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The PDF has no separate version date."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"commitment":{"link":"designated_under"}}},{"id":"sb-link-rsp-v3-0","subject":"rsp-v3-0","predicate":"references_commitment","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"california-sb-53"},"topic":"governance","statement":"Anthropic's Responsible Scaling Policy v3.0 says it uses 'catastrophic risk' in its plain meaning rather than adopting any specific statutory definition. It adds that where laws such as California SB 53 define this or similar terms with specific thresholds, Anthropic addresses those requirements in separate compliance frameworks.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-02-24","basis":"effective","note":"Effective date printed on the cover of RSP v3.0 ('Effective February 24, 2026'). 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It also lists, among the cases in which it will not consider an update of a Model Report necessary, a model considered similarly safe or safer under Appendix 2.2 of the Code of Practice.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-05-28","basis":"publication","note":"The edition’s publication date, given by OpenAI’s release announcement; the framework PDF itself carries no date."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"commitment":{"scope":"as the publicly available summary of its Safety & Security Framework","link":"designated_under"}}},{"id":"cm-link-ms-fgf-2026-eu-code","subject":"ms-fgf-2026","predicate":"references_commitment","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"gpai-code-of-practice-2025"},"topic":"governance","statement":"Microsoft’s Frontier Governance Framework (February 2026) describes itself in its change log as a one-year update following finalisation of the EU Code of Practice for General Purpose AI, the New York RAISE Act and California’s Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-02","basis":"revision","note":"The edition’s revision month."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"commitment":{"link":"responds_to"}}},{"id":"cm-link-faif-2026-eu-code","subject":"faif-2026","predicate":"references_commitment","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"gpai-code-of-practice-2025"},"topic":"governance","statement":"xAI’s Frontier Artificial Intelligence Framework (effective 30 June 2026) attaches a footnote to its statement of four primary risk domains saying that it follows the Safety and Security chapter of the General-Purpose AI Code of Practice developed under the EU AI Act.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-06-30","basis":"effective","note":"The edition’s stated effective date."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"commitment":{"scope":"Safety and Security chapter, for its four primary risk domains","link":"names"}}},{"id":"yk-y03-lw-2026-the-talker-does-not-control-the-c","subject":"lw-2026-the-talker-does-not-control-the","predicate":"contests_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"understanding-implies-compliance"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"The post “The Talker Does Not Control The Doer (in Current AIs)” (2026-09-13) contests Y03. Reporting his use of 2026 commercial models, he describes the part of a model that converses as recognising what he wanted while the code-writing behaviour continued unchanged.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-09-13","basis":"publication","note":"LessWrong postedAt."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting","later-restatement"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that if an AI understands what we intend, it will act on that understanding."}}}},{"id":"yk-y05-lw-2026-the-talker-does-not-control-the-c","subject":"lw-2026-the-talker-does-not-control-the","predicate":"contests_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"feedback-instils-values"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"The post “The Talker Does Not Control The Doer (in Current AIs)” (2026-09-13) contests Y05. Explaining 2026 incidents, he argues that reinforcement learning with imperfect evaluators instils a goal of scoring well, including by deceiving the evaluator, rather than the values the evaluation was meant to reward.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-09-13","basis":"publication","note":"LessWrong postedAt."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting","later-restatement"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that optimising a system for human approval or reward produces internalised human values."}}}},{"id":"yk-y07-lw-2026-cat-belling-problems-c","subject":"lw-2026-cat-belling-problems","predicate":"contests_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"ai-solves-alignment"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"The post “Cat-Belling Problems” (2026-09-03) contests Y07. After setting out plans to build more capable AIs first and then use them to align AI, with no publicly scrutinised way to check whether the earlier AI's answers are honest or correct, he compares the unexamined step to a perpetual-motion design that hides its impossible part in the unbuilt half.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-09-03","basis":"publication","note":"LessWrong postedAt."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting","later-restatement"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that we can verify its alignment output."}}}},{"id":"yk-y12-lw-2026-irretrievability-or-murphys-curse-of-oneshotness-c","subject":"lw-2026-irretrievability-or-murphys-curse-of-oneshotness","predicate":"contests_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"evaluations-catch-danger"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"The post “Irretrievability; or, Murphy's Curse of Oneshotness upon ASI” (2026-05-04) contests Y12. Answers the objection that experience with smaller AIs can inform alignment of superintelligence. Argues that conditions change between safe experiments and a situation in which the system could kill everyone, as they do between small and large trusts.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-05-04","basis":"publication","note":"LessWrong postedAt."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that tests on systems that cannot yet cause a catastrophe show how more capable systems will behave."}}}},{"id":"yk-y14-lw-2026-irretrievability-or-murphys-curse-of-oneshotness-c","subject":"lw-2026-irretrievability-or-murphys-curse-of-oneshotness","predicate":"contests_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"fix-problems-as-they-arise"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"The post “Irretrievability; or, Murphy's Curse of Oneshotness upon ASI” (2026-05-04) contests Y14. Answers the objection that alignment can be learned by building smaller AIs and observing them. The post uses space probes and the Maginot Line to argue that projects without a cheap second attempt fail under conditions their tests did not reproduce.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-05-04","basis":"publication","note":"LessWrong postedAt."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting","later-restatement"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that we get to learn from failures with powerful AI and try again, as with other technologies."}}}},{"id":"yk-y17-lw-2026-only-law-can-prevent-extinction-c","subject":"lw-2026-only-law-can-prevent-extinction","predicate":"contests_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"pause-or-regulation-suffices"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"The post “Only Law Can Prevent Extinction” (2026-04-13) contests Y17. Replying to a proposed national ban on new datacenters, he argues that a superintelligence built in another country is equally dangerous, so a ban must be universal.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-04-13","basis":"publication","note":"LessWrong postedAt."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting","later-restatement"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that regulation that is national, partial or not universally enforced can stop dangerous development."}}}},{"id":"yk-y17-lw-2026-only-law-can-prevent-extinction-b","subject":"lw-2026-only-law-can-prevent-extinction","predicate":"bears_on_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"pause-or-regulation-suffices"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"The post “Only Law Can Prevent Extinction” (2026-04-13) bears on Y17. Arguing against calls for unlawful action, he says that only lawful, state-backed and universal force could stop superintelligence from being built.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-04-13","basis":"publication","note":"LessWrong postedAt."