Antecedent texts: machine intelligence before 1965

Which located texts state, contest or bear on three propositions about machines that recur before 1965: that a machine can only do what it is ordered to do, that a machine could think, and that machine intelligence will bring a singularity? For each proposition, which text is the earliest located?

Each row is one text’s stance on one proposition, as a stored record states it: articulates, contests or bears on. A stance belongs to the text, not to its author. Rows are in date order, which records no influence between texts. Authors appear as the texts’ own bylines print them, pseudonyms included. “Earliest located” marks only a text the collection’s records name as the earliest the searches found.

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