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SB 53 requires a large frontier developer to write, implement, comply with, and clearly and conspicuously publish on its website a frontier AI framework that applies to its frontier models. The framework must describe the developer's approach to ten listed matters. Copy claim link
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Supporting evidence: primary · 1 source; Context: primary · 1 source
Provision Required action · provision ID sb53-frontier-ai-framework-publication Subject version Chaptered (Stats. 2025, ch. 138) · Published 2025-09-29 · Effective 2026-01-01 Date 2025-09-29 · publication Scope and limits What the enacted text states, quoted from the chaptered expression. It is not evidence that the statute applies to any named developer, or of compliance, enforcement or effect. The statute defines a 'frontier AI framework' as documented technical and organisational protocols to manage, assess and mitigate catastrophic risks (§ 22757.11(g)). This record states what the statute requires. It is not evidence that any company has published, implemented or complied with a framework. Failure to comply with one's own framework is a penalty ground (§ 22757.15(a)), and only the Attorney General can recover the penalty, in a civil action (§ 22757.15(b)). The Legislative Counsel's Digest summarises the duty without 'comply with'. The record relies on the operative section text.
The evidence 03 primary source Supports the claim
SB-53 Artificial intelligence models: large developers. (2025-2026) — bill text, chaptered version (Chapter 138, Statutes of 2025) ↗ California Legislature (California Legislative Information, Office of Legislative Counsel) · 2025-09-29
Archived copy, captured 2025-09-30: SB-53 Artificial intelligence models: large developers. (2025-2026) — bill text, chaptered version (Chapter 138, Statutes of 2025) ↗
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Source excerpt “A large frontier developer shall write, implement, comply with, and clearly and conspicuously publish on its internet website a frontier AI framework” Location in source SEC. 2, Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.12(a), opening clause
Machine-checked · 2026-10-04
Source details and check notes Authors California Legislature Version Chaptered version dated 09/29/25, inspected live 2026-10-04; quote also matched in the 2025-09-30 capture Canonical address Open the canonical source ↗ Accessed 2026-10-04 Language English (en) Archive copy Open archived copy, captured 2025-09-30: SB-53 Artificial intelligence models: large developers. (2025-2026) — bill text, chaptered version (Chapter 138, Statutes of 2025) ↗ . Captured 1 day after the recorded publication date. An archive copy shows only what the archive retrieved on 2025-09-30. It does not prove what the page said earlier, and it can differ from the copy checked on 2026-10-04.Attribution California Legislature, SB-53 Artificial intelligence models: large developers. (2025-2026) — bill text, chaptered version (Chapter 138, Statutes of 2025). Reuse Official government text; no redistribution licence asserted. Selekoa practice: metadata, attributed paraphrases and short attributed quotations under the editorial policy (at most 50 words each; at most 400 quoted words per document across the dataset, and about 10% of a document under about 2,000 words). Documents are linked externally, not redistributed. Publisher terms that forbid quotation override this practice. Check notes Verbatim excerpt proposed by a research agent and checked by two independent fresh-context verifier agents and decided by a third adjudicating agent on 2026-10-04; re-matched mechanically by the integrator against a direct fetch of the cited expression. Matched against the live page and the capture on adjudication; occurs once. Human editorial review is pending. primary source Supports the claim
SB-53 Artificial intelligence models: large developers. (2025-2026) — bill text, chaptered version (Chapter 138, Statutes of 2025) ↗ California Legislature (California Legislative Information, Office of Legislative Counsel) · 2025-09-29
Archived copy, captured 2025-09-30: SB-53 Artificial intelligence models: large developers. (2025-2026) — bill text, chaptered version (Chapter 138, Statutes of 2025) ↗
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Paraphrase the framework must describe the developer's approach to: (1) national and international standards and industry best practices; (2) defining and assessing thresholds for capabilities that could pose a catastrophic risk; (3) applying mitigations; (4) reviewing assessments and mitigations when deciding on deployment or extensive internal use; (5) third-party assessment; (6) revisiting and updating the framework, including when a model is substantially modified; (7) cybersecurity for unreleased model weights; (8) critical safety incidents; (9) internal governance to ensure implementation; and (10) catastrophic risk from internal use, including models circumventing oversight.
