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Chronicle · Records dated 1966

1966

Selekoa’s 19 records dated 1966, in date order, grouped by topic.

Selective: what the records hold, not a history of the year.

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Ideas & lineages 19 records

Dated to 1966 only

  1. · publication · dated to the year

    “Computer Aspects of Technological Change (selection)” (1966) credits Paul Armer as its author. Evidence ↗
  2. · publication · dated to the year

    Armer, “Computer Aspects of Technological Change (selection)” (1966) bears on M05. Speakers: Paul Armer, The RAND Corporation (computer specialist; not an economist), in a selection from a study prepared for the Commission; Paul Armer, The RAND Corporation, relaying Herbert A. Simon. Armer adopts Herbert A. Simon's distinction (The Shape of Automation, 1965) between technological and economic radicalism. Armer cites Simon, The Shape of Automation (New York: Harper & Row, 1965), as the source of the technological/economic radical-conservative distinction. Evidence ↗
  3. · publication · dated to the year

    Armer, “Computer Aspects of Technological Change (selection)” (1966) contests M05. Speaker: Paul Armer, The RAND Corporation (non-economist). Armer combines technological radicalism (computers able in time to do any information-processing task) with economic conservatism. Evidence ↗
  4. · publication · dated to the year

    Levitan, “New Directions in Aid of the Poor (selection)” (1966) contests M05. Speaker: Sar A. Levitan, The W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research (economist), selection 'New Directions in Aid of the Poor'. Levitan's priorities for anti-poverty policy include work relief and public service jobs such as school and health aides. Evidence ↗
  5. · publication · dated to the year

    Bowen and Mangum, “Automation and Economic Progress” (1966) bears on M09. Speaker: Howard R. Bowen and Garth L. Mangum, editors (Editors' Introduction). The editors explain the Commission's origins in the persistent unemployment after the Korean conflict. They define automation technically as electronic feedback control of mechanical processes, which 'in common parlance' became a byword for anything reducing employment. Evidence ↗

February 1966

  1. · publication · dated to the month

    “Technological Change: Measurement, Determinants, and Diffusion” (1966-02) credits Edwin Mansfield as its author. Evidence ↗
  2. · publication · dated to the month

    Lynn, “An Investigation of the Rate of Development and Diffusion of Technology in Our Modern Industrial Society” (1966-02) bears on M01. Speaker: Frank Lynn, INTEC, Incorporated, Chicago (consultant; not an economist). Lynn measures incubation and diffusion periods across a set of innovation case studies; the computer is one case. Evidence ↗
  3. · publication · dated to the month

    Mansfield, “Technological Change: Measurement, Determinants, and Diffusion” (1966-02) bears on M01. Speaker: Edwin Mansfield, University of Pennsylvania (economist), 'Technological Change: Measurement, Determinants, and Diffusion'. Commissioned survey of how economists measure technical change (partial and total productivity indexes, organisational and capital-embodied change). Part II, sec. 8 asks whether the rate has increased, quoting Diebold and DuBridge on automation. Evidence ↗
  4. · publication · dated to the month

    Sporn and Haggerty, “Comment by Mr. Sporn, joined by Mr. Haggerty, in Technology and the American Economy, Vol. I” (1966-02) bears on M01. Speaker: Philip Sporn (utility executive; Commission member, non-economist), joined by Patrick E. Haggerty. Sporn says the report under-emphasises technology's positive contributions. A parallel comment by Beirne, Hayes and Reuther (p. 6) says the report lacks urgency. Evidence ↗
  5. · publication · dated to the month

    National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress, “Technology and the American Economy: Report of the National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress, Volume I” (1966-02) bears on M01. The Commission says the present is a time of rapid progress but that 'this is as far as we are prepared to go'. It concludes that no sharp break in the continuity of technical progress has occurred or is likely in the next decade. Evidence ↗
  6. · publication · dated to the month

    Newhouse, “Technological Change in Banking” (1966-02) bears on M02. Speaker: Joseph P. Newhouse, Harvard University (byline; also listed as a Commission staff analyst), 'Technological Change in Banking'. Newhouse finds that aggregate statistics say little; case studies show EDP eliminating routine clerical jobs, with adjustment largely through attrition given high turnover. Evidence ↗
  7. · publication · dated to the month

    National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress, “Technology and the American Economy: Report of the National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress, Volume I” (1966-02) bears on M02. Speaker: Howard R. Bowen, Commission chairman (economist), chairman's introduction (not part of the official report). Bowen's view of where technology should go: towards human, environmental and resource development, with new kinds of work and more leisure. Evidence ↗
  8. · publication · dated to the month

    National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress, “Technology and the American Economy: Report of the National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress, Volume I” (1966-02) bears on M05. Speaker: Howard R. Bowen, Commission chairman (economist), in a chairman's introduction stated not to be part of the official report. Bowen lists concerns about technology. The one 'perhaps most responsible for the establishment of the Commission' is the belief that technological change is a major source of unemployment. Evidence ↗
  9. · publication · dated to the month

    National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress, “Technology and the American Economy: Report of the National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress, Volume I” (1966-02) contests M05. Opening of the Commission's report, signed by all 14 members, including the economists Bowen and Solow. Concludes the Commission's opening argument that persistent post-Korea unemployment came from inadequate demand, not accelerated technology. Evidence ↗
  10. · publication · dated to the month

    National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress, “The Employment Impact of Technological Change. Appendix Volume II, Technology and the American Economy” (1966-02) bears on M06a. Speaker: Garth L. Mangum, Executive Secretary (Preface), summarising James R. Bright's study. The preface summarises the volume's 11 studies. Evidence ↗
  11. · publication · dated to the month

    National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress, “Technology and the American Economy: Report of the National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress, Volume I” (1966-02) articulates M06a. The Commission separates aggregate unemployment (demand) from displacement of particular workers (technology among other changes). Evidence ↗
  12. · publication · dated to the month

    National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress, “Technology and the American Economy: Report of the National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress, Volume I” (1966-02) articulates M06b. One of the Commission's numbered recommendations, alongside public service employment ('employer of last resort'), compensatory education and a computerised job-matching system. Evidence ↗
  13. · publication · dated to the month

    National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress, “Technology and the American Economy: Report of the National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress, Volume I” (1966-02) bears on M06b. The Commission recommends going beyond reform of existing social insurance to 'wholly new approaches to the problem of income maintenance'. Evidence ↗
  14. · publication · dated to the month

    Mansfield, “Technological Change: Measurement, Determinants, and Diffusion” (1966-02) bears on M09. Speaker: Edwin Mansfield, University of Pennsylvania (economist). Mansfield reviews output-per-man-hour evidence (Clague and Greenberg, Kendrick and Sato, CEA) for acceleration. Evidence ↗