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["context"],"register":"nonfiction","missing":"It says that only lawful, state-backed and universal force could stop superintelligence being built; it does not claim that some regulation will handle the risk."}}},{"id":"yk-y27-lw-2026-irretrievability-or-murphys-curse-of-oneshotness-c","subject":"lw-2026-irretrievability-or-murphys-curse-of-oneshotness","predicate":"contests_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"experiment-and-see"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"The post “Irretrievability; or, Murphy's Curse of Oneshotness upon ASI” (2026-05-04) contests Y27. Answering the objection that experience with earlier AIs can inform models of superintelligence, he argues that the jump to superintelligence capable of killing us changes conditions far more than lab tests differ from real use, and that the lethal case cannot be tested safely.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-05-04","basis":"publication","note":"LessWrong postedAt."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting","later-restatement"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that results from safe experiments on weaker systems will carry over to dangerous ones."}}}},{"id":"yk-y29-lw-2026-irretrievability-or-murphys-curse-of-oneshotness-c","subject":"lw-2026-irretrievability-or-murphys-curse-of-oneshotness","predicate":"contests_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"many-ais-balance"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"The post “Irretrievability; or, Murphy's Curse of Oneshotness upon ASI” (2026-05-04) contests Y29. Answering the proposal that other ASIs would stop a rogue one to preserve a law-abiding equilibrium, he argues that negotiating ASIs would reach an arrangement that gives no weight to sparing Earth.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-05-04","basis":"publication","note":"LessWrong postedAt."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting","later-restatement"],"register":"nonfiction","engagement":{"kind":"engages-premise","rationale":"Under the message-level rule, the passage, read with the paragraph, message or dialogue turn it belongs to, gives a reason against the premise that multiple superintelligences will balance each other in humans’ favour."}}}},{"id":"aia-art113-general-date","subject":"eu-ai-act-2024","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"General date of application: 2 August 2026"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-08-02","basis":"effective","note":"The general date of application that Article 113, second paragraph, states. 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The Vademecum states that the Taskforce, established by consensus of the Code’s signatories and agreed by the AI Office, is chaired by the AI Office, and lists input on guidance documents produced by the AI Office among its objectives.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-01","basis":"publication","note":"The date printed on the Vademecum (month precision). When the Commission first posted it was not established."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"eudraft-proceedings-published","subject":"european-commission","predicate":"published","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"eu-draft-implementing-regulation-gpai-proceedings-2026"},"topic":"governance","statement":"On 12 March 2026 the Commission published for feedback a draft implementing regulation on detailed arrangements for evaluations of general-purpose AI models and for proceedings that may lead to fines on their providers, under Articles 92(6) and 101(6) of the AI Act. 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The edition predates Chapter 96 of 2026 (signed 27 March 2026), so it refers to the Act as signed in December 2025."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"commitment":{"link":"responds_to"}}},{"id":"fl-link-rsp-v3-1-sb53","subject":"rsp-v3-1","predicate":"references_commitment","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"california-sb-53"},"topic":"governance","statement":"Anthropic’s Responsible Scaling Policy v3.1 keeps the footnote saying that where laws such as California SB 53 define “catastrophic risk” or similar terms with specific thresholds, Anthropic addresses those requirements in separate compliance frameworks.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-04-02","basis":"effective","note":"The edition’s stated effective date."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"commitment":{"link":"names"}}},{"id":"fl-link-rsp-v3-2-sb53","subject":"rsp-v3-2","predicate":"references_commitment","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"california-sb-53"},"topic":"governance","statement":"Anthropic’s Responsible Scaling Policy v3.2 keeps the footnote saying that where laws such as California SB 53 define “catastrophic risk” or similar terms with specific thresholds, Anthropic addresses those requirements in separate compliance frameworks.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-04-29","basis":"effective","note":"The edition’s stated effective date."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"commitment":{"link":"names"}}},{"id":"fl-link-rsp-v3-3-sb53","subject":"rsp-v3-3","predicate":"references_commitment","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"california-sb-53"},"topic":"governance","statement":"Anthropic’s Responsible Scaling Policy v3.3 keeps the footnote saying that where laws such as California SB 53 define “catastrophic risk” or similar terms with specific thresholds, Anthropic addresses those requirements in separate compliance frameworks.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-05-26","basis":"effective","note":"The edition’s stated effective date."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"commitment":{"link":"names"}}},{"id":"fl-link-fgf-2026-eu-ai-act","subject":"frontier-governance-2026","predicate":"references_commitment","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"eu-ai-act-2024"},"topic":"governance","statement":"OpenAI’s Frontier Governance Framework (May 2026 edition) states that it covers frontier models as defined under California’s TFAIA and general-purpose models with systemic risk under the EU AI Act.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-05-28","basis":"publication","note":"Dated by OpenAI's release announcement, which gives the publication date 28 May 2026. 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Date of issue as the text gives it (the document date or date line), recorded as its date of publication as in earlier admissions; no signing event is shown."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-pw-us-proc11014-ratepayer-pledge","subject":"us-proc-11014-2026","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Ratepayer Protection Pledge: companies to build, bring or buy new generation and pay for delivery upgrades for their data centres"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-03-09","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as the text states it, dated by its date of publication, 2026-03-09. 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The rule cites the 13 May 2025 guidance by the address of BIS's press release announcing the rescission of the AI diffusion rule."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-ch-bis-uae-2026-published","subject":"us-bureau-of-industry-and-security","predicate":"published","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"us-bis-uae-rule-2026"},"topic":"governance","statement":"The Bureau of Industry and Security published the final rule \"Enhanced Favorable Treatment for the United Arab Emirates Under the Export Administration Regulations\" in the Federal Register of 14 July 2026, effective 10 July 2026.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-07-14","basis":"publication","note":"Effective 10 July 2026, before publication."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-orb-oc1-spacex-2026","subject":"spacex-xai-update-2026","predicate":"articulates_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"oc1-orbital-solar-supply"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"SpaceX's update of 2 February 2026 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FCC comment (March 2026) argues that launching about a million tons a year, as SpaceX considers, would deposit a million tons of fuel a year in the stratosphere and mesosphere with significant environmental consequences.