Location in source SEC. 2, Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.12(a)(1)–(10)
Machine-checked · 2026-10-04
Source details and check notes Authors California Legislature Version Chaptered version dated 09/29/25, inspected live 2026-10-04; quote also matched in the 2025-09-30 capture Canonical address Open the canonical source ↗ Accessed 2026-10-04 Language English (en) Archive copy Open archived copy, captured 2025-09-30: SB-53 Artificial intelligence models: large developers. (2025-2026) — bill text, chaptered version (Chapter 138, Statutes of 2025) ↗ . Captured 1 day after the recorded publication date. An archive copy shows only what the archive retrieved on 2025-09-30. It does not prove what the page said earlier, and it can differ from the copy checked on 2026-10-04.Attribution California Legislature, SB-53 Artificial intelligence models: large developers. (2025-2026) — bill text, chaptered version (Chapter 138, Statutes of 2025). Reuse Official government text; no redistribution licence asserted. Selekoa practice: metadata, attributed paraphrases and short attributed quotations under the editorial policy (at most 50 words each; at most 400 quoted words per document across the dataset, and about 10% of a document under about 2,000 words). Documents are linked externally, not redistributed. Publisher terms that forbid quotation override this practice. Check notes Editorial paraphrase proposed by a research agent and checked by two independent fresh-context verifier agents and decided by a third adjudicating agent on 2026-10-04. The list is paraphrased, not reproduced. Items (4) and (6) were corrected against the text on adjudication. Human editorial review is pending. primary source Context only
Business and Professions Code § 22757.12 — codified text (California Legislative Information) ↗ California Legislature (California Legislative Information, Office of Legislative Counsel) · Publication date unknown
Archived copy, captured 2026-01-30: Business and Professions Code § 22757.12 — codified text (California Legislative Information) ↗
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Source excerpt “(Added by Stats. 2025, Ch. 138, Sec. 2. (SB 53) Effective January 1, 2026.)” Location in source History note following § 22757.12
Machine-checked · 2026-10-04
Source details and check notes Authors California Legislature Version Codified section page inspected live 2026-10-04 (history note present, no amendment note). CDX lists the 2026-01-30 capture with status 200, but its content could not be re-retrieved during adjudication (HTTP 429). A verifier reported that the capture shows the same history note. Canonical address Open the canonical source ↗ Accessed 2026-10-04 Language English (en) Archive copy Open archived copy, captured 2026-01-30: Business and Professions Code § 22757.12 — codified text (California Legislative Information) ↗ . No publication date is recorded for this source. An archive copy shows only what the archive retrieved on 2026-01-30. It does not prove what the page said earlier, and it can differ from the copy checked on 2026-10-04.Attribution California Legislature, Business and Professions Code § 22757.12 — codified text (California Legislative Information). Reuse Official government text; no redistribution licence asserted. Selekoa practice: metadata, attributed paraphrases and short attributed quotations under the editorial policy (at most 50 words each; at most 400 quoted words per document across the dataset, and about 10% of a document under about 2,000 words). Documents are linked externally, not redistributed. Publisher terms that forbid quotation override this practice. Check notes Verbatim excerpt proposed by a research agent and checked by two independent fresh-context verifier agents and decided by a third adjudicating agent on 2026-10-04; re-matched mechanically by the integrator against a direct fetch of the cited expression. Legislative Counsel's annotation on the official codes site. It supports the effective date and the absence of an amendment note as of 2026-10-04. It says nothing about any developer's conduct. Context: the codified section and its history note as displayed when checked; the provision itself is quoted from the chaptered text. Human editorial review is pending. Status and meaning Editorial status. Not reviewed by an editor . An exploratory record that no editor has accepted. This status does not say whether a person has read any linked passage. Each evidence record above shows how it was checked.
Relation. An exact framework edition states one provision: a capability threshold or risk level and its trigger, a required safeguard or action, a decision authority (who decides, recommends, can overrule or is informed), or a stated exception. The quoted text records what the edition says, not implementation, compliance or effectiveness. Provisions with the same key align across editions of one family.
Date. Provision as stated in the chaptered text published and approved on 2025-09-29; the added sections took effect on 2026-01-01. Approved by the Governor and filed with the Secretary of State on 2025-09-29, per the chaptered bill header. The history note on codified § 22757.12 gives an effective date of 2026-01-01 (separate evidence item). The chaptered bill text states no effective date for Chapter 25.1. On the live codified § 22757.12 page, checked 2026-10-04, the only history note was 'Added by' and there was no amendment note.
Record ID sb-framework-duty