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Date of issue as the text gives it (the document date or date line), recorded as its date of publication as in earlier admissions; no signing event is shown."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-ch-cn-ga-ge-2023-items","subject":"cn-mofcom-gac-2023-23","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Gallium and germanium items not exportable without a licence"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-08-01","basis":"effective","note":"Date of effect, as the source gives it."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-ch-bis-acr-2023-3a090-thresholds","subject":"us-bis-acr-ifr-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Revised ECCN 3A090.a control parameters (total processing performance and performance density)"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-10-25","basis":"publication","note":"Provision effective 17 November 2023."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-ch-bis-acr-2023-published","subject":"us-bureau-of-industry-and-security","predicate":"published","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"us-bis-acr-ifr-2023"},"topic":"governance","statement":"The Bureau of Industry and Security published the interim final rule \"Implementation of Additional Export Controls: Certain Advanced Computing Items; Supercomputer and Semiconductor End Use; Updates and Corrections\" in the Federal Register of 25 October 2023, effective 17 November 2023, revising the advanced computing controls of 7 October 2022.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-10-25","basis":"publication","note":"Effective 17 November 2023 (one amendatory instruction effective to 1 January 2026); comments due 18 December 2023."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-fw-rsp-2023-asl2-bio-information-level","subject":"rsp-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"ASL-2 illustration: a system giving bioweapon-related information not findable via a search engine, but too unreliably to be useful"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-09-19","basis":"effective","note":"Provision as stated in this edition, dated by the edition’s effective date."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-fw-rsp-2023-asl3-redteam-cbrn-domains","subject":"rsp-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"ASL-3 deployment red-teaming must cover at least extreme CBRN risks and cybersecurity"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-09-19","basis":"effective","note":"Provision as stated in this edition, dated by the edition’s effective date."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-fw-rsp-2023-asl4-anticipated-misuse-level","subject":"rsp-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Early guess at ASL-4: AI models have become the primary source of national security risk in a major area, such as biological weapons"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-09-19","basis":"effective","note":"Provision as stated in this edition, dated by the edition’s effective date."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-fw-rsp-2023-bio-evaluation-first-area","subject":"rsp-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"First area of evaluation effort is bioweapons risk, with threat models and capabilities set in consultation with biosecurity experts"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-09-19","basis":"effective","note":"Provision as stated in this edition, dated by the edition’s effective date."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-fw-pf-beta-cbrn-category-definition","subject":"preparedness-beta-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"CBRN tracked risk category: risks related to model-assisted creation of chemical, biological, radiological and/or nuclear threats"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-12-18","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as stated in this edition, dated by the edition’s publication date."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-hr4702-introduced","subject":"us-house-of-representatives","predicate":"introduced","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"us-bill-hr-4702-118-introduced"},"topic":"governance","statement":"H.R. 4702 of the 118th Congress, the Securing Gene Synthesis Act, was introduced in the House of Representatives on 18 July 2023 by Representative Anna G. Eshoo, referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and referred to its Subcommittee on Health on 21 July 2023.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-07-18","note":"Introduction date in the official bill-status record; the referral to the Subcommittee on Health is dated 21 July 2023 and is the latest action the record lists. The date is the date of introduction; a status record carries no date basis, as the dataset’s own legislative status records do not."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-s2399-ai-risk-assessment","subject":"us-bill-s-2399-118-introduced","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Proposed duty on the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response to assess emerging risks of artificial intelligence"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-07-19","basis":"publication","note":"Provision of the bill as introduced, dated by the publication of the introduced print of 19 July 2023 (the dateline of the print and the date in its govinfo package metadata, with the official bill-status record cited below); introduction in the Senate is the event behind that date. The bill-status record lists no later text version."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-s2399-introduced","subject":"us-senate","predicate":"introduced","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"us-bill-s-2399-118-introduced"},"topic":"governance","statement":"S. 2399 of the 118th Congress, the Artificial Intelligence and Biosecurity Risk Assessment Act, was introduced in the Senate on 19 July 2023 by Senator Edward J. Markey, with Senator Ted Budd as an original cosponsor, and read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-07-19","note":"Introduction date in the official bill-status record and in the bill's own dateline. The status record as served on 28 October 2026 lists no later action than the referral of 19 July 2023. The date is the date of introduction; a status record carries no date basis, as the dataset’s own legislative status records do not."