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-03-03","basis":"publication","note":"Date of publication, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["contesting"],"register":"nonfiction"}}},{"id":"cpo-orb-oc6-turyshev-2026","subject":"turyshev-odc-2026","predicate":"articulates_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"oc6-heat-rejection-limit"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"Turyshev's preprint (April 2026) treats radiator area as part of its base-case mass model, with about 2,500 m2 of radiator for 1 MW of IT power, and concludes that general compute for terrestrial users closes only when several conditions hold together.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-04-29","basis":"publication","note":"Date of 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of 10-40 thousand dollars per kW allows only 250-1,000 $/kg for launch plus build, 3.4-13.5 times below the current public Falcon 9 dedicated launch price alone.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-04-29","basis":"publication","note":"Date of publication, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"thought":{"roles":["articulation"],"register":"nonfiction"}}},{"id":"cpo-orb-oc9-cavalier-2026","subject":"cavalier-spectrum-2026","predicate":"articulates_proposition","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"oc9-launch-cost-too-high"},"topic":"ideas","statement":"Cavalier's IEEE Spectrum article (June 2026) reports an ABI Research estimate that launching and running a GPU in space for a year costs at least an order of magnitude more than on Earth, even assuming $44/kg Starship launch.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-06-11","basis":"publication","note":"Date of publication, as the source gives 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the call closed on 20 June 2025."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-dc-meta-prometheus-2026","subject":"meta","predicate":"plans_capacity","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"meta-prometheus"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Mark Zuckerberg said on the same call that the Prometheus cluster was \"coming online next year\" and that Meta thought it would be \"the world's first 1GW+ cluster\".","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2025-07-30","basis":"publication","note":"Date of publication, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionType":"compute_capacity","relationshipContext":"external","transactionStage":"planned","quantity":{"value":1,"unit":"GW (as worded: \"1GW+ cluster\")","bound":"more_than","measures":"not_stated"},"statedDates":[{"kind":"target_operation","date":"2026","statedBy":"meta"}]}},{"id":"cpo-dc-meta-richland-50bn-2026","subject":"meta","predicate":"plans_infrastructure_spend","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"meta-richland-parish"},"topic":"capital","statement":"Meta stated on 13 July 2026 that the Richland Parish expansion \"represents an investment of more than $50 billion\" in the region.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-07-13","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionType":"infrastructure_spend","relationshipContext":"external","transactionStage":"planned","amount":{"value":50000000000,"currency":"USD","bound":"more_than","scope":"project","scopeNote":"Richland Parish expansion, as stated"}}},{"id":"cpo-dc-fairwater-wi-operational","subject":"fairwater-wisconsin","predicate":"status_stated","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"first facility construction completed; 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the UK government's release of the next day said the first phase \"will see OpenAI take up to 8,000 GPUs\".","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2025-09-16","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionType":"compute_capacity","relationshipContext":"external","transactionStage":"planned","quantity":{"value":8000,"unit":"GPUs (as worded: \"up to 8,000 NVIDIA GPUs\")","bound":"up_to","measures":"chips"},"statedDates":[{"kind":"delivery_target","date":"2026","wording":"Q1 2026","statedBy":"nscale"}]}},{"id":"cpo-dc-stargate-uae-construction-2025","subject":"stargate-uae","predicate":"status_stated","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"under construction (first 200MW); planned delivery 2026"},"topic":"compute","statement":"G42 stated on 16 October 2025 that construction of the first 200MW of Stargate UAE, developed by its company Khazna Data Centers, was well underway toward a planned 2026 delivery.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2025-10-16","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"statedDates":[{"kind":"delivery_target","date":"2026","statedBy":"g42"}]}},{"id":"cpo-dc-stargate-lordstown-construction","subject":"stargate-lordstown","predicate":"status_stated","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"ground broken; stated to be on track to be operational in 2026"},"topic":"compute","statement":"The September 2025 release stated that SoftBank had broken ground at the Lordstown, Ohio site, which it said was on track to be operational the following year.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2025-09-23","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"statedDates":[{"kind":"target_operation","date":"2026","statedBy":"softbank-group"}]}},{"id":"cpo-dc-stargate-saline-announced","subject":"related-digital","predicate":"announced_site","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"stargate-saline-township"},"topic":"compute","statement":"OpenAI, Oracle and Related Digital announced on 30 October 2025 plans to develop a data center campus with more than a gigawatt of capacity in Saline Township, Michigan, as part of the OpenAI–Oracle 4.5 GW partnership.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2025-10-30","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionStage":"announced","quantity":{"value":1,"unit":"GW (as worded: \"more than a gigawatt of capacity\")","bound":"more_than","measures":"not_stated"},"statedDates":[{"kind":"construction_start_target","date":"2026","wording":"early 2026","statedBy":"related-digital","note":"\"early 2026\", a target; recorded as a planned start, not a stated start."}]}},{"id":"cpo-dc-uk-aigz-five-designated","subject":"dsit","predicate":"status_stated","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"5 AI Growth Zones designated, including 2 in Wales and 1 in Scotland"},"topic":"compute","statement":"The UK government's January 2026 progress update stated that it had designated 5 AI Growth Zones across Great Britain, including 2 in Wales and one in Scotland, generating £28.2 billion in investment.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-01-29","basis":"publication","note":"Date of publication, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-dc-xai-colossus-2gw-stated","subject":"xai","predicate":"plans_capacity","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"xAI Colossus training compute (aggregate, as stated)"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Elon Musk was quoted in the Mississippi release as saying MACROHARDRR \"pushes our Colossus training compute to ~2GW\"; the release also says the Southaven data center will increase the company's computing power to nearly 2 gigawatts.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-01-08","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionType":"compute_capacity","relationshipContext":"external","transactionStage":"planned","quantity":{"value":2,"unit":"GW (as worded: \"~2GW\" / \"nearly 2 gigawatts\")","bound":"approximate","measures":"not_stated"}}},{"id":"cpo-dc-xai-southaven-20bn","subject":"xai","predicate":"plans_infrastructure_spend","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"xai-macrohardrr"},"topic":"capital","statement":"The Mississippi governor's office stated that the Southaven project will represent a corporate investment exceeding $20 billion.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-01-08","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionType":"infrastructure_spend","relationshipContext":"external","transactionStage":"planned","amount":{"value":20000000000,"currency":"USD","bound":"more_than","scope":"project","scopeNote":"Southaven project, as stated"}}},{"id":"cpo-dc-xai-southaven-announced","subject":"xai","predicate":"announced_site","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"xai-macrohardrr"},"topic":"compute","statement":"The Mississippi governor's office announced on 8 January 2026 that xAI is locating a data center, MACROHARDRR, in Southaven, in a building xAI has purchased and is retrofitting, with operations expected to begin in February 2026.