{"entities":[{"id":"seger-open-sourcing-2023-09","name":"Open-Sourcing Highly Capable Foundation Models: An evaluation of risks, benefits, and alternative methods for pursuing open-source objectives","subtype":"Preprint","description":"arXiv v1 (submitted 29 September 2023). The arXiv abstract page for 2311.09227v1 and the PDF's own arXiv stamp both give 29 September 2023 as the v1 submission date, although the identifier was issued in the November 2023 series (`arxiv-2311-09227-abs`, `seger-2023`).","sourceIds":["source-ab-seger-2023","source-ab-arxiv-2311-09227-abs"]},{"id":"ab-prop-open-weights-bio-risk","name":"Public release of model weights increases biological misuse risk"},{"id":"arxiv","name":"arXiv"}],"claims":[{"id":"ab-arg-d6-seger-articulates","statement":"\"Open-Sourcing Highly Capable Foundation Models\" (arXiv v1, submitted 29 September 2023) states that for some highly capable foundation models likely to be developed in the near future, open-sourcing may pose sufficiently extreme risks to outweigh the benefits, and names access to biological weapons knowledge among the dangerous capabilities at issue.","derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","editorialState":"seed","evidenceIds":["evidence-ab-arg-d6-seger-articulates-1","evidence-ab-arg-d6-seger-articulates-2"],"attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["earliest-located"],"register":"nonfiction","qualifier":"Scoped by the authors to some highly capable models expected in the near future."}}}],"sources":[{"id":"source-ab-seger-2023","title":"Open-Sourcing Highly Capable Foundation Models: An evaluation of risks, benefits, and alternative methods for pursuing open-source objectives","authors":["arXiv (preprint, Elizabeth Seger and 21 other authors; Centre for the Governance of AI and others)"],"publisher":"arXiv (preprint, Elizabeth Seger and 21 other authors; Centre for the Governance of AI and others)","publicationDate":null,"version":"Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 (SHA-256 dc8784fd105170de8039888528167a17ba0df9da32aa8455bc423255f73cd9d8). arXiv v1, submitted 29 September 2023 (announced under identifier 2311.09227) Retrieved again at admission on 2026-10-30 (SHA-256 dc8784fd105170de8039888528167a17ba0df9da32aa8455bc423255f73cd9d8, the same bytes).","evidenceUrl":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2311.09227v1","language":"en"},{"id":"source-ab-arxiv-2311-09227-abs","title":"arXiv abstract page for 2311.09227v1 (submission history)","authors":["arXiv (Cornell University)"],"publisher":"arXiv (Cornell University)","publicationDate":null,"version":"Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-28 (SHA-256 672aaf53165f7e01b1f7064a7c5327733e38b4b2082562784787358b35b0354e). Abstract page as served on 2026-10-28; used only for the v1 submission date Its wording can change; earlier wording is not authenticated.","evidenceUrl":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.09227v1","language":"en"}],"evidence":[{"id":"evidence-ab-arg-d6-seger-articulates-1","sourceRole":"primary","support":"supports","verification":"machine_checked","retrievalRoute":"direct"},{"id":"evidence-ab-arg-d6-seger-articulates-2","support":"supports","verification":"machine_checked","retrievalRoute":"direct"}],"at":{"entities":[1249,1259,1261],"claims":[3419],"sources":[1067,1068],"evidence":[4713,4714]},"version":"1lg47t7"}