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-s2400-federal-purchase-restriction","subject":"us-bill-s-2400-118-introduced","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Proposed restriction on purchases by federal agencies and recipients of federal funds"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-07-19","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as the bill stood when introduced in the Senate on 19 July 2023. Dated by the publication of the bill as introduced (the print’s dateline and the govinfo package date), as the schema admits no `introduction` basis; the introduction itself is recorded by recorded separately."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-s2400-introduced","subject":"us-senate","predicate":"introduced","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"us-bill-s-2400-118-introduced"},"topic":"governance","statement":"S. 2400 of the 118th Congress, the Securing Gene Synthesis Act, was introduced in the Senate on 19 July 2023 by Senator Edward J. Markey and read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-07-19","note":"Date of introduction in the Senate, from the official bill-status record and the bill's own dateline; the record carries no basis, as the dataset's own legislative status records do not. The status record lists one text version, as introduced, and no action later than the referral of 19 July 2023, but it carries the generation stamp 2025-12-05, so that absence of later action is bounded by that stamp and not by a fresh congressional check on the check date."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-s2400-screening-regulation","subject":"us-bill-s-2400-118-introduced","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Proposed duty on the Secretary of Health and Human Services to require screening protocols by regulation"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-07-19","basis":"publication","note":"Provision of the bill as introduced, dated by the publication of the introduced print of 19 July 2023 (the dateline of the print and the date in its govinfo package metadata); introduction in the Senate is the event behind that date. The bill-status record lists no later text version."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-hhs-2023-benchtop-manufacturers","subject":"us-hhs-synthetic-nucleic-acids-guidance-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Recommended actions for manufacturers of benchtop nucleic acid synthesis equipment"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-10-13","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as the 2023 expression states it, dated by its publication. The 2010 guidance addressed providers of synthetic double-stranded DNA and not equipment manufacturers."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-hhs-2023-provider-screening","subject":"us-hhs-synthetic-nucleic-acids-guidance-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Recommended provider actions on receiving an order: sequence screening, customer identity verification and follow-up"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-10-13","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as the 2023 expression states it, dated by its publication."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-hhs-2023-published","subject":"us-aspr","predicate":"published","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"us-hhs-synthetic-nucleic-acids-guidance-2023"},"topic":"governance","statement":"The Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response published the Screening Framework Guidance for Providers and Users of Synthetic Nucleic Acids in the Federal Register of 13 October 2023, stating that it sets out baseline standards for the gene and genome synthesis industry and best practices for all entities involved in the provision, use and transfer of synthetic nucleic acids.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-10-13","basis":"publication","note":"Federal Register issue of 13 October 2023 (88 FR 70998). The notice states no separate effective date."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-hhs-2023-refuse-and-report","subject":"us-hhs-synthetic-nucleic-acids-guidance-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Recommended action where concerns are not resolved: do not fulfil the order and contact designated government entities"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-10-13","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as the 2023 expression states it, dated by its publication."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-hhs-2023-scope","subject":"us-hhs-synthetic-nucleic-acids-guidance-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Scope: all types of synthetic nucleic acids, and the categories of entity addressed"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-10-13","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as the 2023 expression states it, dated by its publication."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-hhs-2023-supersedes-2010","subject":"us-hhs-synthetic-nucleic-acids-guidance-2023","predicate":"supersedes_document","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"us-hhs-synthetic-dsdna-guidance-2010"},"topic":"governance","statement":"The 2023 Screening Framework Guidance for Providers and Users of Synthetic Nucleic Acids states that advances in the field motivated the United States Government to review and revise the 2010 Screening Framework Guidance for Providers of Synthetic Double-Stranded DNA, and cites the 2010 guidance at 75 FR 62820.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-10-13","basis":"publication","note":"Dated by the publication of the revising expression."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-eo14110-sec44b-ostp-framework","subject":"us-eo-14110-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Direction to the Director of OSTP to establish a nucleic acid synthesis procurement screening framework within 180 days (Sec. 4.4(b)(i))"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-11-01","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as the edition states it, dated by the Federal Register publication of 1 November 2023; the order is signed 30 October 2023. Executive Order 14110 was revoked by Executive Order 14148 of 20 January 2025."