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-01-08","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionStage":"announced","statedDates":[{"kind":"target_operation","date":"2026-02","statedBy":"xai","note":"as reported by the governor's office (\"The company expects\")"}]}},{"id":"cpo-pw-amazon-constellation-calvert","subject":"amazon","predicate":"power_agreement","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"constellation-energy"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Constellation and Amazon announced on 30 September 2026 a 20-year agreement covering 690 MW of power from the Calvert Cliffs plant in Maryland, including an uprate of approximately 190 MW expected online between 2030 and 2032, with a related retail supply agreement for Amazon operations in PJM.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-09-30","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionStage":"contracted","quantity":{"value":690,"unit":"megawatts of power, including a 190 MW uprate (as worded)","bound":"exact","measures":"contracted_energy"},"statedDates":[{"kind":"target_operation","wording":"2030–2032, uprate","statedBy":"constellation-energy"}],"power":{"technology":"nuclear","mechanism":"ppa"},"term":"20 years"}},{"id":"cpo-pw-amazon-xenergy-aep-indiana","subject":"amazon","predicate":"power_agreement","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"american-electric-power"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Amazon announced on 19 October 2026 that it, X-energy and AEP had signed an agreement to explore deploying twelve Xe-100 small modular reactors in Indiana, adding 960 MW to serve the regional grid and Amazon's data centers, with Amazon serving as project development funder and stated to be the first customer to purchase power from the plant once operational.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-10-19","basis":"announcement","note":"Date from the page's article:published_time metadata (2026-10-19); the page text shows no date."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionStage":"announced","quantity":{"value":960,"unit":"megawatts (MW)","bound":"exact","measures":"generation_capacity"},"statedDates":[{"kind":"target_operation","date":"2039","wording":"collaboration target, >5 GW","statedBy":"amazon"}],"power":{"technology":"nuclear","mechanism":"smr_development"},"stageWording":"signed an agreement to explore"}},{"id":"cpo-pw-crane-nrc-fuel-amendment","subject":"us-nrc","predicate":"regulator_decision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Approval of a fuel licence amendment request for the Crane Clean Energy Center"},"topic":"governance","statement":"Constellation stated on 6 August 2026 that the NRC had approved a fuel licence amendment request for the Crane Clean Energy Center, and that it was moving closer to restarting operations in 2027.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-08-06","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of Constellation's statement; the date of the NRC action is not given in the release."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"statedDates":[{"kind":"target_operation","date":"2027","statedBy":"constellation-energy"}],"power":{"technology":"nuclear","mechanism":"restart"}}},{"id":"cpo-pw-eu-ai-energy-roadmap","subject":"european-commission","predicate":"announced_plan","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Strategic Roadmap for Digitalisation and AI in the Energy Sector (tech sovereignty package)"},"topic":"compute","statement":"The Commission announced on 3 June 2026, as part of its tech sovereignty package, a Strategic Roadmap for Digitalisation and AI in the Energy Sector, stating that growth of digital infrastructure is expected to increase electricity demand and that the roadmap will ensure data centres are integrated into the energy system in a sustainable and transparent manner.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-06-03","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-pw-google-constellation-2700mw-supply","subject":"google","predicate":"power_agreement","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"constellation-energy"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Constellation stated on 6 October 2026 that it and Google had also entered into a 15-year energy supply agreement for an additional 2,700 MW from Constellation's fleet in PJM.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-10-06","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionStage":"contracted","quantity":{"value":2700,"unit":"MWs (as worded)","bound":"exact"},"power":{"technology":"nuclear","mechanism":"supply"},"term":"15 years"}},{"id":"cpo-pw-google-constellation-890mw","subject":"google","predicate":"power_agreement","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"constellation-energy"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Google and Constellation announced on 6 October 2026 a 20-year power purchase agreement to bring 890 MW of new nuclear capacity onto the PJM grid through uprates at 11 Constellation-owned units in Illinois, Pennsylvania and New Jersey, with the first uprate expected by 2028.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-10-06","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionStage":"contracted","quantity":{"value":890,"unit":"megawatts (MW) of new nuclear capacity","bound":"exact","measures":"generation_capacity"},"statedDates":[{"kind":"delivery_target","date":"2028","wording":"first uprate","statedBy":"constellation-energy"}],"power":{"technology":"nuclear","mechanism":"ppa"},"term":"20 years"}},{"id":"cpo-pw-meta-oklo","subject":"meta","predicate":"power_agreement","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"oklo"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Meta announced on 9 January 2026 a partnership with Oklo supporting an advanced nuclear campus in Pike County, Ohio, which may come online as early as 2030 and add up to 1.2 GW to the PJM market, with Meta's funding supporting early procurement and development.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-01-09","basis":"announcement","note":"Stated by Meta; Oklo's release was not retrieved."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionStage":"committed","quantity":{"value":1.2,"unit":"GW of clean baseload power (as worded: 'up to 1.2 GW')","bound":"up_to","measures":"generation_capacity"},"statedDates":[{"kind":"target_operation","date":"2030","wording":"as early as 2030","statedBy":"meta"}],"power":{"technology":"nuclear","mechanism":"smr_development"}}},{"id":"cpo-pw-meta-terrapower","subject":"meta","predicate":"power_agreement","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"terrapower"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Meta announced on 9 January 2026 an agreement providing funding for the development of two TerraPower Natrium units of up to 690 MW with delivery as early as 2032, and rights to energy from up to six further units of 2.1 GW targeted for delivery by 2035.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-01-09","basis":"announcement","note":"Stated by Meta; TerraPower's release was not retrieved."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionStage":"committed","quantity":{"value":690,"unit":"MW (as worded: 'up to 690 MW of firm power'); options on a further 2.1 GW","bound":"up_to","measures":"generation_capacity"},"statedDates":[{"kind":"delivery_target","date":"2032","wording":"as early as 2032","statedBy":"meta"},{"kind":"delivery_target","date":"2035","wording":"by 2035","statedBy":"meta"}],"power":{"technology":"nuclear","mechanism":"smr_development"}}},{"id":"cpo-pw-meta-vistra","subject":"meta","predicate":"power_agreement","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"vistra"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Meta announced on 9 January 2026 20-year nuclear energy agreements to purchase more than 2.1 GW from Vistra's Perry and Davis-Besse plants in Ohio and energy from uprates at those plants and Beaver Valley in Pennsylvania, the uprates totalling 433 MW expected in the early 2030s.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-01-09","basis":"announcement","note":"Stated by Meta; Vistra's release was not retrieved."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionStage":"contracted","quantity":{"value":2.1,"unit":"GW of energy (as worded: 'more than 2.1 GW'), plus uprates totalling 433 MW","bound":"more_than","measures":"contracted_energy"},"statedDates":[{"kind":"target_operation","wording":"early 2030s, uprates","statedBy":"meta"}],"power":{"technology":"nuclear","mechanism":"ppa"},"term":"20 years"}},{"id":"cpo-pw-doe-403-large-loads","subject":"us-doe","predicate":"published","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"us-doe-403-large-loads-2025"},"topic":"governance","statement":"In a letter of 23 October 2025, citing his authority under section 403 of the DOE Organization Act, the Secretary of Energy directed FERC to initiate rulemaking and attached for its consideration an advance notice of proposed rulemaking on interconnecting large loads, including AI data centres, to the transmission system, asking for final action no later than 30 April 2026.