","AI’s economic effects matter for monetary policy","Central banks need to build their own AI capacity"],"type":["document","concept","concept","concept","concept"],"subtype":["Speech"],"description":["Speech by Piero Cipollone, Member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank. A speech or remarks are the speaker’s, not the European Central Bank’s policy unless its own text says so. Dated 2024-07-04. Occasion: National Conference of Statistics on official statistics at the time of artificial intelligence, Rome."],"sourceIds":[["source-am-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank"]],"proposition":[{"code":"J03","criterion":"AI, including generative AI, increases the capabilities available for cyberattacks, fraud, impersonation (such as deepfakes) or market manipulation against financial firms, customers or markets, or adds operational risks that financial authorities should take into account.","terms":[]},{"code":"J05","criterion":"Machine-learning or AI techniques can improve nowcasting, forecasting, the processing of large or unstructured data, or other economic and policy analysis used by central banks.","terms":[]},{"code":"J06","criterion":"The effects of AI on productivity, labour markets, prices, investment or the neutral rate of interest are relevant to the conduct of monetary policy, so that central banks need to assess or respond to them.","terms":[]},{"code":"J11","criterion":"Central banks need to invest in their own AI capabilities (data, computing, skills or staff), or to cooperate or pool resources with other central banks, to make use of AI or keep pace with its adoption.","terms":[]}]},"held":{"subtype":[0],"description":[0],"sourceIds":[0],"proposition":[1,1,1,1]}},"claims":{"n":4,"fields":{"id":["am-u03-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","am-u05-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","am-u06-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","am-u11-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank"],"subject":["ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank"],"predicate":["articulates_proposition","articulates_proposition","articulates_proposition","articulates_proposition"],"object":[{"kind":"entity","entityId":"ai-cyber-fraud-operational-risk"},{"kind":"entity","entityId":"ai-improves-nowcasting-policy-analysis"},{"kind":"entity","entityId":"ai-matters-for-monetary-policy"},{"kind":"entity","entityId":"central-banks-build-ai-capacity"}],"topic":["ideas","ideas","ideas","ideas"],"statement":["In a keynote speech in Rome on 4 July 2024, Piero Cipollone, Member of the Executive Board of the ECB, said that a risk stemming from AI is the degree to which it can be used to spread false information, facilitate fraud or launch cyberattacks, including deepfakes of policymakers in a crisis.","In a keynote speech in Rome on 4 July 2024, Piero Cipollone, Member of the Executive Board of the ECB, said that AI enables real-time analysis of economic indicators and that ECB staff use AI to nowcast inflation, including web-scraped price data and large language models for data classification.","In a keynote speech in Rome on 4 July 2024, Piero Cipollone, Member of the Executive Board of the ECB, said that AI could affect the economy in areas particularly relevant for monetary policy, including prices, monetary policy transmission and the natural rate of interest, which could move up or down depending on AI’s effects.","In a keynote speech in Rome on 4 July 2024, Piero Cipollone, Member of the Executive Board of the ECB, said that the ECB has developed an AI action plan to develop and deploy the necessary AI tools and infrastructure while fostering AI skills."],"time":[{"kind":"event","date":"2024-07-04","note":"Date the speech or remarks were delivered, as the text gives it."},{"kind":"event","date":"2024-07-04","note":"Date the speech or remarks were delivered, as the text gives it."},{"kind":"event","date":"2024-07-04","note":"Date the speech or remarks were delivered, as the text gives it."},{"kind":"event","date":"2024-07-04","note":"Date the speech or remarks were delivered, as the text gives it."}],"derivation":["explicit","explicit","explicit","explicit"],"resolution":["supported","supported","supported","supported"],"editorialState":["seed","seed","seed","seed"],"evidenceIds":[["evidence-am-u03-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank-1","evidence-am-u03-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank-2"],["evidence-am-u05-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank-1","evidence-am-u05-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank-2"],["evidence-am-u06-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank-1","evidence-am-u06-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank-2"],["evidence-am-u11-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank-1"]],"attributes":[{"thought":{"roles":["articulation"],"register":"nonfiction","voice":"official"}},{"thought":{"roles":["articulation"],"register":"nonfiction","voice":"official"}},{"thought":{"roles":["articulation"],"register":"nonfiction","voice":"official"}},{"thought":{"roles":["articulation"],"register":"nonfiction","voice":"official"}}]}},"sources":{"n":1,"fields":{"id":["source-am-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank"],"documentId":["ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank"],"title":["Artificial intelligence: a central bank’s view"],"authors":[["Piero Cipollone"]],"publisher":["European Central Bank"],"publicationDate":["2024-07-04"],"version":["Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-11-02 (SHA-256 41ecf70bdbf05f42c1fe0e5ed81f04e338cec2437f4b2c5eb80babb4a7ba29c8). Retrieved again at admission on 2026-11-06 (SHA-256 9cc5169abc6a12ec90cd86f4755bf8dc586748bc82e2e667d2e15db1f41677ea; web pages are served with new markup on each request). HTML speech page as served on 2026-11-02"],"evidenceUrl":["https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/key/date/2024/html/ecb.sp240704_1~e348c05894.en.html"],"language":["en"]}},"evidence":{"n":7,"fields":{"id":["evidence-am-u03-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank-1","evidence-am-u03-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank-2","evidence-am-u05-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank-1","evidence-am-u05-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank-2","evidence-am-u06-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank-1","evidence-am-u06-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank-2","evidence-am-u11-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank-1"],"claimId":["am-u03-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","am-u03-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","am-u05-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","am-u05-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","am-u06-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","am-u06-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","am-u11-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank"],"sourceId":["source-am-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","source-am-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","source-am-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","source-am-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","source-am-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","source-am-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank","source-am-ecb-2024-cipollone-ai-central-bank"],"sourceRole":["primary","primary","primary","primary"],"support":["supports","supports","supports","supports","supports","supports","supports"],"verification":["machine_checked","machine_checked","machine_checked","machine_checked","machine_checked","machine_checked","machine_checked"],"retrievalRoute":["direct","direct","direct","direct","direct","direct","direct"]},"held":{"sourceRole":[0,2,2,2]}}}}