What If AI Succeeds? The Rise of the Twenty-First Century Artilect
A magazine article by Hugo de Garis, AI Magazine 10, dated 1989. AI Magazine Volume 10 Number 2 (1989); running heads read SUMMER 1989.
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- Authors credited
- No authorship claim recorded yet. The source record lists Hugo de Garis.
- Dates
- No date claim recorded yet. The source record gives the publication date as 1989.
- Exact source
- What If AI Succeeds? The Rise of the Twenty-First Century Artilect AI Magazine 10(2), Summer 1989, pp. 17–22 (AAAI); publisher's PDF at ojs.aaai.org · published 1989 · Retrieved for the candidate pack on 2026-10-31 (SHA-256 bfb40a7efb65b582325b9800ab23b1f9f854898188951d992996bc3dd0827fb5). Publisher's PDF of the printed article (AI Magazine Volume 10 Number 2, 1989); retrieved with a plain curl user agent because the site's bot challenge blocks browser user agents.
- Earliest located in Machine succession, scale and acceleration: propositions in located texts, 1979–2026 for W01 Machines succeed humans as the leading intelligence →
- Earliest located in Machine succession, scale and acceleration: propositions in located texts, 1979–2026 for W04 Conflict over building superhuman machines →
- Earliest located use of the name “Cosmist” in Machine succession, scale and acceleration: propositions in located texts, 1979–2026 for W04 Conflict over building superhuman machines →
- Earliest located in Machine succession, scale and acceleration: propositions in located texts, 1979–2026 for W10 Machine intelligence spreads beyond Earth →
Appears in
- Machine succession, scale and acceleration: propositions in located texts, 1979–2026 →6 records on this document
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Cites · 2
Explicit references in this document. Citation is neither agreement nor influence.
- Engines of Creation: The Coming Era of NanotechnologyDe Garis's article of 1989 cites Drexler's Engines of Creation (1986) among the authors who have discussed the ethics of building an artilect, and on molecular computing.1989 · publication · Stated in source · Supported Inspect claim & evidence ↗Drexler, Engines of Creation (1986): document page →
- Computing Machinery and IntelligenceDe Garis's article of 1989 cites Turing 1950 among the few authors who have discussed the ethics of building an artilect.1989 · publication · Stated in source · Supported Inspect claim & evidence ↗Turing, Computing Machinery and Intelligence (1950): document page →
Articulates · 3
Propositions whose criterion a passage of this document meets. The record says what the text states, in its register; it is not evidence that the proposition is true.
- Machines succeed humans as the leading intelligenceDe Garis's AI Magazine article of 1989 writes that in 20 years' time it will be commonplace to say that the twenty-first century will be dominated by the machine "if humanity so chooses—and maybe even if not". It also sets out a second scenario, which it calls "probably more popular in science fiction", in which the artilects take over and events might evolve too quickly for human beings to remain in control.1989 · publication · Stated in source · Supported Inspect claim & evidence ↗Machines succeed humans as the leading intelligence: propositions page →
- Conflict over building superhuman machinesDe Garis's article of 1989 states that the artilect issue will divide humanity into two camps, which he labels "the Terras" and "the Cosmists", and that the conflict between them will be the dominant source of global political conflict in the 21st century. It states that the Cosmists will pursue a policy of mutual deterrence, so that the century will politically resemble the twentieth, with weapon systems "all the more horrific and artilectual".1989 · publication · Stated in source · Supported Inspect claim & evidence ↗Conflict over building superhuman machines: propositions page →
- Machine intelligence spreads beyond EarthDe Garis's article of 1989 states that a suitably adapted artilect could venture from Earth into the cosmos, and attributes to the camp he labels "the Cosmists" the wish that artilects escape their terrestrial origins and search for other life in the universe.1989 · publication · Stated in source · Supported Inspect claim & evidence ↗Machine intelligence spreads beyond Earth: propositions page →
Bears on · 3
Propositions a passage comes close to without meeting the criterion; each record names what is missing.
- Succession by machines would be acceptable or desirableDe Garis's article of 1989 forecasts that many people will see humanity as a stepping-stone toward a higher form of evolution and hold it humanity's destiny to help the artilects leave the planet.1989 · publication · Stated in source · Supported Inspect claim & evidence ↗Succession by machines would be acceptable or desirable: propositions page →
- Human minds transferred into machinesDe Garis's article of 1989 names, as a third option beside letting artilects evolve or not, that some human beings might modify their own bodies and brains to become artilects themselves.1989 · publication · Stated in source · Supported Inspect claim & evidence ↗Human minds transferred into machines: propositions page →
- Machine intelligence as a physical or cosmic processDe Garis's article of 1989 poses the question whether humanity will or will not serve as the stepping-stone toward a higher form of evolution, and forecasts that many people will see humanity that way.1989 · publication · Stated in source · Supported Inspect claim & evidence ↗Machine intelligence as a physical or cosmic process: propositions page →
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