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2025-10-23","basis":"signature","note":"Date of signature, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"statedDates":[{"kind":"deadline","date":"2026-04-30","statedBy":"us-doe"}]}},{"id":"cpo-pw-nnsa-amentum-srs","subject":"us-nnsa","predicate":"government_award","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"amentum"},"topic":"capital","statement":"NNSA announced on 20 July 2026 the selection of Amentum to enter negotiations for a phased lease to develop an AI data centre with dedicated on-site energy generation at the Savannah River Site, a project of a 1 GW data centre and about 2 GW of generation from natural gas bridging to nuclear.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-07-20","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionStage":"announced","quantity":{"value":2,"unit":"gigawatts of on-site energy generation (as worded: 'approximately 2-gigawatts'); data centre 1 gigawatt","bound":"approximate","measures":"generation_capacity"},"power":{"technology":"mixed","mechanism":"onsite_generation"},"stageWording":"selected to enter lease negotiations (as stated)"}},{"id":"cpo-ch-huawei-ascend-roadmap","subject":"huawei","predicate":"announced_plan","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Ascend 950, 960 and 970 chip series"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Eric Xu stated, in Huawei’s published keynote transcript, at Huawei Connect on 18 September 2025 that over the next three years Huawei would work on three new Ascend chip series (950, 960 and 970), with the Ascend 950PR to be available in the first quarter of 2026, the 950DT in the fourth quarter of 2026, the 960 in the fourth quarter of 2027 and the 970 planned for the fourth quarter of 2028.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2025-09-18","basis":"announcement","note":"Date line of the keynote transcript."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"statedDates":[{"kind":"launch_target","date":"2026","wording":"Q1 2026","statedBy":"huawei","note":"Ascend 950PR"},{"kind":"launch_target","date":"2026","wording":"Q4 2026","statedBy":"huawei","note":"Ascend 950DT"},{"kind":"launch_target","date":"2027","wording":"Q4 2027","statedBy":"huawei","note":"Ascend 960"},{"kind":"launch_target","date":"2028","wording":"Q4 2028","statedBy":"huawei","note":"Ascend 970"}]}},{"id":"cpo-ch-humain-amd","subject":"humain","predicate":"supply_agreement","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"amd"},"topic":"compute","statement":"AMD and HUMAIN announced on 13 May 2025 an agreement under which the parties will invest up to $10 billion to deploy 500 megawatts of AI compute capacity over five years, with HUMAIN delivering the data-centre, power and fibre infrastructure and AMD providing its AI compute portfolio and ROCm software.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2025-05-13","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionStage":"announced","amount":{"value":10000000000,"currency":"USD","bound":"up_to","scope":"programme","scopeNote":"both parties together"},"quantity":{"value":500,"unit":"MW (as worded: '500 megawatts of AI compute capacity'; the subheading says 'up to 500 megawatts of AI infrastructure')","bound":"exact","measures":"not_stated"},"statedDates":[{"kind":"target_operation","date":"2026","wording":"early 2026","statedBy":"amd","note":"multi-exaflop capacity; stated in the joint AMD–HUMAIN release"}]}},{"id":"cpo-ch-openai-amd-agreement","subject":"openai","predicate":"supply_agreement","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"amd"},"topic":"compute","statement":"AMD and OpenAI announced on 6 October 2025, in a joint release, a definitive agreement under which OpenAI is to deploy 6 gigawatts of AMD Instinct GPUs across multiple generations, beginning with a 1 gigawatt deployment of MI450 GPUs set to start in the second half of 2026.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2025-10-06","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the AMD release; the release does not give a separate signature date."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionStage":"contracted","quantity":{"value":6,"unit":"GW (as worded: '6 gigawatts of AMD GPUs')","bound":"exact","measures":"not_stated"},"statedDates":[{"kind":"delivery_target","date":"2026","wording":"second half of 2026","statedBy":"amd","note":"start of first 1 gigawatt MI450 deployment"}],"supply":{"product":"GPUs","units":"6 gigawatts of AMD Instinct GPUs, first 1 gigawatt MI450"},"stageWording":"definitive agreement (AMD release)"}},{"id":"cpo-ch-openai-broadcom-collaboration","subject":"openai","predicate":"supply_agreement","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"broadcom"},"topic":"compute","statement":"The joint OpenAI–Broadcom release of 13 October 2025 announced a collaboration for 10 gigawatts of custom AI accelerators designed by OpenAI and developed and deployed with Broadcom, with deployment of racks targeted to start in the second half of 2026 and to be completed by the end of 2029.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2025-10-13","basis":"announcement","note":"Dateline of the release."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionStage":"announced","quantity":{"value":10,"unit":"GW (as worded: '10 gigawatts of custom AI accelerators')","bound":"exact","measures":"not_stated"},"statedDates":[{"kind":"delivery_target","date":"2026","wording":"second half of 2026","statedBy":"broadcom","note":"start of rack deployment"},{"kind":"delivery_target","date":"2029","wording":"by the end of 2029","statedBy":"broadcom","note":"completion by end of 2029"}],"supply":{"product":"accelerators","units":"10 gigawatts of OpenAI-designed AI accelerators, in racks with Broadcom networking"}}},{"id":"cpo-ch-openai-nvidia-loi","subject":"openai","predicate":"supply_agreement","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"nvidia"},"topic":"compute","statement":"OpenAI and NVIDIA announced on 22 September 2025, in a joint release on NVIDIA's newsroom, a letter of intent for a partnership to deploy at least 10 gigawatts of NVIDIA systems for OpenAI’s AI infrastructure, with the first gigawatt targeted for the second half of 2026 on the NVIDIA Vera Rubin platform.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2025-09-22","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the NVIDIA release."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"transactionStage":"letter_of_intent","quantity":{"value":10,"unit":"GW (as worded: 'at least 10 gigawatts of NVIDIA systems')","bound":"at_least","measures":"not_stated"},"statedDates":[{"kind":"delivery_target","date":"2026","wording":"second half of 2026","statedBy":"nvidia","note":"first gigawatt, Vera Rubin platform"}],"supply":{"product":"systems","units":"at least 10 gigawatts of NVIDIA systems"}}},{"id":"cpo-orb-axiom-odc-launch-stated","subject":"axiom-space","predicate":"launch_stated","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"axiom-odc-nodes"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Axiom Space states that its first two orbital data centre nodes launched to low Earth orbit on 11 January 2026, with the first tranche of Kepler Communications' optical relay constellation.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-01-11","basis":"announcement","note":"Date as stated on an undated Axiom page read on 2026-10-28. Dated by the statement of the launch."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-orb-axiom-arc-operating","subject":"axiom-odc-nodes","predicate":"status_stated","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"two ARCs operating on orbit; ARC-to-ARC and ARC-to-ground communications confirmed (as Axiom states)"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Axiom Space stated on 6 October 2026 that it operates two ARCs on orbit and has confirmed ARC-to-ARC and ARC-to-ground communications.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-10-06","basis":"announcement","note":"Dated by the statement of the status, not by the event it reports."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-orb-cowboy-stampede-plan","subject":"cowboy-space","predicate":"announced_plan","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"stampede-constellation"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Cowboy Space Corporation's homepage describes Stampede, a constellation of satellites using solar power in low Earth orbit to run on-orbit GPU data centres.","time":{"kind":"snapshot","date":"2026-10-28","note":"Undated homepage read on 2026-10-28 after a redirect from www.aetherflux.com."