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-eo14110-sec44bii-nist-engagement","subject":"us-eo-14110-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Direction to Commerce, through NIST, to develop screening specifications and conformity-assessment practices with industry (Sec. 4.4(b)(ii))"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-11-01","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as the edition states it, dated by the Federal Register publication of 1 November 2023; signed 30 October 2023. The order was revoked on 20 January 2025."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-eo14110-sec44biii-funding-requirement","subject":"us-eo-14110-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Direction to agencies that fund life-sciences research to make adherence to the framework a requirement of funding (Sec. 4.4(b)(iii))"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-11-01","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as the edition states it, dated by the Federal Register publication of 1 November 2023; signed 30 October 2023. The order was revoked on 20 January 2025."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-gov-uk-bss-2023-ai-convergence","subject":"uk-biological-security-strategy-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Risk framing: convergence of bioscience with machine learning and AI as a new cyberbiosecurity risk"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-06-12","basis":"publication","note":"Dated by the strategy's publication on GOV.UK."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-gov-us-eo14110-sec42ai-bio-redteam","subject":"us-eo-14110-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Interim content of the reported red-team results: biological weapons barrier to entry (Sec. 4.2(a)(i)(C))"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-11-01","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as the text states it, dated by its date of publication, 1 November 2023. Signed on 30 October 2023 (heading and signature line); published in the Federal Register of 1 November 2023. Revoked by Executive Order 14148, signed on 20 January 2025."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-gov-us-eo14110-sec44-purpose","subject":"us-eo-14110-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Purpose of the section on AI and CBRN threats, with a particular focus on biological weapons (Sec. 4.4(a))"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-11-01","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as the text states it, dated by its date of publication, 1 November 2023. Signed on 30 October 2023 (heading and signature line); published in the Federal Register of 1 November 2023. Revoked by Executive Order 14148, signed on 20 January 2025."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-gov-us-eo14110-sec44ai-dhs-evaluation","subject":"us-eo-14110-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Evaluation of the potential for AI to be misused to enable CBRN threats, within 180 days (Sec. 4.4(a)(i))"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-11-01","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as the text states it, dated by its date of publication, 1 November 2023. Signed on 30 October 2023 (heading and signature line); published in the Federal Register of 1 November 2023. Revoked by Executive Order 14148, signed on 20 January 2025."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-gov-us-eo14110-sec44aii-academies-study","subject":"us-eo-14110-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Contracted National Academies study on AI and biosecurity risks (Sec. 4.4(a)(ii))"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-11-01","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as the text states it, dated by its date of publication, 1 November 2023. Signed on 30 October 2023 (heading and signature line); published in the Federal Register of 1 November 2023. Revoked by Executive Order 14148, signed on 20 January 2025."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-gov-us-eo14110-sec41b-doe-tools","subject":"us-eo-14110-2023","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Department of Energy evaluation tools for biological and other threat outputs, and model guardrails (Sec. 4.1(b))"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2023-11-01","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as the edition states it, dated by the Federal Register publication of 1 November 2023, which is the publication date the document version carries; the order is signed 30 October 2023 and the directive runs 270 days from the date of the order. The dataset's own provision records of this order (for example recorded separately) are dated the same way."},"resolution":"supported"}],"sources":[],"evidence":[],"at":{"entities":[0,1,2,4,5,7,13,15,21,39,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,53,54,67,119,124,143,157,163,179,208,214,216,217,218,225,226,227,228,229,230,232,233,235,236,237,238,239,240,241,250,251,502,503,681,695,714,751,807,831,838,1018,1019,1025,1026,1038,1064,1065,1081,1085,1106,1208,1212,1213,1215,1216,1217,1225,1228,1229],"claims":[16,69,272,281,282,283,310,311,352,389,399,400,401,402,446,447,448,449,450,516,523,524,525,560,561,631,634,635,636,637,638,639,659,660,663,671,672,673,674,675,676,677,678,679,680,681,682,683,684,685,686,687,688,689,690,691,692,693,694,695,1238,1239,1240,1639,1649,1661,1662,1663,1664,1666,1667,1670,2042,2043,2044,2045,2046,2047,2120,2121,2122,2123,2124,2125,2482,2483,2484,2485,2486,2487,2488,2489,2490,2491,2492,2636,2637,2638,2639,2640,2641,2642,2643,2644,2645,2646,2895,2896,2897,2898,2899,2900,2901,2902,2903,2921,2929,2930,2931,2932,2933,2934,2935,2936,2937,2938,2939,2940,2941,2942,2943,2969,2970,2971,2972,2973,3024,3055,3056,3063,3064,3246,3247,3248,3249,3250,3287,3288,3289,3290,3291,3292,3293,3294,3295,3296,3297,3298,3299,3300,3301,3324,3325,3326,3327,3328,3329],"sources":[],"evidence":[]},"version":"1lg47t7"}