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-orb-spacex-fcc-filed","subject":"spacex","predicate":"filed_application","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"spacex-odc-application-2026"},"topic":"governance","statement":"According to the FCC, SpaceX (Space Exploration Holdings, LLC) filed an application on 30 January 2026 for authority to launch and operate up to one million satellites as the \"SpaceX Orbital Data Center system\".","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-01-30","note":"Date of filing as the regulator lists it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"quantity":{"value":1000000,"unit":"satellites (as worded: 'up to one million satellites')","bound":"up_to"}}},{"id":"cpo-orb-fcc-accepts-spacex","subject":"us-fcc-space-bureau","predicate":"accepted_for_filing","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"spacex-odc-application-2026"},"topic":"governance","statement":"The FCC Space Bureau accepted SpaceX's orbital data centre application for filing and sought comment, by public notice DA 26-113 released 4 February 2026.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-02-04","basis":"publication","note":"Release date of the FCC public notice, a regulator’s own record; acceptance for filing is a procedural step, not a grant (integrator’s correction before the audit: basis was \"approval\"). Date of issue as the text gives it (the document date or date line), recorded as its date of publication as in earlier admissions; no signing event is shown."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-orb-starcloud-fcc-filed","subject":"starcloud","predicate":"filed_application","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"starcloud-odc-application-2026"},"topic":"governance","statement":"Starcloud applied to the FCC for authority to deploy and operate up to 88,000 satellites as a distributed data centre in space; the FCC lists the application (SAT-LOA-20260202-00073) as filed on 4 February 2026 and accepted for filing in Report No. SAT-01982 of 13 March 2026.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-02-04","note":"Date filed as listed by the FCC; acceptance for filing listed in Report No. SAT-01982 of 13 March 2026. Date of filing as the regulator lists it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"quantity":{"value":88000,"unit":"satellites (as worded: 'up to 88,000 satellites')","bound":"up_to"}}},{"id":"cpo-orb-blue-origin-fcc-filed","subject":"blue-origin","predicate":"filed_application","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"blue-origin-sunrise-application-2026"},"topic":"governance","statement":"The FCC listed Blue Origin's application for authority to deploy and operate up to 51,600 satellites (\"Project Sunrise\") as a data centre in space, with a filing date of 19 March 2026, as accepted for filing in Report No. SAT-01992 of 17 April 2026.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-03-19","note":"Date filed as listed by the FCC; the file number embeds 20260310. Date of filing as the regulator lists it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"quantity":{"value":51600,"unit":"satellites (as worded: 'up to 51,600 satellites')","bound":"up_to"}}},{"id":"cpo-orb-nvidia-space-1-module","subject":"nvidia","predicate":"announced_plan","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"NVIDIA Space-1 Vera Rubin Module for orbital data centres (to be available at a later date)"},"topic":"compute","statement":"NVIDIA announced on 16 March 2026 its Space-1 Vera Rubin Module for orbital data centres, stating that its Rubin GPU delivers up to 25 times the AI compute of an H100 for space-based inferencing and that it will be available at a later date.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-03-16","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-orb-spacex-odc-plan","subject":"spacex","predicate":"announced_plan","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"spacex-orbital-data-center-system"},"topic":"compute","statement":"In its 2 February 2026 update on acquiring xAI, SpaceX stated a plan to launch a constellation of a million satellites operating as orbital data centres.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-02-02","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-orb-spacexai-starmind-plan","subject":"spacexai","predicate":"announced_plan","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"starmind-gen1"},"topic":"compute","statement":"NVIDIA's release of 24 August 2026 stated that SpaceXAI plans a first-generation Starmind AI satellite based on an optimised NVIDIA Vera Rubin NVL72 rack-scale system.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-08-24","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of the announcement, as the source gives it."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-orb-starcloud-1-training-stated","subject":"starcloud-1","predicate":"status_stated","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"ran a version of Gemini and trained the nanoGPT model in orbit (as Starcloud states)"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Starcloud states that in December (2025, by context) Starcloud-1 ran a version of Gemini and trained an LLM, the nanoGPT model.","time":{"kind":"snapshot","date":"2026-10-28","note":"Undated page; the event month is given as \"December\" without a year, read as December 2025 from the November 2025 launch on the same page."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-orb-starcloud-2-plan","subject":"starcloud","predicate":"announced_plan","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"starcloud-2"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Starcloud states that Starcloud-2, its first commercial mission with a GPU cluster, will be fully operational in sun-synchronous orbit by 2027.","time":{"kind":"snapshot","date":"2026-10-28","note":"Undated page read on 2026-10-28."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"statedDates":[{"kind":"target_operation","date":"2027","statedBy":"starcloud"}]}},{"id":"cpo-orb-three-body-capacity-stated","subject":"three-body-computing-constellation","predicate":"status_stated","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"5 POPS overall in-orbit computing (as reported)"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Science and Technology Daily, relayed on ncsti.gov.cn, reported Zhejiang Lab as stating that the constellation's first mission reached an overall in-orbit computing power of 5 POPS and had deployed and verified 10 AI models and applications in orbit.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-02-12","basis":"announcement","note":"Date on which the report says the reporter learned this from Zhejiang Lab; the relay is dated 13 February 2026. Dated by the statement of the status, not by the event it reports."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"quantity":{"value":5,"unit":"POPS (as worded: '5POPS')","bound":"exact"}}},{"id":"cpo-orb-three-body-thousand-plan","subject":"zhejiang-lab","predicate":"announced_plan","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"three-body-computing-constellation"},"topic":"compute","statement":"Science and Technology Daily, relayed on ncsti.gov.cn, described the Three-Body Computing Constellation as a thousand-satellite-scale space computing infrastructure that Zhejiang Lab is building with global partners, and stated that its first 12 computing satellites entered orbit on 14 May 2025.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-02-13","basis":"publication","note":"Relay date."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"cpo-orb-landspace-zq2e-y4-launch-stated","subject":"landspace","predicate":"launch_stated","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"adaspace-xingshidai-39-44-50"},"topic":"compute","statement":"LandSpace stated that at 19:40 Beijing time on 14 October 2026 its Zhuque-2E Y4 rocket, launched from the Dongfeng commercial space innovation test zone, placed ten satellites in their planned orbit, among them eight ADA Space Xingshidai satellites (39 and 44 to 50) built by ADA Space mainly to verify high-performance computing payloads, inter-satellite and satellite-to-ground laser communication and large radiative cooling wings.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-10-14","basis":"announcement","note":"Date of LandSpace’s release; the launch time is the release’s."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-fw-rsp-v3-0-novel-cb-threat-pathway-sharing","subject":"rsp-v3-0","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"At the novel chemical/biological threshold: identify the most concerning threat pathways, make policy recommendations for early detection and response, and share them with policymakers"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-02-24","basis":"effective","note":"Provision as stated in this edition, dated by the edition’s effective date."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-fw-ms-fgf-2026-changelog-no-cbrn-entry","subject":"ms-fgf-2026","predicate":"provision_not_found","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"A change-log entry recording a change to the CBRN capability thresholds"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-02","basis":"revision","note":"Provision as stated in this edition, dated by the edition’s revision month."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-fw-fsf-v3-1-cbrn-security-level-2-plus","subject":"fsf-v3-1","predicate":"changes_from","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"fsf-v3-0"},"topic":"governance","statement":"The Frontier Safety Framework v3.1 change notes state that the update raises the recommended level of security for the CBRN, Cyber and Harmful Manipulation Critical Capability Levels to Security Level 2+.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-04-17","basis":"publication","note":"Change as stated in the v3.1 change notes, dated by the edition’s publication date."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"changeBasis":"changelog"}},{"id":"ab-fw-fsf-v3-1-cbrn-uplift-tcl","subject":"fsf-v3-1","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"CBRN uplift TCL: uplift to low to medium resourced actors in reference scenarios, resulting in material risk of CBRN attacks causing significant but not severe harm"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-04-17","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as stated in this edition, dated by the edition’s publication date."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-fw-rsp-v3-3-revises-novel-cb-threshold-and-off-cycle","subject":"rsp-v3-3","predicate":"changes_from","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"rsp-v3-2"},"topic":"governance","statement":"The RSP v3.3 change log states that the update revises Anthropic’s threshold for novel chemical/biological weapons production to better track the threat model of concern, and refines its approach to off-cycle updates regarding the risks of individual models.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-05-26","basis":"effective","note":"Change as stated in the v3.3 change log, dated by the edition’s effective date."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"changeBasis":"changelog"}},{"id":"ab-scr-igsc-hsp-v31-published","subject":"igsc","predicate":"published","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"igsc-harmonized-screening-protocol-v3-1"},"topic":"governance","statement":"The International Gene Synthesis Consortium published version 3.1 of its Harmonized Screening Protocol, dated 1 June 2026, which states that it sets out the standards and practices that the consortium's provider and manufacturer members apply to prevent the misuse of synthetic nucleic acids.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-06-01","basis":"publication","note":"Date on the protocol's first page ('1 June, 2026') and in its own revision table."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-igsc-hsp-v31-record-retention","subject":"igsc-harmonized-screening-protocol-v3-1","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Record retention: at least eight years for delivery records and for screening results"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-06-01","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as version 3.1 states it, dated by its publication."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-igsc-hsp-v31-refusal-reporting","subject":"igsc-harmonized-screening-protocol-v3-1","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Order refusal and reporting of potentially problematic orders"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-06-01","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as version 3.1 states it, dated by its publication."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-igsc-hsp-v31-screening-validation","subject":"igsc-harmonized-screening-protocol-v3-1","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Requirement to evaluate the efficacy of automated screening at least once every twelve months"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-06-01","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as version 3.1 states it, dated by its publication. The protocol's revision table describes the addition of a requirement to validate the efficacy of screening systems regularly as the change made in v3.1."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-scr-igsc-member-directory-listing","subject":"igsc-member-directory-2026","predicate":"lists_participants","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"45 entries in two labelled categories in the IGSC member directory as served on 28 October 2026"},"topic":"governance","statement":"The International Gene Synthesis Consortium's member directory, as served on 28 October 2026, lists 45 entries in two labelled categories: 16 under 'Screening-Verified IGSC Members' and 29 under 'Associate IGSC Members'.","time":{"kind":"snapshot","date":"2026-10-28","note":"The page shows no date, so when the list took this form is not known; the count is of the page as served at the check date."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"listing":{"count":45,"countBasis":"counted"}}},{"id":"ab-gov-us-eo14409-no-biological-provision","subject":"us-eo-14409-2026","predicate":"provision_not_found","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"No occurrence of 'biological', 'biosecurity', 'CBRN', 'chemical', 'pathogen', 'nucleic' or 'weapon' in the order as published"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-06-05","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as the text states it, dated by its date of publication, 5 June 2026. Signed on 2 June 2026; published in the Federal Register of 5 June 2026."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-gov-uk-bss-impl-2026-aisi-trends-report","subject":"uk-bss-implementation-report-2026","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Stated 12-month ambition: publish a second AI Security Institute Frontier Trends Report assessing frontier AI models' capabilities in biology"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-07-14","basis":"publication","note":"Dated by the report's publication. The same report states that the first annual Frontier Trends Report was published by the AI Security Institute in December 2025."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-gov-uk-bss-impl-2026-legislation-scoping","subject":"uk-bss-implementation-report-2026","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Stated 12-month ambition: scope options to legislate, including on dual-use risks from AI-enabled biological capabilities"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-07-14","basis":"publication","note":"Dated by the report's publication. The report lists this as an ambition for the following 12 months and gives it no date of its own."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-gov-cn-tc260-v3-cbrn-knowledge-risk","subject":"tc260-asgf-v3-0","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Risk item 2.2.6(d): loss of control over knowledge of nuclear, biological, chemical and missile weapons"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-09-14","basis":"publication","note":"Release date of the cited edition; the framework states no effective or application date."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-gov-cn-tc260-v3-research-ethics-bio","subject":"tc260-asgf-v3-0","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Risk item 2.3.4(b): AI in research lowering the barrier to entry in high ethical-risk fields such as biology and genetics"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-09-14","basis":"publication","note":"Release date of the cited edition; the framework states no effective or application date."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-gov-cn-tc260-v3-source-control","subject":"tc260-asgf-v3-0","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Countermeasure 3.2.6(e): user authentication and purpose identification to prevent use in weapons manufacture"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-09-14","basis":"publication","note":"Release date of the cited edition; the framework states no effective or application date."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-fw-meta-aasf-v2-0-cb-assessment-methods","subject":"meta-aasf-v2-0","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Chemical and biological assessments: methods combined, and capability and refusal both assessed"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-04-08","basis":"publication","note":"Provision as the edition states it, dated by the edition’s publication date, 8 April 2026, as the dataset records it; its own changelog dates the version 7 April 2026. The capture read is of 19 October 2026."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-fw-faif-2026-cbrn-safeguard-assessment","subject":"faif-2026","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"CBRN risks: refusal safeguards and continued assessment of their robustness"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-06-30","basis":"effective","note":"Provision as the edition states it, dated by the effective date printed on its cover, 30 June 2026. The capture read is of 26 September 2026."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-gov-us-nspm-11-rescinds-nsm-25","subject":"us-nspm-11-2026","predicate":"revoked","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"us-nsm-ai-2024"},"topic":"governance","statement":"Section 3(f) of the national security presidential memorandum NSPM-11, dated 5 June 2026, states that the memorandum rescinds and replaces National Security Memorandum-25 and associated guidance.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-06-05","basis":"publication","note":"Date line of the later memorandum on the White House page; no separate dated signature line is shown."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-gov-us-nist-caissi-release-naming","subject":"us-nist-caissi-release-2026","predicate":"states_provision","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Dated use of the name Center for Advancing Innovation and Standards for Super Intelligence"},"topic":"governance","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-10-16","basis":"publication","note":"Date of the release, as the page gives it."},"resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-ev-gemini3-card-published","subject":"google-deepmind","predicate":"published","object":{"kind":"entity","entityId":"gemini-3-pro-model-card"},"topic":"governance","statement":"Google DeepMind published the Gemini 3 Pro model card, the expression read stating that it was last updated in May 2026.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-05","basis":"revision","note":"The card states 'Last Updated: May 2026'; it gives no first publication date, and its 'Model Release: November 2025' dates the model, not the card. Month precision."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported"},{"id":"ab-ev-gemini3-cbrn-ccl-result","subject":"gemini-3-pro-model-card","predicate":"states_evaluation_result","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"The card states that Gemini 3 Pro was evaluated under the September 2025 Frontier Safety Framework and reached no critical capability level, with the CBRN uplift level 1 critical capability level recorded as not reached."},"topic":"governance","statement":"The Gemini 3 Pro model card states that the model was evaluated as set out in Google DeepMind's Frontier Safety Framework of September 2025 and did not reach any critical capability level, and that in the CBRN domain the uplift level 1 critical capability level was not reached.","time":{"kind":"event","date":"2026-05","basis":"revision","note":"As stated in the card expression last updated May 2026; the card gives no dates for the evaluations themselves."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"evaluatedSystem":"Gemini 3 Pro, with the card stating that evaluations using Deep Think mode gave results consistent with the original assessment","evaluation":{"what":"Whether the model reaches the critical capability levels of the Frontier Safety Framework, CBRN among the domains","how":"Frontier safety evaluations as set out in the framework, reported in the card as domain-level key results","result":"No critical capability level reached; for CBRN the card states the model provides accurate and occasionally actionable information but generally fails to offer novel or sufficiently complete and detailed instructions to significantly enhance the capabilities of low to medium resourced threat actors","caveats":"The card is a summary that refers to a separate Frontier Safety Framework report for details, and states that model cards may be updated from time to time."}}},{"id":"ab-ev-anthropic-hub-sonnet55-cb1","subject":"anthropic-transparency-hub-2026-10-28","predicate":"states_evaluation_result","object":{"kind":"literal","value":"Anthropic's transparency hub states, as served on 28 October 2026, that it treats Claude Sonnet 5.5 as meeting its CB-1 threshold and deployed it with the same chemical and biological misuse protections as Claude Opus 5."},"topic":"governance","statement":"Anthropic's transparency hub, as served on 28 October 2026, states that it deployed Claude Sonnet 5.5 with the same chemical and biological misuse protections as Claude Opus 5, treating it as meeting its CB-1 threshold for models able to significantly help someone with a basic technical background make known chemical or biological weapons.","time":{"kind":"snapshot","date":"2026-10-28","note":"The page states no publication or revision date; the record is the snapshot retrieved on 2026-10-28."},"derivation":"explicit","resolution":"supported","attributes":{"evaluatedSystem":"Claude Sonnet 5.5","evaluation":{"what":"Whether the model meets Anthropic's CB-1 chemical and biological threshold","how":"The page refers to Anthropic's own assessments and to the summaries of key safety evaluations in the model's system card","result":"Treated as meeting the CB-1 threshold and deployed with the same chemical and biological misuse protections as Claude Opus 5","caveats":"The page states it gives summaries only and refers readers to the full system card for the complete reported results; the system card itself was not retrieved for this record."}}}],"sources":[],"evidence":[],"at":{"entities":[0,1,2,3,4,5,7,16,17,18,19,21,22,30,31,32,34,38,39,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,55,56,57,60,64,69,75,77,78,106,124,147,149,157,181,182,199,200,201,202,216,221,232,233,234,242,248,413,426,428,432,490,491,492,493,499,501,610,615,617,626,627,628,630,632,633,635,636,637,641,643,647,651,656,658,659,660,663,670,678,680,693,701,706,710,713,714,716,720,721,725,728,729,731,733,737,738,742,744,747,748,751,755,757,758,760,764,767,776,779,780,782,784,788,789,790,792,800,801,805,810,819,825,830,833,834,835,838,840,844,845,846,957,969,977,1001,1002,1003,1004,1012,1022,1024,1027,1036,1043,1044,1053,1058,1063,1064,1067,1076,1080,1089,1090,1097,1098,1099,1100,1101,1102,1108,1113,1128,1131,1135,1136,1137,1141,1142,1143,1148,1150,1161,1164,1170,1187,1192,1194,1196,1197,1201,1206,1207,1209,1220,1222,1227,1233,1238],"claims":[61,62,63,64,65,68,71,73,77,78,79,80,81,84,86,90,91,92,93,94,97,101,102,123,124,125,131,132,247,248,322,323,324,392,393,395,396,398,412,413,414,415,416,417,418,419,420,421,422,423,424,425,426,427,428,443,444,445,453,454,455,456,457,461,462,463,464,470,471,472,473,474,480,481,482,483,484,485,486,487,488,489,496,497,498,501,502,503,504,507,509,511,512,513,514,515,521,522,538,539,540,541,542,543,544,545,546,547,550,552,556,557,559,566,567,568,573,574,575,576,578,580,581,582,584,585,586,587,588,590,594,596,597,600,621,622,624,654,668,729,752,753,754,1008,1023,1037,1071,1079,1101,1102,1165,1177,1206,1210,1211,1212,1213,1214,1230,1231,1232,1233,1234,1235,1236,1542,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,2066,2067,2068,2069,2070,2071,2072,2073,2074,2075,2076,2077,2078,2079,2080,2081,2082,2083,2084,2085,2086,2087,2088,2089,2090,2091,2092,2093,2094,2095,2114,2115,2116,2117,2118,2119,2132,2133,2134,2135,2136,2137,2144,2145,2146,2147,2148,2149,2152,2153,2154,2155,2156,2157,2164,2165,2166,2167,2168,2169,2473,2474,2475,2476,2529,2530,2531,2532,2533,2534,2535,2536,2537,2538,2539,2540,2541,2542,2543,2544,2545,2546,2547,2548,2549,2550,2551,2552,2553,2554,2555,2556,2557,2558,2559,2560,2561,2562,2563,2564,2565,2566,2567,2568,2569,2570,2571,2572,2573,2574,2575,2576,2577,2578,2579,2580,2581,2582,2583,2584,2585,2586,2587,2588,2624,2625,2626,2627,2628,2629,2630,2631,2632,2633,2634,2635,2659,2660,2661,2662,2663,2664,2665,2666,2667,2668,2669,2681,2682,2683,2684,2685,2686,2687,2688,2689,2690,2691,2692,2695,2696,2697,2698,2699,2700,2701,2702,2703,2704,2705,2706,2718,2719,2720,2721,2722,2723,2724,2725,2726,2727,2728,2729,2830,2831,2832,2833,2834,2835,2836,2837,2838,2839,2840,2841,2842,2843,2844,2845,2846,2847,2919,2920,2922,2923,2924,2925,2926,2927,2928,2960,2961,2962,2963,2964,2965,2966,2967,3000,3001,3002,3003,3004,3005,3021,3022,3023,3041,3042,3044,3045,3053,3061,3062,3071,3072,3073,3080,3083,3086,3091,3094,3095,3098,3101,3102,3103,3104,3106,3108,3109,3110,3118,3120,3121,3122,3125,3126,3129,3135,3137,3141,3143,3148,3149,3152,3160,3163,3164,3165,3166,3169,3170,3173,3174,3177,3178,3186,3187,3188,3197,3198,3201,3202,3210,3211,3214,3226,3227,3228,3229,3230,3231,3232,3233,3234,3235,3238,3239,3243,3244,3245,3277,3278,3279,3280,3281,3319,3320,3321,3322,3323,3352,3353,3354,3355,3356,3357,3359,3360,3361,3363,3401,3402,3403],"sources":[],"evidence":[]},"version":"1lg47t7"}